Astronomy:Graphical timeline of the Stelliferous Era

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This is the timeline of the stelliferous era but also partly charts the primordial era, and charts more of the degenerate era of the heat death scenario.

The scale is [math]\displaystyle{ 10 \times \log_{10}\{t\} }[/math] where [math]\displaystyle{ \{t\} }[/math] is the time since the Big Bang expressed in years. Example: one million years is [math]\displaystyle{ \{t\} = 1{,}000{,}000;\ \ 10 \times \log_{10}\{t\} = 10\times 6 = 60 }[/math].

Timeline

<timeline> ImageSize = width:720 height:2000 PlotArea = left:40 right:235 bottom:75 top:75

Colors = 

 id:period1 value:rgb(1,1,0.7) # light yellow
 id:period2 value:rgb(0.7,0.7,1) # light blue
 id:events  value:rgb(1,0.7,1) # light purple
 id:era2    value:lightorange
 id:era1    Value:yellowgreen

DateFormat = yyyy Period = from:56 till:200 TimeAxis = format:yyyy orientation:vertical ScaleMajor = unit:year increment:10 start:60 ScaleMinor = unit:year increment:1 start:56

AlignBars = justify

BarData = 

 bar:Era
 bar:Dummy2
 bar:Dummy3
 bar:Periods
 bar:Dummy4
 bar:Events

TextData = 

 fontsize:M
 pos:(250,75)
 text:"Photon epoch"
 pos:(260,657)
 text:"ZOOM  IN"
 pos:(107,1645)
 text:"NEXT"
 pos:(65,1630)
 text:"The Degenerate Era"
 pos:(65,120)
 text:"The Primordial Era"
 pos:(85,105)
 text:"PREVIOUS"

PlotData= 

 textcolor:black  fontsize:M

 width:165
 bar:Era  mark:(line,white)  align:center  shift:(0,0)
 from:60  till:140  color:era2  text:"The Stelliferous Era"

 width:55
 bar:Dummy2
 bar:Dummy3

 width:165
 bar:Periods  align:center  shift:(0,0)  mark:(line,white)
 from:56   till:80   color:period1  text:"Dark Ages"
 from:80   till:90   color:period2  text:"Reionization"
 from:98   till:100  color:period1  text:"Formation of the Milky Way~galactic disk"  shift:(0,2)
 from:100  till:102  color:period2  text:"Life on Earth"
 from:190  till:200  color:period1

 width:55
 bar:Dummy4

 width:55
 mark:(line,purple)  textcolor:black  fontsize:M
 bar:Events  color:events  align:left  shift:(30,-4)

 at: 56  text:"379,000 years: Hydrogen and helium nuclei ~capture electrons to form stable atoms. Photons ~are no longer able to interact strongly with atoms. ~Cosmic microwave background radiation forms."  shift:(30,-15)
 at: 60  text:"One million years"
 at: 80  text:"100 million years. First star began to shine."
 at: 88  text:"600 million years ~Formation of the first galaxy"
 at: 90   text:"One billion years"
 at: 96  text:"4 billion years ~earliest  Population I stars"
 at:100  text:"9.1 billion years Formation of Earth~and Sun"
 at:101 mark:(line,magenta)  text:"13.7 billion years, the present day"
  1. at:102 shift:(30,10) text:"16.7 billion years Collision of Milky Way and~Andromeda galaxies"
 at:103  shift:(30,0)  text:"19.1 billion years. Sun becomes a red giant ~and shortly thereafter a white dwarf"
 at:120  text:"One trillion years"
 at:140  text:"Formation of new stars ceases.~Stars cease to fuse. "
 at:150  text:"One quadrillion years. ~Solar systems no longer exist. Planets flung ~out of orbit or consumed by larger bodies.~Sun has become a~black dwarf."
 at:180  text:"One quintillion years"
 at:195  text:"Galaxies no longer exist. Stars flung out of orbit ~or consumed by black holes."  mark:(line,white)

</timeline>

See also



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