Biography:Lisa Pratt

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Short description: Astrobiologist
Lisa Pratt
Lisa M Pratt.jpg
Pratt teaching a geology field course in 2007
7th NASA Planetary Protection Officer
In office
2018–2021
PresidentDonald Trump
Joe Biden
Preceded byCatharine Conley
Succeeded byJ. Nick Benardini
Personal details
BornRochester, Minnesota, U.S.
NationalityAmerican
Spouse(s)Bruce Douglas
Alma mater
OccupationPlanetary Protection Officer at NASA
Scientific career
FieldsAstrobiology, Biogeochemistry, Organic geochemistry, Petroleum geochemistry
Institutions
ThesisA paleo-oceanographic interpretation of the sedimentary structures, clay minerals, and organic matter in a core of the Middle Cretaceous Greenhorn Formation drilled near Pueblo Colorado (1982)

Lisa Pratt is a biogeochemist and astrobiologist who previously served as the 7th Planetary Protection Officer for NASA from 2018 to 2021 under President Donald Trump. Her academic work as a student, professor, and researcher on organisms and their respective environments prepared her for the position, in which she was responsible for protecting the Earth and other planets in the solar system from traveling microbes. Originally, Pratt did not see a place for herself in science, but with encouragement from her academic mentors and family members along the way, she has been able to accomplish much work as a scientist.[1] She is currently a Provost Professor Emeritus of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences for Indiana University Bloomington

Early life and education

Lisa Pratt was born and raised in Rochester, Minnesota. At her high school in Minnesota, Pratt took a lot of science courses up until her senior year. However, when she began college, she was determined not to pursue a degree in science because she felt women were not welcome in the field. Her father had been a surgeon at the Mayo Clinic, and she noted that none of his peers were female-identifying.[1] Pratt first began her undergraduate education at Rollins College studying Spanish. However, she later transferred to University of North Carolina, where she began studying botany.[2]

Pratt received her Bachelor's of Arts in botany from the University of North Carolina in 1972.[3] In 1974 she received her Masters of Science from the University of Illinois in Botany. Pratt later entered the field of geology by earning her Masters of Science from the University of North Carolina in 1978 and her Doctorate Degree from Princeton University in 1982.[4][5]

Academic career

After receiving her PhD in 1982, Pratt held a post-doctoral fellowship for two years at the U.S. Geological Survey in Denver and stayed on for an additional five years as a Research Geologist in the U.S.G.S. Branch of Petroleum Geology before leaving Colorado for a junior professorship in biogeochemistry at Indiana University in 1987 to help train young scientists for careers in the petroleum exploration and extraction industry.[3]

She currently serves as a Provost Professor Emeritus of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences for Indiana University Bloomington where she has been a faculty member since 1987.[6] Since joining Indiana University's faculty, Pratt has focused her research on how extreme environments effect the microorganisms within them.[7]

Projects

When Pratt was a doctoral student, her work focused on the periods of time when Earth's oceans were starved for oxygen, which led to oceanic anoxic events that led to the creation of black sediment deposits. In doing so, she looked at the geological record of planet Earth to better understand what had taken place millions of years ago. Later, as Pratt was completing her post-doctoral work at the U.S. Geological Survey in Denver, she was brought on for a project in which she studied microorganisms in the extreme heat of active African gold mines.[7] This was significant as it led to NASA looking to bring Pratt in to help study the microorganisms effected on their future projects.[7] This project led to NASA funding one of her projects In 2011, in which she received a $2.4 million grant from NASA's Astrobiology Science and Technology for Exploring Planets program to study microorganisms on the Greenland Ice Sheet.[8]

While Pratt has been a faculty member for Indiana University at Bloomington since 1987, she has a history of working with NASA since the early 2000s. She served as a team director at the NASA Astrobiology Institute from 2003 to 2008. Pratt also served as a chair for NASA's Mars Exploration Program Analysis from 2013 to 2016, and currently serves as a chair for the Return Sample Science Board for the Mars 2020 Rover mission.[4]

In June 2017, the application for the position of Planetary Protection Officer was posted, but Pratt was hesitant to apply. She says that encouragement from her daughter led to her submitting her name,[9] and on February 5, 2018, Pratt was also brought on to serve as the Planetary Protection Officer for NASA, leaving her role as Indiana University's College of Arts and Sciences dean to do so.[10] She was one out of a rumored 1,400 applicants who very vying for the position to actually attain it. She had two responsibilities at NASA: first, protecting the Earth in event of extraterrestrial involvement, and second, ensuring that Earth's microbes do not travel and impact other planets in the solar system.[11] Her research at NASA focuses on the developing the tools and techniques needed to avoid organic-constituent and biological contamination during either human or robotic missions. Additionally, Pratt was responsible for updating planetary policies in response to changing federal legislation.[12]

In May 2021, President Biden announced the appointment of J. Nick Benardini to replace Pratt as Planetary Protection Officer effective the following month.[13][14]

Awards and honors

  • Bicentennial Medal at Indiana University (2020)[15]
  • President's Medal for Excellence at Indiana University (2018)[16]
  • National Association of Science Teachers, Shell Science Seminar Featured Speaker, 2015  
  • Phi Beta Kappa Triennial Council Meeting, featured lecture, 2012[17]
  • Fellow Geological Society of America, 2010[18]
  • Phi Beta Kappa Visiting Scholar, 2009-2011[19]
  • Indiana University College of Arts and Sciences Alumni, Distinguished Faculty Member, 2003[20]
  • American Association of Petroleum Geologists, Eastern Section, Outstanding Educator, 2002[21]
  • Association of Women Geoscientists, Outstanding Educator, 1997[22]
  • Distinguished Lecturer, American Association Petroleum Geologists, 1990-1991[23]
  • Matson Award American Association of Petroleum Geologist, 1986[24]
  • National Research Council Post-Doctoral Fellow 1982-1984[6]

Audio/Video interviews

  • Kaplan, Mat (October 7, 2020). Protectors of Earth! (and Other Worlds). Planetary Radio.
  • Green, Jim (July 17, 2020). "She Protects Other Planets from Our Germs" (Podcast). Gravity Assist. No. Season 4, Episode 13. NASA.
  • Kaplan, Mat (June 2, 2019). H2M 2019: Mat Kaplan Interview: Lisa Pratt. Planetary Radio – via YouTube.
  • Lisa Pratt Saves the World. Indiana University News. February 19, 2018 – via YouTube.

References

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 Reschke, Michael (February 4, 2018). "Indiana University professor is NASA's planetary protector". South Bend Tribune. Bloomington Herald-Times. https://www.southbendtribune.com/news/local/indiana-university-professor-is-nasa-s-planetary-protector/article_4d8aae04-2315-521e-ba8a-43a2a046c258.html. 
  2. ↑ Bahr, Sarah (2018-08-09). "AMA: Lisa Pratt, NASA Planetary Protection Officer" (in en-US). Indianapolis Monthly. https://www.indianapolismonthly.com/news-opinion/ama-lisa-pratt-nasa-planetary-protection-officer/. 
  3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 Katz, Barry J.; Pratt, Lisa M., eds (1993). "About the Editors". SG 37: Source Rocks in a Sequence Stratigraphic Framework. 33. American Association of Petroleum Geologists. http://archives.datapages.com/data/specpubs/geochem1/data/a033/a033/0001/0000/iii.htm. 
  4. ↑ 4.0 4.1 Fryling, Kevin (2018-01-18). "IU astrobiologist named NASA planetary protection officer" (in en-US). News at IU (Indiana University). https://news.iu.edu/stories/2018/01/iub/releases/18-lisa-pratt-planetary-protection-officer.html. 
  5. ↑ Pratt, Lisa Mary (1982). A paleo-oceanographic interpretation of the sedimentary structures, clay minerals, and organic matter in a core of the Middle Cretaceous Greenhorn Formation drilled near Pueblo Colorado (Ph.D. thesis). Princeton University. OCLC 10152385. ProQuest 303238227.
  6. ↑ 6.0 6.1 "Department of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences Indiana University". http://earth.indiana.edu/pratt/index.html. 
  7. ↑ 7.0 7.1 7.2 Chance, Brooklyn. "IU astrobiologist's new position with NASA is 'out of this world'" (in en-US). News at IU. https://news.iu.edu/stories/2018/02/iub/inside/20-astrobiologist-new-position-with-nasa.html. 
  8. ↑ "Lisa Pratt *82 Begins New Role as NASA's Planetary Protection Officer" (in en). Princeton Alumni Weekly. 2018-02-14. https://paw.princeton.edu/article/lisa-pratt-82-begins-new-role-nasas-planetary-protection-officer. 
  9. ↑ "AMA: Lisa Pratt, NASA Planetary Protection Officer" (in en-US). 2018-08-09. https://www.indianapolismonthly.com/news-opinion/ama-lisa-pratt-nasa-planetary-protection-officer/. 
  10. ↑ "NASA's new planetary protection officer says she doesn't want 'another red Roadster up there in orbit'". Business Insider. https://www.businessinsider.com/nasa-planetary-protection-officer-lisa-pratt-spacex-roadster-orbit-2018-2. 
  11. ↑ "Planetary Protection". https://sma.nasa.gov/sma-disciplines/planetary-protection. 
  12. ↑ "NASA Planetary Protection: Organizational Structure and Policies". https://sma.nasa.gov/docs/default-source/event-docs/trilateral-2018/pratt_planetary-protection.pdf?sfvrsn=fe2cf0f8_4. 
  13. ↑ "NASA Announces New Planetary Protection Officer". NASA. May 27, 2021. https://sma.nasa.gov/news/articles/newsitem/2021/05/27/nasa-announces-new-planetary-protection-officer. 
  14. ↑ Smith, Marcia (July 6, 2021). "Biden's OSTP Gets Commercial Input on Planetary Protection". Space Policy Online. https://spacepolicyonline.com/news/bidens-ostp-gets-commercial-input-on-planetary-protection/. 
  15. ↑ "University Honors & Awards: Lisa M. Pratt". Indiana University. https://honorsandawards.iu.edu/awards/honoree/2057.html. 
  16. ↑ "Honoree: Search Awards: University Honors & Awards: Indiana University". Indiana University. https://honorsandawards.iu.edu/search-awards/honoree.shtml?honoreeID=2057. 
  17. ↑ "Council Bulletin". Phi Beta Kappa. August 2–4, 2012. https://www.pbk.org/Files/Triennial/43rd_Council_Bulletin. 
  18. ↑ "GSA Fellowship". Geological Society of America. https://www.geosociety.org/GSA/About/awards/GSA_Fellows/GSA/Awards/Fellows.aspx. 
  19. ↑ "Phi Beta Kappa Visiting Scholars 1956-57- 2016-2017". Phi Beta Kappa. https://www.pbk.org/Files/Visiting-Scholar/vscumulative_list. 
  20. ↑ "Alumni Recognition". Indiana University Bloomington. https://college.indiana.edu/alumni-giving/recognition/index.html. 
  21. ↑ "Outstanding Educator Award". Honors and Awards Ceremony. AAPG Eastern Section. 2017. p. 13. https://www.esaapg.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/05/ESAAPG_HonorsAwards_2017.pdf. 
  22. ↑ "About People". Geotimes. American Geosciences Institute. December 1997. http://www.geotimes.org/peodec7.html. 
  23. ↑ "Faculty News". Hoosier Geological Record. December 1990. p. 11. https://earth.indiana.edu/documents/HGR-1990-December.pdf. 
  24. ↑ "George C. Matson Memorial Award". American Association of Petroleum Geologists. https://www.aapg.org/about/aapg/overview/honors-and-awards/association/paper-awards/matson. 
Government offices
Preceded by
Catharine Conley 		7th NASA Planetary Protection Officer
2018 – 2021 		Succeeded by
J. Nick Benardini



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