Biology:Flora of South Georgia
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Short description: List of plants native to the Southern Atlantic island of South Georgia
This is a list of the flora of South Georgia, an island in the subantarctic Atlantic Ocean, part of the British overseas territory of South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands.[1][2][3] There are 26 native plant species, and there has been 76 species of introduced plants recorded on the island.
| Common name | |
|---|---|
| Blechnum penna-marina | Antarctic hard-fern or small fern |
| Cystopteris fragilis | Brittle bladder-fern or common fragile fern |
| Grammitis poeppigeana | Strap fern |
| Hymenophyllum falklandicum | Filmy fern |
| Lycopodium magellanicum | Magellanic clubmoss |
| Ophioglossum crotalophoroides | Adder's tongue |
| Polystichum mohrioides | Shield-fern |
| Latin name | Common name |
|---|---|
| Acaena magellanica | Greater burnet |
| Acaena magellanica × tenera | Hybrid burnet |
| Acaena tenera | Lesser burnet |
| Alopecurus magellanicus | Antarctic foxtail |
| Callitriche antarctica | Antarctic starwort |
| Colobanthus quitensis | Antarctic pearlwort |
| Colobanthus subulatus | Lesser pearlwort or sessile pearlwort or emerald bog |
| Deschampsia antarctica | Antarctic hair-grass |
| Festuca contracta | Tufted fescue |
| Galium antarcticum | Antarctic bedstraw |
| Juncus inconspicuous | Lesser rush |
| Juncus scheuchzerioides | Greater native rush |
| Montia fontana | Water blinks |
| Phleum alpinum | Alpine cats-tail |
| Poa flabellata | Tussac grass |
| Ranunculus biternatus | Antarctic buttercup |
| Rostkovia magellanica | Brown (or short) rush |
| Uncinia macrolepis | Smith's sedge |
Introduced species
| Latin name | Common name |
|---|---|
| Achillea millefolium | Yarrow |
| Achillea ptarmica | Sneezewort |
| Agrostis capillaris | Common bent |
| Agrostis vinealis | Brown bent |
| Anthoxanthum odoratum | Sweet vernal grass |
| Anthriscus sylvestris | Cow parsley |
| Capsella bursa-pastoris | Shephard's purse |
| Cardamine glacialis | Bittercress |
| Carex aquatilis | Water sedge |
| Carex nigra | Common sedge |
| Carex vallis-pulchrae | Marsh sedge |
| Cerastium fontanum | Common mouse-eared chickweed |
| Dactylis glomerata | Cocksfoot |
| Deschampsia cespitosa | Tufted hair-grass |
| Deschampsia flexuosa | Wavy hair-grass |
| Deschampsia parvula | Punkgrass |
| Elymus repens | Couch grass |
| Empetrum rubrum | Diddle-dee |
| Festuca rubra | Red fescue |
| Hypericum sp. | St. John's wort |
| Juncus filiformis | Thread rush |
| Leptinella scariosa | Feathery buttonweed |
| Lobelia pratiana | Berry lobelia |
| Luzula multiflora | Heath wood-rush |
| Nardus stricta | Mat grass |
| Poa annua | Annual meadow grass |
| Poa pratensis | Smooth meadow grass |
| Poa trivialis | Rough meadow grass |
| Ranunculus acris | Meadow buttercup |
| Ranunculus repens | Creeping buttercup |
| Rumex acetosella | Sheep's sorrel |
| Rumex crispus | Curled dock |
| Sagina procumbens | Procumbent pearlwort |
| Stellaria media | Common chickweed |
| Taraxacum officinale | Dandelion |
| Trifolium repens | White clover |
| Tripleurospermum inodorum | Scentless mayweed |
| Trisetum spicatum | Spikey trisetum |
| Vaccinium vitis-idaea | Cowberry |
| Veronica serpyllifolia | Thyme-leaved speedwell |
| Latin name | Common name | Year last seen | Location |
|---|---|---|---|
| Aegilops sp. | Goat grass | 1961 | Grytviken |
| Alchemilla monticola | Velvet lady's mantle | 1992 | Husvik |
| Allium schoenoprasum | Chives | 2015 | Leith |
| Alopecurus magellanicus | Marsh foxtail | 1968 | Grytviken |
| Artemisia sp | Mugwort | 1967 | Grytviken |
| Avena fatua | Wild-oat | 1961 | Grytviken |
| Brassica cf. napus | Rape | 1961 | Grytviken |
| Carum carvi | Caraway | 1968 | Grytviken |
| Centella sp. | Centella | 1967 | Grytviken |
| Cerastium arvense | Field mouse-ear | 1970 | Grytviken |
| Daucus carota | Carrot | 1967 | Grytviken |
| Festuca ovina | Sheep's fescue | 1981 | Husvik |
| Festuca perennis | Italian rye-grass | 1961 | Grytviken |
| Hypericum tetrapterum | Square-stemmed St. John's wort | 2005 | Husvik |
| Lactuca sp. | Wild lettuce | 1971 | Grytviken |
| Lamium purpureum | Red dead-nettle | 1969 | King Edward Point |
| Lolium temulentum | Darnel rye-grass | 1961 | Leith |
| Lotus corniculatus | Bird's foot trefoil | 1992 | Husvik |
| Lupinus sp. | Lupin | 1961 | Leith |
| Matricaria discoidea | Pineapple weed | 1979 | King Edward Point |
| Phleum pratense | Timothy grass | 1961 | Husvik |
| Pisum sativum | Pea | 1961 | King Edward point |
| Plantago sp. | Hoary plantain | 1967 | Grytviken |
| Raphanus sp. | Radish | 1968 | Grytviken |
| Rorippa islandica | Northern yellow-cress | 1971 | Grytviken |
| Rumex alpinus | Alpine dock | 1961 | Leith |
| Senecio vulgaris | Common groundsel | 1967 | King Edward Point |
| Sinapis arvensis | Charlock | 1979 | King Edward Point |
| Solanum tuberosum | Potato | 1967 | Grytviken |
| Sonchus sp. | Sow thistle | 1979 | King Edward Point |
| Stellaria graminea | Grass leaf-starwort | 1964 | Husvik |
| Thlaspi arvense | Field penny-cress | 1961 | Husvik |
| Trifolium hybridum | Alsike clover | 1980 | Leith |
| Urtica dioica | Common nettle | 1967 | Leith |
| Urtica urens | Annual nettle | 1961 | Grytviken |
References
- ↑ "Terrestrial flora of South Georgia and Antarctica". https://legacy.bas.ac.uk/met/jds/baslocal/South%20Georgia.pdf. Retrieved 3 October 2019.
- ↑ "Terrestrial/Plants – Government of South Georgia & the South Sandwich Islands". http://www.gov.gs/environment/terrestrial/plants/. Retrieved 3 October 2019. "South Georgia is home to just 25 species of native vascular plant, none of which are endemic. The poorly developed vascular plant flora is probably as a consequence of the island’s isolation from major landmasses and the relatively harsh year-round climate. In contrast there are around 125 species of moss, 85 liverworts and more than 200 species of lichen."
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 Upson, Rebecca; Myer, Bradley; Floyd, Kelvin; Lee, Jennifer; Clubbe, Colin (2017). Field guide to the introduced flora of South Georgia. Richmond, Surrey, UK: Kew Publishing, Royal Botanic Gardens. ISBN 978-1-84246-652-0. OCLC 1007331209. https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/1007331209.
- ↑ 4.0 4.1 Galbraith, Deirdre. (2011). A field guide to the flora of South Georgia. Great Britain: South Georgia Heritage Trust. ISBN 978-0-9564546-0-7. OCLC 714041780. https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/714041780.
- ↑ 5.0 5.1 5.2 "South Georgia Flora Guide". 18 January 2021. https://www.inaturalist.org/guides/7561.
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