Biology:2′-O-methylation
2′-O-methylation is a common nucleoside modification of RNA, where a methyl group is added to the 2′ hydroxyl of the ribose moiety of a nucleoside, producing a methoxy group. 2′-O-methylated nucleosides are mostly found in ribosomal RNA and small nuclear RNA and occur in the functionally essential regions of the ribosome and spliceosome.[1] Currently, about 1210 2′-O-methylations (2′-O-Me) have been identified in mammals and yeast and deposited in RMBase (RNA Modification Base) database.[2]
Having chemical properties intermediate between RNA and DNA, 2′-O-methylation is presumed to have been one of the reactive group of RNA molecules on early earth that would have given rise to DNA.[3]
Recently a novel method to map 2′-O ribose methylations by high throughput sequencing has been published.[4] The method is quantitative and maps all modifications in a single experiment.
See also
References
- ↑ "Small nucleolar RNA-guided post-transcriptional modification of cellular RNAs". EMBO J. 20 (14): 3617–3622. 2001. doi:10.1093/emboj/20.14.3617. PMID 11447102.
- ↑ "RMBase: a resource for decoding the landscape of RNA modifications from high-throughput sequencing data.". Nucleic Acids Research 44 (D1): D259–265. 4 January 2016. doi:10.1093/nar/gkv1036. PMID 26464443.
- ↑ "Reviving the RNA World: An Insight into the Appearance of RNA Methyltransferases". Frontiers in Genetics 7: 99. 2016. doi:10.3389/fgene.2016.00099. PMID 27375676.
- ↑ "Profiling of Ribose Methylations in RNA by High-Throughput Sequencing". Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 54 (2): 451–455. 2015. doi:10.1002/anie.201408362. PMID 25417815.
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