Chemistry:ANA-12
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| Formula | C22H21N3O3S |
| Molar mass | 407.49 g·mol−1 |
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ANA-12 is a selective, small-molecule non-competitive antagonist of TrkB (Kd = 10 nM and 12 μM for the high- and low-affinity sites, respectively), the main receptor of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF).[1] The compound crosses the blood-brain-barrier and exerts central TrkB blockade, producing effects as early as 30 minutes (~400 nM) and as long as 6 hours (~10 nM) following intraperitoneal injection in mice.[1] It blocks the neurotrophic actions of BDNF without compromising neuron survival.[1]
Research
ANA-12 produces rapid antidepressant- and anxiolytic-like effects in animal models,[1] the former of which have been elucidated to be mediated by blockade of BDNF signaling in the nucleus accumbens.[2][3] It has also been found to alleviate methamphetamine-induced depression-like behavior (including anhedonia), behavioral sensitization, and nucleus accumbens neuroplasticity changes with subchronic (14-day) administration in mice, whereas the TrkB agonist 7,8-dihydroxyflavone was ineffective in doing so.[4]
ANA-12 blocks the cognitive-enhancing effects of environmental enrichment and calorie restriction in rodents, which are mediated by BDNF signaling through TrkB in the hippocampus.[5][6] It also blocks hippocampal neurogenesis induced by physical exercise in rodents, and may block the cognitive-enhancing effects of exercise as well.[7]
See also
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 "Identification of a low-molecular weight TrkB antagonist with anxiolytic and antidepressant activity in mice". The Journal of Clinical Investigation 121 (5): 1846–1857. May 2011. doi:10.1172/JCI43992. PMID 21505263.
- ↑ "Antidepressant effects of TrkB ligands on depression-like behavior and dendritic changes in mice after inflammation". The International Journal of Neuropsychopharmacology 18 (4): pyu077. October 2014. doi:10.1093/ijnp/pyu077. PMID 25628381.
- ↑ "Alterations in brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and its precursor proBDNF in the brain regions of a learned helplessness rat model and the antidepressant effects of a TrkB agonist and antagonist". European Neuropsychopharmacology 25 (12): 2449–2458. December 2015. doi:10.1016/j.euroneuro.2015.09.002. PMID 26419294.
- ↑ "BDNF-TrkB signaling in the nucleus accumbens shell of mice has key role in methamphetamine withdrawal symptoms". Translational Psychiatry 5 (10): e666. October 2015. doi:10.1038/tp.2015.157. PMID 26506052.
- ↑ "Enriched Environment Attenuates Surgery-Induced Impairment of Learning, Memory, and Neurogenesis Possibly by Preserving BDNF Expression". Molecular Neurobiology 53 (1): 344–354. January 2016. doi:10.1007/s12035-014-9013-1. PMID 25432890.
- ↑ "Calorie restriction improves cognitive decline via up-regulation of brain-derived neurotrophic factor: tropomyosin-related kinase B in hippocampus ofobesity-induced hypertensive rats". International Heart Journal 56 (1): 110–115. 2015. doi:10.1536/ihj.14-168. PMID 25503654.
- ↑ "Physical exercise and environment exploration affect synaptogenesis in adult-generated neurons in the rat dentate gyrus: possible role of BDNF". Brain Research 1534: 1–12. October 2013. doi:10.1016/j.brainres.2013.08.023. PMID 23973748.
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