Biology:ACTR1A
 Generic protein structure example |
Alpha-centractin (yeast) or ARP1 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ACTR1A gene.[1][2]
Function
This gene encodes a 42.6 kD subunit of dynactin, a macromolecular complex consisting of 10-11 subunits ranging in size from 22 to 150 kD. Dynactin binds to both microtubules and cytoplasmic dynein. It is involved in a diverse array of cellular functions, including ER-to-Golgi transport, the centripetal movement of lysosomes and endosomes, spindle formation, chromosome movement, nuclear positioning, and axonogenesis. This subunit is present in 8-13 copies per dynactin molecule, and is the most abundant molecule in the dynactin complex. It is an actin-related protein, and is approximately 60% identical at the amino acid level to conventional actin.[2] ARP1 forms a 37 nm filament-like structure and is the core of the dynactin complex.[3] It only exists in the dynactin complex in vivo. Highly purified, native Arp1 polymerize rapidly at extremely low concentrations into short filaments in vitro that were similar, but not identical, in length to those in dynactin. With time, these Arp1 filaments appeared to anneal to form longer assemblies but never attained the length of conventional actin filaments. As for conventional actin, Arp1 can bind and hydrolyze ATP, and Arp1 assembly is accompanied by nucleotide hydrolysis.[4]
It has been reported that Arp1 interacts with other dynactin components including DCTN1/p150Glued,[5] DCTN4/p62[6][7] and Actr10/Arp11.[8] Arp1 has been shown as the domain for dynactin binding to membrane vesicles (such as Golgi or late endosome) through its association with β-spectrin.[9][10][11][12]
Interactions
ACTR1A has been shown to interact with SPTBN2.[10][13]
References
- ↑ "A vertebrate actin-related protein is a component of a multisubunit complex involved in microtubule-based vesicle motility". Nature 359 (6392): 244–6. Oct 1992. doi:10.1038/359244a0. PMID 1528266. Bibcode: 1992Natur.359..244L.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 "Entrez Gene: ACTR1A ARP1 actin-related protein 1 homolog A, centractin alpha (yeast)". https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?Db=gene&Cmd=ShowDetailView&TermToSearch=10121.
- ↑ "Ultrastructural analysis of the dynactin complex: an actin-related protein is a component of a filament that resembles F-actin". The Journal of Cell Biology 126 (2): 403–412. 1994. doi:10.1083/jcb.126.2.403. PMID 7518465.
- ↑ "Self-regulated polymerization of the actin-related protein Arp1". Curr. Biol. 9 (4): 223–6. 1999. doi:10.1016/S0960-9822(99)80095-5. PMID 10074429.
- ↑ "The p150Glued component of the dynactin complex binds to both microtubules and the actin-related protein centractin (Arp-1)". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 92 (5): 1634–8. 1995. doi:10.1073/pnas.92.5.1634. PMID 7878030. Bibcode: 1995PNAS...92.1634W.
- ↑ "Interaction of the p62 subunit of dynactin with Arp1 and the cortical actin cytoskeleton". Curr. Biol. 9 (24): 1497–500. 1999. doi:10.1016/S0960-9822(00)80122-0. PMID 10607597.
- ↑ "A dynactin subunit with a highly conserved cysteine-rich motif interacts directly with Arp1". J. Biol. Chem. 275 (7): 4834–9. 2000. doi:10.1074/jbc.275.7.4834. PMID 10671518.
- ↑ "Interactions between the evolutionarily conserved, actin-related protein, Arp11, actin, and Arp1". Mol. Biol. Cell 14 (7): 2645–54. 2003. doi:10.1091/mbc.E03-01-0049. PMID 12857853.
- ↑ "Centractin (ARP1) associates with spectrin revealing a potential mechanism to link dynactin to intracellular organelles". J. Cell Biol. 135 (6 Pt 2): 1815–29. 1996. doi:10.1083/jcb.135.6.1815. PMID 8991093.
- ↑ 10.0 10.1 "beta III spectrin binds to the Arp1 subunit of dynactin". J. Biol. Chem. 276 (39): 36598–605. 2001. doi:10.1074/jbc.M104838200. PMID 11461920.
- ↑ "Dynactin-dependent, dynein-driven vesicle transport in the absence of membrane proteins: a role for spectrin and acidic phospholipids". Mol. Cell 7 (1): 173–83. 2001. doi:10.1016/S1097-2765(01)00165-4. PMID 11172722.
- ↑ "Activation of endosomal dynein motors by stepwise assembly of Rab7-RILP-p150Glued, ORP1L, and the receptor betalll spectrin". J. Cell Biol. 176 (4): 459–71. 2007. doi:10.1083/jcb.200606077. PMID 17283181.
- ↑ "LDL-receptor-related protein 6 is a receptor for Dickkopf proteins". Nature 411 (6835): 321–5. 2001. doi:10.1038/35077108. PMID 11357136. Bibcode: 2001Natur.411..321M.
Further reading
- "Centractin is an actin homologue associated with the centrosome". Nature 359 (6392): 246–50. 1992. doi:10.1038/359246a0. PMID 1356230. Bibcode: 1992Natur.359..246C.
- "Beta-centractin: characterization and distribution of a new member of the centractin family of actin-related proteins". Mol. Biol. Cell 5 (12): 1301–10. 1995. doi:10.1091/mbc.5.12.1301. PMID 7696711.
- "Localization of motor-related proteins and associated complexes to active, but not inactive, centromeres". Hum. Mol. Genet. 7 (4): 671–7. 1998. doi:10.1093/hmg/7.4.671. PMID 9499420.
- "Specific isoforms of actin-binding proteins on distinct populations of Golgi-derived vesicles". J. Biol. Chem. 274 (16): 10743–50. 1999. doi:10.1074/jbc.274.16.10743. PMID 10196146.
- "Overexpression of normal and mutant Arp1alpha (centractin) differentially affects microtubule organization during mitosis and interphase". J. Cell Sci. 112 (20): 3507–18. 2000. doi:10.1242/jcs.112.20.3507. PMID 10504299.
- "Human centromeres and neocentromeres show identical distribution patterns of >20 functionally important kinetochore-associated proteins". Hum. Mol. Genet. 9 (2): 175–85. 2000. doi:10.1093/hmg/9.2.175. PMID 10607828.
- "ARP1 in Golgi organisation and attachment of manchette microtubules to the nucleus during mammalian spermatogenesis". J. Cell Sci. 113 (5): 877–86. 2000. doi:10.1242/jcs.113.5.877. PMID 10671377.
- "DNA Cloning Using In Vitro Site-Specific Recombination". Genome Res. 10 (11): 1788–95. 2001. doi:10.1101/gr.143000. PMID 11076863.
- "ARP1 interacts with the 5' flanking region of the coagulation factor VII gene". J. Thromb. Haemost. 1 (6): 1220–7. 2004. doi:10.1046/j.1538-7836.2003.00227.x. PMID 12871323.
External links
- ACTR1A human gene location in the UCSC Genome Browser.
- ACTR1A human gene details in the UCSC Genome Browser.
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