Biography:Egil Hylleraas
Egil Hylleraas | |
|---|---|
 1934 at London | |
| Born | Egil Andersen Aalborg May 15, 1898 Engerdal, Sweden–Norway |
| Died | October 28, 1965 (aged 67) Oslo, Norway |
| Education | University of Oslo |
| Known for | Solving the helium atom |
| Scientific career | |
| Fields | Theoretical Physics Quantum mechanics |
| Institutions | Christian Michelson Institute, Bergen University of Oslo |
| Doctoral advisor | Lars Vegard[1] |
| Other academic advisors | Max Born |
Egil Andersen Hylleraas (May 15, 1898 – October 28, 1965) was a Norwegian theoretical physicist known for creating a method for predicting the ground state energy of two-electron atoms and trial wave functions for many-electron atoms.
Biography
Hylleraas was born in the town of Hylleråsen in the Engerdal Municipality of Sweden–Norway (now Norway) in 1898.[2] Hylleraas was the youngest of ten children.[2] His parents were teachers and farmers. The family name of Hylleraas is Aalborg, but he decided to take on the name of the farm Hylleraas.[3]
He worked as a logger until 1916 where he attended secondary school in Oslo. In 1918, he enrolled in the University of Oslo majoring in physics and studied there until 1924.[2] He later worked as a school teacher.[2] He conducted research under Lars Vegard on crystallography while at Oslo.[1][4]
Hylleraas's work on crystallography attracted the attention of Max Born, who invited him to join him at the University of Göttingen.[2] Hylleraas worked there on quantum mechanics and on the helium atom.[2] In 1929, he published his solution to the helium atom which matched experimental values, confirming the validity of quantum mechanics for many-electron atoms.[2]
He married Magda Christiansen in 1926. They had a daughter Inger in 1927, who later married the folklorist Olav Bø.[2][5]
In 1931, he took a position at the Christian Michelsen Institute in Bergen, and in 1937 he was offered a professor position at the University of Oslo.[2]
Hylleraas was one of the founding fathers of CERN and represented Norway at the European Council for Nuclear Research,[6][non-primary source needed] which later led to the organization's establishment.
He died in 1965 from a heart attack in Oslo.[2][7]
Many-electrons research
In his journal Reminiscences,[8][non-primary source needed] Hylleraas referred to 1925–1930 as the Golden Age of atomic physics. It was when Bohr's theory of the atom was replaced by the new theory of quantum mechanics. By 1926, the one-electron hydrogen had been solved, and Werner Heisenberg had formulated the two-electron helium problem quantum mechanically. A simple first-order perturbation treatment still yielded considerably increased ionization potential for error with experimental measurement.[9] Max Born considered it crucial for quantum mechanics to provide a result in better agreement with experiments.
Awards
- Gunnerus Medal (1960)[10]
Selected publications
- Hylleraas, Egil A. (1928). "Über den Grundzustand des Heliumatoms". Zeitschrift für Physik 48 (7–8): 469–494. doi:10.1007/BF01340013. Bibcode: 1928ZPhy...48..469H.
- Hylleraas, Egil A. (1929). "Neue Berechnung der Energie des Heliums im Grundzustande, sowie des tiefsten Terms von Ortho-Helium". Zeitschrift für Physik 54 (5–6): 347–366. doi:10.1007/BF01375457. Bibcode: 1929ZPhy...54..347H. (over 1830 citations)
- Hylleraas, Egil A. (1930). "Über den Grundterm der Zweielektronenprobleme von H–, He, Li+, Be++ usw". Zeitschrift für Physik 65 (3–4): 209–225. doi:10.1007/BF01397032. Bibcode: 1930ZPhy...65..209H.
- Hylleraas, Egil A.; Undheim, Bjarne (1930). "Numerische Berechnung der 2S-Terme von Ortho- und Par-Helium". Zeitschrift für Physik 65 (11–12): 759–772. doi:10.1007/BF01397263. Bibcode: 1930ZPhy...65..759H.
- Hylleraas, Egil A. (1931). "Über die Elektronenterme des Wasserstoffmoleküls". Zeitschrift für Physik 71 (11–12): 739–763. doi:10.1007/BF01344443. Bibcode: 1931ZPhy...71..739H.
- Hylleraas, Egil A.; Ore, Aadne (1947). "Binding Energy of the Positronium Molecule". Physical Review 71 (8): 493–496. doi:10.1103/PhysRev.71.493. Bibcode: 1947PhRv...71..493H.
- Hylleraas, Egil A. (1963). "On the inversion of eigenvalue problems". Annals of Physics 25 (3): 309–324. doi:10.1016/0003-4916(63)90016-2. Bibcode: 1963AnPhy..25..309H.
- Hylleraas, Egil Andersen (1963). Resonance Method in Scattering Theory. Aerospace Research Laboratories, Office of Aerospace Research, United States Air Force. https://books.google.com/books?id=nywmCJNiCOcC; 21 pages
- Hylleraas, Egil A. (1964). The Schrödinger Two-Electron Atomic Problem. Advances in Quantum Chemistry. 1. pp. 1–33. doi:10.1016/S0065-3276(08)60373-1. ISBN 9780120348015.
See also
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 Pedersen, Bjørn (2011). "Physical Science in Oslo" (in en). Physics in Perspective 13 (2): 215–238. doi:10.1007/s00016-011-0055-8. ISSN 1422-6944. http://link.springer.com/10.1007/s00016-011-0055-8.
- ↑ 2.00 2.01 2.02 2.03 2.04 2.05 2.06 2.07 2.08 2.09 "Short Biography of Egil A. Hylleraas". 2018. https://www.mn.uio.no/hylleraas/english/about/hylleraas/life-of-hylleraas.html.
- ↑ "Egil Andersen (Aalborg) Hylleraas, professor, kvantefysiker". https://www.hitterslekt.no/getperson.php?personID=I45418.
- ↑ Hylleraas, Egil (1926). "Die Atomanordnung in den tetragonalen Kristallen von K2J2O8, Kaliummetaperjodat" (in de). Zeitschrift für Physik 39 (4): 308–321. doi:10.1007/BF01322016. ISSN 1434-6001. http://link.springer.com/10.1007/BF01322016.
- ↑ Espeland, Velle; Allkunne; Klungsøyr, Anne Berit (2026-09-14), "Olav Bø" (in no), Store norske leksikon, https://snl.no/Olav_B%C3%B8
- ↑ 2nd Session of the European Council for Nuclear Research : Minutes of the session (Report). CERN. October 15, 1952. CERN/GEN/2. https://cds.cern.ch/record/21161. Retrieved September 20, 2017.
- ↑ "Hylleraas, Egil Andersen | Encyclopedia.com". https://www.encyclopedia.com/science/dictionaries-thesauruses-pictures-and-press-releases/hylleraas-egil-andersen.
- ↑ Hylleraas, Egil A. (1963-07-01). "Reminiscences from Early Quantum Mechanics of Two-Electron Atoms" (in en). Reviews of Modern Physics 35 (3): 421–430. doi:10.1103/RevModPhys.35.421. ISSN 0034-6861. Bibcode: 1963RvMP...35..421H. https://link.aps.org/doi/10.1103/RevModPhys.35.421.
- ↑ Helgaker, Trygve; Klopper, Wim (2000-02-01). "Perspective on "Neue Berechnung der Energie des Heliums im Grundzustande, sowie des tiefsten Terms von Ortho-Helium"" (in en). Theoretical Chemistry Accounts 103 (3): 180–181. doi:10.1007/s002149900051. ISSN 1432-2234. https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s002149900051.
- ↑ "Innehavere av Gunnerusmedaljen". Archived from the original on May 21, 2012. https://web.archive.org/web/20120521225854/http://www.dknvs.no/priserutmerkelser/innehavere-av-gunnerusmedaljen/. Retrieved May 6, 2015.
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