Biology:AKT3
From HandWiki
Short description: Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens
 Generic protein structure example |
RAC-gamma serine/threonine-protein kinase is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the AKT3 gene.[1][2]
Function
The protein encoded by this gene is a member of the AKT subfamily of serine/threonine protein kinases. AKT kinases are known to be regulators of cell signaling in response to insulin and growth factors. They are involved in a wide variety of biological processes including cell proliferation, differentiation, apoptosis, tumorigenesis, as well as glycogen synthesis and glucose uptake. This kinase has been shown to be stimulated by platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF), insulin, and insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF1). Alternatively splice transcript variants encoding distinct isoforms have been described.[3] Mice lacking Akt3 have a normal glucose metabolism (no diabetes), have approximately normal body weight, but have a 25% reduction in brain mass. Incidentally, Akt3 is highly expressed in the brain.
Interactions
AKT3 has been shown to interact with Protein kinase Mζ.[4]
References
- ↑ "A human protein kinase Bgamma with regulatory phosphorylation sites in the activation loop and in the C-terminal hydrophobic domain". J Biol Chem 274 (14): 9133–6. Apr 1999. doi:10.1074/jbc.274.14.9133. PMID 10092583.
- ↑ "Identification of a human Akt3 (protein kinase B gamma) which contains the regulatory serine phosphorylation site". Biochem Biophys Res Commun 257 (3): 906–10. Jun 1999. doi:10.1006/bbrc.1999.0559. PMID 10208883.
- ↑ "Entrez Gene: AKT3 v-akt murine thymoma viral oncogene homolog 3 (protein kinase B, gamma)". https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?Db=gene&Cmd=ShowDetailView&TermToSearch=10000.
- ↑ "Characterization of PDK2 activity against protein kinase B gamma". Biochemistry 41 (32): 10351–9. 2002. doi:10.1021/bi026065r. PMID 12162751.
Further reading
- "Identification of serine 643 of protein kinase C-delta as an important autophosphorylation site for its enzymatic activity.". J. Biol. Chem. 272 (39): 24550–5. 1997. doi:10.1074/jbc.272.39.24550. PMID 9305920. https://zenodo.org/record/894816.
- "Extracellular HIV-1 Tat protein activates phosphatidylinositol 3- and Akt/PKB kinases in CD4+ T lymphoblastoid Jurkat cells.". Eur. J. Immunol. 27 (11): 2805–11. 1998. doi:10.1002/eji.1830271110. PMID 9394803.
- "Activation of protein kinase B beta and gamma isoforms by insulin in vivo and by 3-phosphoinositide-dependent protein kinase-1 in vitro: comparison with protein kinase B alpha". Biochem. J. 331 ( Pt 1) (Pt 1): 299–308. 1998. doi:10.1042/bj3310299. PMID 9512493.
- "Up-regulation of Akt3 in estrogen receptor-deficient breast cancers and androgen-independent prostate cancer lines". J. Biol. Chem. 274 (31): 21528–32. 1999. doi:10.1074/jbc.274.31.21528. PMID 10419456.
- "Molecular cloning, expression and characterization of the human serine/threonine kinase Akt-3". Eur. J. Biochem. 265 (1): 353–60. 1999. doi:10.1046/j.1432-1327.1999.00774.x. PMID 10491192.
- "Mapping of AKT3, encoding a member of the Akt/protein kinase B family, to human and rodent chromosomes by fluorescence in situ hybridization". Cytogenet. Cell Genet. 88 (1–2): 38–40. 2000. doi:10.1159/000015481. PMID 10773662.
- "Expression of CX3CR1 chemokine receptors on neurons and their role in neuronal survival". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 97 (14): 8075–80. 2000. doi:10.1073/pnas.090017497. PMID 10869418. Bibcode: 2000PNAS...97.8075M.
- "DNA Cloning Using In Vitro Site-Specific Recombination". Genome Res. 10 (11): 1788–95. 2001. doi:10.1101/gr.143000. PMID 11076863.
- "HIV-1 Tat protein down-regulates CREB transcription factor expression in PC12 neuronal cells through a phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/AKT/cyclic nucleoside phosphodiesterase pathway". FASEB J. 15 (2): 483–91. 2001. doi:10.1096/fj.00-0354com. PMID 11156964.
- "Role of 14-3-3epsilon, c-Myc/Max, and Akt phosphorylation in HIV-1 gp 120-induced mesangial cell proliferation". Am. J. Physiol. Renal Physiol. 280 (2): F333–42. 2001. doi:10.1152/ajprenal.2001.280.2.F333. PMID 11208609.
- "Toward a Catalog of Human Genes and Proteins: Sequencing and Analysis of 500 Novel Complete Protein Coding Human cDNAs". Genome Res. 11 (3): 422–35. 2001. doi:10.1101/gr.GR1547R. PMID 11230166.
- "Enhanced stimulation of Akt-3/protein kinase B-gamma in human aortic smooth muscle cells". Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 283 (1): 158–63. 2001. doi:10.1006/bbrc.2001.4739. PMID 11322783.
- "Two splice variants of protein kinase B gamma have different regulatory capacity depending on the presence or absence of the regulatory phosphorylation site serine 472 in the carboxyl-terminal hydrophobic domain". J. Biol. Chem. 276 (31): 29550–8. 2001. doi:10.1074/jbc.M104633200. PMID 11387345.
- "Oncogenic transformation induced by membrane-targeted Akt2 and Akt3". Oncogene 20 (32): 4419–23. 2001. doi:10.1038/sj.onc.1204486. PMID 11466625.
- "AKT-1, -2, and -3 are expressed in both normal and tumor tissues of the lung, breast, prostate, and colon". Clin. Cancer Res. 7 (8): 2475–9. 2001. PMID 11489829.
- "Differential regulation of Akt kinase isoforms by the members of the TCL1 oncogene family". J. Biol. Chem. 277 (5): 3743–51. 2002. doi:10.1074/jbc.M107069200. PMID 11707444.
- "HIV-1-Tat protein activates phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/ AKT-dependent survival pathways in Kaposi's sarcoma cells". J. Biol. Chem. 277 (28): 25195–202. 2002. doi:10.1074/jbc.M200921200. PMID 11994280.
- "Characterization of PDK2 activity against protein kinase B gamma". Biochemistry 41 (32): 10351–9. 2002. doi:10.1021/bi026065r. PMID 12162751.
External links
- AKT3 human gene location in the UCSC Genome Browser.
- AKT3 human gene details in the UCSC Genome Browser.
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