Biology:Acanthoscelides
| Acanthoscelides | |
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| Acanthoscelides obtectus | |
Scientific classification 
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| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Arthropoda |
| Class: | Insecta |
| Order: | Coleoptera |
| Infraorder: | Cucujiformia |
| Family: | Chrysomelidae |
| Subfamily: | Bruchinae |
| Tribe: | Bruchini |
| Genus: | Acanthoscelides Schilsky, 1905 |
| Species | |
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300+, see text | |
Acanthoscelides is a genus of bean weevils of the subfamily Bruchinae. They are native to the New World. About one third of them can be found in Mexico.[1]
In 1946 this genus was populated with at least 322 species transferred from other genera, mainly Bruchus. Some of these were later placed into other genera.[2] Estimates of the current number of named species range from about 300[3] to 340,[1] and there are over 200 undescribed species.[1]
These beetles are generally 1.1 to 3.5 millimeters long. They have large, protruding eyes, and males often have larger eyes than females. They sometimes also have longer antennae.[2] The elytra are about twice as long as they are wide.[1] The beetles of this genus are diverse and the characters used to classify them are not well defined;[2] historically, Acanthoscelides is a wastebasket taxon, "used as a genus into which species are placed that do not fit within the limits of other genera".[1]
Most of these beetles feed on legumes. The majority specialize on Faboideae, many on Mimosoideae, and fewer on Caesalpinioideae. Some are known from non-legume host plants, such as mallows.[3]
Familiar species include Acanthoscelides obtectus, a worldwide pest of beans,[4] and Acanthoscelides macrophthalmus, which is employed as an agent of biological pest control against the invasive tree Leucaena leucocephala.[5]
Species
- Acanthoscelides aequalis
- Acanthoscelides alboscutellatus (Horn, 1873)
- Acanthoscelides atomus
- Acanthoscelides aureolus (Horn, 1873)
- Acanthoscelides baboquivari
- Acanthoscelides bisignatus
- Acanthoscelides biustulus (Fall, 1910)
- Acanthoscelides calvus (Horn, 1873)
- Acanthoscelides chiricahuae (Fall, 1910)
- Acanthoscelides compressicornis (Schaeffer, 1907)
- Acanthoscelides comstocki
- Acanthoscelides daleae
- Acanthoscelides desmanthi
- Acanthoscelides distinguendus
- Acanthoscelides flavescens
- Acanthoscelides floridae
- Acanthoscelides fraterculus
- Acanthoscelides fumatus
- Acanthoscelides griseolus
- Acanthoscelides helianthemum
- Acanthoscelides herissantitus
- Acanthoscelides inquisitus
- Acanthoscelides kingsolveri
- Acanthoscelides lobatus
- Acanthoscelides longistilus
- Acanthoscelides macrophthalmus
- Acanthoscelides margaretae
- Acanthoscelides mixtus
- Acanthoscelides modestus
- Acanthoscelides mundulus
- Acanthoscelides napensis
- Acanthoscelides oblongoguttatus
- Acanthoscelides obrienorum
- Acanthoscelides obsoletus
- Acanthoscelides obtectus
- Acanthoscelides obvelatus
- Acanthoscelides oregonensis
- Acanthoscelides pallidipennis
- Acanthoscelides pauperculus
- Acanthoscelides pectoralis
- Acanthoscelides pedicularius
- Acanthoscelides perforatus
- Acanthoscelides prosopoides
- Acanthoscelides pullus
- Acanthoscelides pusillimus
- Acanthoscelides quadridentatus
- Acanthoscelides rufovittatus
- Acanthoscelides sauli[7]
- Acanthoscelides schaefferi
- Acanthoscelides schrankiae
- Acanthoscelides seminulum
- Acanthoscelides sousai
- Acanthoscelides speciosus
- Acanthoscelides stylifer
- Acanthoscelides subaequalis
- Acanthoscelides submuticus
- Acanthoscelides tenuis
- Acanthoscelides tridenticulatus
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 Nápoles, J. R. and J. M. Kingsolver. (2009). A new species of Acanthoscelides Schilsky (Coleoptera: Bruchidae) from Mexico with some biological notes. Neotropical Entomology 38(4), 497-500.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 Kingsolver, J. M. Handbook of the Bruchidae of the United States and Canada (Insecta, Coleoptera), Volume I. Technical Bulletin 1912. USDA ARS. 2004. pg. 89.
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 Alvarez, N., et al. (2006). Phylogenetic relationships in the Neotropical bruchid genus Acanthoscelides (Bruchinae, Bruchidae, Coleoptera). Journal of Zoological Systematics and Evolutionary Research 44(1) 63-74.
- ↑ Acanthoscelides obtectus (Say). Canadian Grain Commission.
- ↑ Egli, D. and T. Olckers. (2012). Oviposition patterns and egg mortality in Acanthoscelides macrophthalmus (Chrysomelidae: Bruchinae), a biological control agent of Leucaena leucocephala (Fabaceae) in South Africa. African Entomology 20(1), 111-18.
- ↑ Acanthoscelides. Integrated Taxonomic Information System.
- ↑ Nápoles, J. R., et al. (2009). Seed beetles (Coleoptera: Bruchidae) associated with Acacia cornigera (L.) Willd., with description of a new species of Acanthoscelides Schilsky. Insecta Mundi 93 1-11.
External links
Wikidata ☰ Q1645100 entry
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