Biography:Paul M. Sharp

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Paul Sharp

Template:Post-nominal
Born
Paul Martin Sharp

(1957-09-12) 12 September 1957 (age 66)[1]
Alma materUniversity of Edinburgh (BSc, PhD)
Known for
AwardsEMBO Member (1992)[5]
Scientific career
Fields
Institutions
ThesisQuantitative genetics of Drosophila melanogaster - variation in male mating ability (1982)
Doctoral advisorAlan Robertson[8]
Notable studentsDesmond G. Higgins (postdoc)[9]
Websitewww.research.ed.ac.uk/portal/en/persons/paul-sharp(ed91461c-d4f2-497d-8621-2ec9be212726).html

Paul Martin Sharp (born 1957)[1] FRS FRSE MRIA[10][11] is Professor of Genetics at the University of Edinburgh, where he holds the Alan Robertson chair of genetics in the Institute of Evolutionary Biology.[12][13][14][15]

Education

Sharp was educated at the University of Edinburgh where he was awarded a Bachelor of Science degree in 1979[1][16] followed by a PhD in 1982 for research using quantitative genetics on the fruit fly Drosophila melanogaster supervised by Alan Robertson.[12][8]

Career and research

Sharp has held academic posts at Trinity College, Dublin from 1982 to 1993,[7] the University of Nottingham from 1993 to 2007[7] and was appointed Professor at the University of Edinburgh in 2007.[7]

Sharp's research investigates the evolutionary origin of bacteria and viruses.[10][17][18] He has carried out important work into the origin of HIV and its transmission from chimpanzees to humans. He also discovered that the human malaria parasite, Plasmodium, originated in gorillas.[10] He was one of the first researchers to use DNA sequence databases to gain insight into evolutionary processes. His work amplifying DNA from chimpanzee faecal samples showed that HIV type 1 was transmitted to humans from a specific chimp population in West Africa in the early 20th century. Paul went on to examine his collection of ape faecal samples for plasmodium parasites, finding a likely candidate for the form that causes malaria in humans.[10][19]

In the eighties, Sharp collaborated with Desmond G. Higgins during the creation of CLUSTAL,[2][3] a suite of multiple sequence alignment programs that have become widely used and highly influential.[20] His research has been funded by the Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council (BBSRC).[21] His former doctoral students include Kenneth H. Wolfe.

Awards and honours

Sharp was elected member of the European Molecular Biology Organization (EMBO) in 1992,[5] and was President of the Society for Molecular Biology and Evolution[when?]. He was elected member of the Royal Irish Academy in 1993,[16] a Fellow of the Royal Society of Edinburgh (FRSE) in 2010[11] and a Fellow of the Royal Society (FRS) in 2013.[10]

Personal life

Sharps's entry in Who's Who lists his recreations as hill walking, pteridology and, since 1967, supporting Nottingham Forest Football Club.[1]

References

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 Anon (2016). "Sharp, Prof. Paul Martin". Who's Who (online Oxford University Press ed.). A & C Black, an imprint of Bloomsbury Publishing plc. doi:10.1093/ww/9780199540884.013.271679. https://www.ukwhoswho.com/view/article/oupww/whoswho/U271679.  (subscription or UK public library membership required) (Subscription content?)
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 Higgins, Desmond G.; Sharp, Paul M. (1988). "CLUSTAL: a package for performing multiple sequence alignment on a microcomputer". Gene 73 (1): 237–244. doi:10.1016/0378-1119(88)90330-7. PMID 3243435. 
  3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 Higgins, Desmond G.; Sharp, Paul M. (1989). "Fast and sensitive multiple sequence alignments on a microcomputer". Bioinformatics 5 (2): 151–153. doi:10.1093/bioinformatics/5.2.151. PMID 2720464. 
  4. ↑ 4.0 4.1 Sharp, Paul M.; Li, Wen-Hsiung (1987). "The codon adaptation index-a measure of directional synonymous codon usage bias, and its potential applications". Nucleic Acids Research 15 (3): 1281–1295. doi:10.1093/nar/15.3.1281. PMID 3547335. 
  5. ↑ 5.0 5.1 "Paul M. Sharp University of Edinburgh, United Kingdom". Hedelberg: EMBO. Archived from the original on 2016-01-19. https://web.archive.org/web/20160119102001/http://people.embo.org/profile/paul-m-sharp. 
  6. ↑ {{Google Scholar id}} template missing ID and not present in Wikidata.
  7. ↑ 7.0 7.1 7.2 7.3 Paul Sharp's Entry at ORCID
  8. ↑ 8.0 8.1 Sharp, Paul Martin (1982). Quantitative genetics of Drosophila melanogaster : variation in male mating ability (PhD thesis). University of Edinburgh. hdl:1842/14397. OCLC 606022632. EThOS uk.bl.ethos.330579. open access
  9. ↑ "Paul M. Sharp: Computational Biology Tree". https://academictree.org/compbio/peopleinfo.php?pid=58293. 
  10. ↑ 10.0 10.1 10.2 10.3 10.4 Anon (2013). "Professor Paul Sharp FRS". London: Royal Society. Archived from the original on 2015-11-17. https://web.archive.org/web/20151117102803/https://royalsociety.org/people/paul-sharp-12262/.  One or more of the preceding sentences incorporates text from the royalsociety.org website where:
    “All text published under the heading 'Biography' on Fellow profile pages is available under Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.” --"Royal Society Terms, conditions and policies". Archived from the original on 25 September 2015. https://web.archive.org/web/20150925220834/https://royalsociety.org/about-us/terms-conditions-policies/. Retrieved 2016-03-09. 
  11. ↑ 11.0 11.1 "Royal Society of Edinburgh Fellows as of 2016-05-13". Edinburgh: Royal Society of Edinburgh. Archived from the original on 2016-03-30. https://web.archive.org/web/20160330014912/https://www.royalsoced.org.uk/cms/files/fellows/lists/fellows.pdf. 
  12. ↑ 12.0 12.1 "Professor Paul M. Sharp, FRS, FRSE, MRIA: Alan Robertson Chair of Genetics". Edinburgh: University of Edinburgh. Archived from the original on 2016-04-12. https://web.archive.org/web/20160412152242/http://www.research.ed.ac.uk/portal/en/persons/paul-sharp(ed91461c-d4f2-497d-8621-2ec9be212726).html. 
  13. ↑ Sharp, P. M.; Hahn, B. H. (2011). "Origins of HIV and the AIDS Pandemic". Cold Spring Harbor Perspectives in Medicine 1 (1): a006841. doi:10.1101/cshperspect.a006841. PMID 22229120. 
  14. ↑ "Staff profiles: Institute of Evolutionary Biology". Edinburgh: University of Edinburgh. Archived from the original on 2015-09-17. https://web.archive.org/web/20150917062838/http://www.ed.ac.uk/biology/evolutionary-biology/staff-profiles. 
  15. ↑ Paul M. Sharp publications from Europe PubMed Central
  16. ↑ 16.0 16.1 "Paul Martin Sharp BSc, PhD (Edin 1979, 1982). FRS, FRSE". Dublin: Royal Irish Academy. Archived from the original on 2016-04-13. https://web.archive.org/web/20160413101949/https://www.ria.ie/paul-martin-sharp. 
  17. ↑ Paul M. Sharp publications indexed by the Scopus bibliographic database. (Subscription content?)
  18. ↑ Hahn, Beatrice H.; Shaw, George M.; Cock, Kevin M. De; Sharp, Paul M. (2000). "AIDS as a Zoonosis: Scientific and Public Health Implications". Science 287 (5453): 607–614. doi:10.1126/science.287.5453.607. PMID 10649986. 
  19. ↑ Gao, Feng; Bailes, Elizabeth; Robertson, David L.; Chen, Yalu; Rodenburg, Cynthia M.; Michael, Scott F.; Cummins, Larry B.; Arthur, Larry O. et al. (1999). "Origin of HIV-1 in the chimpanzee Pan troglodytes troglodytes". Nature 397 (6718): 436–441. doi:10.1038/17130. PMID 9989410. 
  20. ↑ Van Noorden, R.; Maher, B.; Nuzzo, R. (2014). "The top 100 papers: Nature explores the most-cited research of all time". Nature 514 (7524): 550–3. doi:10.1038/514550a. PMID 25355343. 
  21. ↑ "UK Government grants awarded to Paul M. Sharp". Swindon: Research Councils UK. Archived from the original on 2016-04-12. https://web.archive.org/web/20160412153135/http://gtr.rcuk.ac.uk/person/D27A3252-BA7C-4734-BE17-FA922DA50EAE. 




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