Biography:Alexander Shlyakhter
Alexander Isaakovich Shlyakhter (Russian: Александр Исаакович Шляхтер; died June 2000) was a Russian nuclear physicist and risk analyst. Shlyakhter is best known for discovering empirical evidence for the constancy of fundamental constants. While still a student in Leningrad, he observed that the products of past nuclear reactions at a natural nuclear fission reactor at Oklo, Gabon demonstrate that the fine-structure constant α has changed less than 10−17 per year over the last two billion years.[1][2][3] He published the finding in a letter to Nature in 1976.[4] Freeman Dyson later wrote that Shlyakhter had "revolutionized the subject" of variation in physical constants.[5]
In 1987 Shlyakhter became a research fellow in Richard Wilson's laboratory at Harvard University.[6] His later work was in risk assessment, and included notable analyses of global warming,[7] nuclear security[8][6] and the Chernobyl disaster.[9][10] He died of cancer in June 2000.[1]
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 Barrow, John D. (2003) (in en). The Constants of Nature: From Alpha to Omega. London: Vintage Books. pp. 239–245. ISBN 9780099286479. https://books.google.com/books?id=mvz3C4JrNjgC&pg=PA239.
- ↑ Uzan, Jean-Philippe; Leclercq, Bénédicte (2010), The Natural Laws of the Universe: Understanding Fundamental Constants, Springer, p. 84, ISBN 9780387740812, Bibcode: 2008nlu..book.....U, https://books.google.com/books?id=ym_soVOBAxAC&pg=PA84
- ↑ Fujii, Yasunori (2004). "Oklo Constraint on the Time-Variability of the Fine-Structure Constant". in Karshenboim, Savely G. (in en). Astrophysics, Clocks and Fundamental Constants. Berlin: Springer-Verlag. pp. 167–184. ISBN 9783540219675. https://books.google.com/books?id=sGk05bF9KJEC&pg=PA168.
- ↑ Shlyakhter, Alexander (1976). "Direct test of the constancy of fundamental nuclear constants" (in en). Nature 264 (5584): 340. doi:10.1038/264340a0. Bibcode: 1976Natur.264..340S.
- ↑ Dyson, Freeman J. (1996), Selected Papers of Freeman Dyson with Commentary, Collected Works Series, 5, American Mathematical Society, p. 45, ISBN 9780821805619, https://books.google.com/books?id=nnyNUidX1OMC&pg=PA45
- ↑ 6.0 6.1 Wilson, Richard (2011) (in en). Physics is Fun: Memoirs of a Life in Physics. ISBN 9780615421582. https://books.google.com/books?id=ghWUFfDW3foC&pg=PT413.
- ↑ Shlyakhter, Alexander; Kammen, Daniel M. (1992). "Sea-level rise or fall?" (in en). Nature 357 (6373): 25. doi:10.1038/357025a0. Bibcode: 1992Natur.357Q..25S.
- ↑ Shlyakhter, Alexander; Wilson, Richard (1991). "Radiation doses and cancer" (in en). Nature 350 (6313): 25. doi:10.1038/350025b0. PMID 2002841. Bibcode: 1991Natur.350...25S.
- ↑ Shlyakhter, Alexander; Wilson, Richard (1992). "Chernobyl: the inevitable results of secrecy" (in en). Public Understanding of Science 1 (3): 251–259. doi:10.1088/0963-6625/1/3/002.
- ↑ Osnos, Evan (2011-10-12). "Faust, China, and Nuclear Power". http://www.newyorker.com/news/evan-osnos/faust-china-and-nuclear-power.
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