Biography:Georges Giraud

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Short description: French mathematician (1889–1943)
Georges Giraud
Born(1889-07-22)22 July 1889[1]
Saint-Étienne[2]
Died16 March 1943(1943-03-16) (aged 53)
Bonny-sur-Loire
NationalityFrench
Alma materÉcole Normale Supérieure 1915
Known for
Awards
  • Prix Francœur (1919)
  • Prix Gustave Roux (1923)
  • Hirn Foundation prize (1925 and 1935)
  • Grand Prix for mathematical sciences (1928)
  • Prix Houllevigue (1930)
  • Lasserre foundation prize (1930)
  • Prix Saintour (1933)
  • Prize of the Annali della Reale Scuola Normale Superiore di Pisa (1935)
Scientific career
InstitutionsUniversité Clermont-Ferrand (now Université Blaise Pascal).
Doctoral advisorCharles Émile Picard

Georges Julien Giraud[3] (22 July 1889[1] – 16 March 1943) was a French mathematician, working in potential theory, partial differential equations, singular integrals and singular integral equations:[4] he is mainly known for his solution of the regular oblique derivative problem and also for his extension to n–dimensional (n ≥ 2) singular integral equations of the concept of symbol of a singular integral, previously introduced by Solomon Mikhlin.[5]

Biography

Honors

Georges Giraud a été plusieurs fois lauréat de notre Académie.[6]
—Élie Cartan, (Cartan 1943).

The scientific work of Georges Giraud was widely acknowledged and earned him several prizes, mainly, but not exclusively, awarded him by the French Academy of Sciences: he was seven times recipient of academy prizes.

In 1919, he was awarded the "Prix Francœur" for his work on the theory of automorphic functions:[7] the members of the commission who examined his work and nominated him were Camille Jordan, Paul Appell, Marie Georges Humbert, Jacques Hadamard, Édouard Goursat, Joseph Boussinesq, Léon Lecornu and Emile Picard (the relator).[8] For the same motivation,[9] On 17 December 1923 he was awarded the "Gustave Roux" prize.[10]

In 1924 he won the Hirn Foundation Prize, for his whole scientific work:[11] he won again the same prize in 1935,[12] for his work on singularities of boundary value problems in the theory of partial differential equations.[13]

In 1928 Giraud won the "Grand Prix des sciences Mathématiques" for his work in the theory of partial differential equations:[14] for the same motivation, in 1930 he was also awarded the "Prix Houllevigue".[15] In the same year, he was also awarded the prize of the Lasserre foundation.[16]

In 1933 he was recipient of the Prix Saintour, for his work on partial differential and integral equations.[17]

Finally, in 1935, apart from winning the Hirn foundation prize for a second time,[12] he was awarded the prize of the Annali della Reale Scuola Normale Superiore di Pisa, equally divided between him, Guido Ascoli and Pietro Buzano:[18] the members of the jury who awarded ex-aequo the prize were Guido Fubini, Mauro Picone and Giovanni Sansone.[19]

On 14 December 1936, following up a proposal Jacques Hadamard made since 1931,[20] he was elected corresponding member of the French Academy of Sciences.[21]

He was also a member of the Société Mathématique de France from 1913 to his death.[22]

Selected publications

Articles

Books

See also

Notes

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 According to the brief commemoration by (Bertrand 1943b): the "Istituto dell'Enciclopedia Italiana|2008}}|Georges Giraud" entry in the Enciclopedia Treccani states that he was born on 11 July 1889, and (Tampieri 2014) uses this source.
  2. ↑ According to (Bertrand 1943b) and to the "Istituto dell'Enciclopedia Italiana|2008}}|Georges Giraud" entry in the Enciclopedia Treccani.
  3. ↑ According to the Les Secrétaires Perpétuelles|1939}}|year 1939 list of corresponding members of the "Geometry" section of the French Academy, this was his full name: however, he simply sign himself as "Georges Giraud" in all his scientific works.
  4. ↑ See (Tricomi 1967) and (Tampieri 2014).
  5. ↑ He announced his results in the short communication (Giraud 1936), without proof and acknowledging the previous work of Mikhlin. As a matter of fact, it was Mikhlin who gave the first proofs of these formulas, completing his work on the 2-dimensional theory: see (Mikhlin 1965) or the entry "Singular integrals" for a comprehensive historical survey.
  6. ↑ (English translation): "Georges Giraud was several times recipient of our Academy".
  7. ↑ See the Les Secrétaires Perpétuelles|1919}}|22 December 1919 relation on the Prix Francœur in the "Comptes rendus".
  8. ↑ Ibid. (Les Secrétaires Perpétuelles|1919}}|1919, p. 1202).
  9. ↑ See the Les Secrétaires Perpétuelles|1923}}|17 December 1923 relation on the Prix Gustave Roux in the "Comptes rendus", and reference (AMS 1924).
  10. ↑ According to the Les Secrétaires Perpétuelles|1923}}|17 December 1923 relation on the Prix Gustave Roux in the "Comptes rendus", the members of the examining commission were Albin Haller, Guillaume Bigourdan, Antoine Lacroix, Léon Guignard, Paul Appell, and Emile Picard again as the relator.
  11. ↑ See the Les Secrétaires Perpétuelles|1924}}|22 December 1924 relation on the Hirn Foundation prize in the "Comptes rendus", and reference (AMS 1925). According to the first reference, the amount of the prize was 2500 French francs.
  12. ↑ 12.0 12.1 See the Les Secrétaires Perpétuelles|1935}}|16 December 1935 relation on the Hirn Foundation prize in the "Comptes rendus", and reference (AMS 1936).
  13. ↑ "..., pour sex travaux sul les singularités dans les problèmes aux limites de la théorie des équations aux dérivées partielles", as it is precisely stated in the Les Secrétaires Perpétuelles|1935}}|relation on the 1935 Hirn Foundation prize.
  14. ↑ See the Les Secrétaires Perpétuelles|1928}}|17 December 1928 relation on the Gran Prix des sciences mathématiques in the "Comptes rendus", and reference (AMS 1929).
  15. ↑ See the Les Secrétaires Perpétuelles|1930}}|15 December 1930 relation on the Prix Houllevigue in the "Comptes rendus", and reference (AMS 1931).
  16. ↑ See (AMS 1931).
  17. ↑ See the Les Secrétaires Perpétuelles|1933}}|11 December 1933 relation on the Prix Saintour in the "Comptes rendus", and reference (AMS 1934).
  18. ↑ See (AMS 1936) and (Tonelli 1936).
  19. ↑ According to (Tonelli 1936), who reports excerpts from the conclusive relation of the jury. (Tonelli 1936) states also that the amount of the prize awarded to each of the three winners was 2000 Italian Liras.
  20. ↑ See (Tampieri 2014). Precisely, Jacques Hadamard presented Giraud for the election as corresponding member of the French Academy for three times, the first two being on 12 and on 26 January 1931.
  21. ↑ See the obituary notices by (Cartan 1943), (Bertrand 1943b) and (Tampieri 2014), and also the Les Secrétaires Perpétuelles|1930}}|14 December 1936 announcement of his election reporting the detailed election results.
  22. ↑ See reference (SMF 1946).

References

Biographical references

General references

References describing the scientific contributions of Giraud

  • Mikhlin, Solomon G. (1965), Multidimensional singular integrals and integral equations, International Series of Monographs in Pure and Applied Mathematics, 83, Oxford-London-Edinburgh-New York-Paris-Frankfurt: Pergamon Press, pp. XII+255 . A masterpiece in the multidimensional theory of singular integrals and singular integral equations summarizing all the results from the beginning to the year of publication, and also sketching the history of the subject.
  • Miranda, Carlo (1955) (in it), Equazioni alle derivate parziali di tipo ellittico, Ergebnisse der Mathematik und ihrer Grenzgebiete – Neue Folge, Heft 2 (1st ed.), Berlin – Göttingen – New York: Springer Verlag, pp. VIII+222 .
  • Miranda, Carlo (1970), Partial Differential Equations of Elliptic Type, Ergebnisse der Mathematik und ihrer Grenzgebiete – 2 Folge, Band 2 (2nd Revised ed.), Berlin – Heidelberg – New York: Springer Verlag, pp. XII+370, doi:10.1007/978-3-642-87773-5, ISBN 978-3-540-04804-6 .
  • Prössdorf, S. (1991), "Linear Integral Equations", in Maz'ya, V. G.; Nikol'skiǐ, S. M., Analysis IV, Encyclopaedia of Mathematical Sciences, 27, Berlin–Heidelberg–New York: Springer-Verlag, pp. 1–125, ISBN 0-387-51997-1  (also available as ISBN:3-540-51997-1).
  • Tricomi, Francesco G. (1967) (in it), La mia vita di matematico attraverso la cronistoria dei miei lavori. (Bibliografia commentata 1916–1967), Padova: CEDAM – Casa Editrice Dott. Antonio Milani, pp. XII+172, ISBN 978-88-13-32679-1 , is an annotated bibliography written by Francesco Tricomi in order to give a complete survey of his scientific work.



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