Biology:Astragalus mongholicus

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Short description: Species of plant

Astragalus mongholicus
Astragalus membranaceus.jpg
Scientific classification edit
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Eudicots
Clade: Rosids
Order: Fabales
Family: Fabaceae
Subfamily: Faboideae
Genus: Astragalus
Species:
A. mongholicus
Binomial name
Astragalus mongholicus
Bunge[1]
Synonyms[1]
  • Phaca macrostachys Y.Z.Zhao
  • Astragalus membranaceus var. mandshuricus Nakai, not validly publ.
  • Astragalus membranaceus var. mongholicus (Bunge) P.K.Hsiao
  • Astragalus membranaceus f. propinquus (Schischk.) Kitag.
  • Fisch. ex Bunge, nom. cons. (Fisch. ex DC.) Podlech
  • (Fisch. ex DC.) X.Y.Zhu (Bunge) X.Y.Zhu
  • Schischk. Ledeb.
  • Turcz. (Fisch. ex Bunge) Kuntze
  • Tragacantha mongholica Astragalus propinquus var. glaber
  • Astragalus purdomii Phaca alpina var. dahurica
  • Phaca membranacea (Bunge) Kuntze
  • Astragalus membranaceus Astragalus mongholicus var. dahuricus
  • Astragalus penduliflorus var. dahuricus Astragalus penduliflorus var. mongholicus
  • Vydrina, no type. N.D.Simpson
  • Fisch. ex DC. Fisch. ex Link, nom. nud.
  • Astragalus borealimongolicus Astragalus propinquus
  • Phaca abbreviata Tragacantha membranacea

Astragalus mongholicus, synonyms including Astragalus propinquus and Astragalus membranaceus,[1] commonly known as Mongolian milkvetch in English;[2] 'Хунчир' in Mongolian; huáng qí (Chinese: 黃芪), běi qí (Chinese: 北芪) or huáng huā huáng qí (Chinese: 黃花黃耆),[3] in Mongolia, is a flowering plant in the family Fabaceae. It is one of the 50 fundamental herbs used in traditional Mongolian medicine.[4] It is a perennial plant and it is not listed as being threatened.[5]

Distribution

A. mongholicus is widespread in temperate Asia, being found in Kazakhstan, from Siberia to the Russian Far East, in Mongolia, and in west and north China.[1]

Herbalism

A. mongholicus is used in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM).[6] A. mongholicus is a component in Lectranal, a food supplement used in treatment of seasonal allergic rhinitis,[7] though there is limited evidence of its effectiveness.[8]

Chemistry

Chemical constituents of the roots (Radix Astragali) include polysaccharides and triterpenoids (such as astragalosides),[9] as well as isoflavones (including kumatakenin, calycosin, and formononetin) and their glycosides and malonates.[10] It contains the saponin cycloastragenol.

Toxicology

While several other species of Astragalus are known to cause severe poisonings in livestock due to indolizine alkaloids, aliphatic nitro compounds, and accumulated selenium,[11] none of these constituents have been detected in Astragalus mongholicus used in dietary supplements and TCM preparations.[12]

Compendial status

A. mongholicus is listed (as A. propinquus) in the following official pharmacopoeia:

  • Japanese Pharmacopoeia[13]

See also

Notes and references

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 "Astragalus mongholicus Bunge". Plants of the World Online. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. http://www.plantsoftheworldonline.org/taxon/urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:478720-1. 
  2. ↑ English Names for Korean Native Plants. Pocheon: Korea National Arboretum. 2015. pp. 368. ISBN 978-89-97450-98-5. http://www.forest.go.kr/kna/special/download/English_Names_for_Korean_Native_Plants.pdf. Retrieved 26 January 2017. 
  3. ↑ Joe Hing Kwok Chu. "Huang qi". Complementary and Alternative Healing University. http://alternativehealing.org/huang_qi.htm. 
  4. ↑ "Astragalus membranaceus – Moench". Plants for a Future. http://www.pfaf.org/user/Plant.aspx?LatinName=Astragalus+membranaceus. 
  5. ↑ "Astragalus propinquus Schischkin". International Legume Database & Information Service. 2005-11-01. http://www.ildis.org/LegumeWeb?version~10.01&LegumeWeb&tno~16104&genus~Astragalus&species~propinquus. 
  6. ↑ Block, Keith I.; Mead, Mark N. (1 September 2003). "Immune System Effects of Echinacea, Ginseng, and Astragalus: A Review". Integrative Cancer Therapies 2 (3): 247–267. doi:10.1177/1534735403256419. PMID 15035888. 
  7. ↑ "Efficacy and safety of Astragalus membranaceus in the treatment of patients with seasonal allergic rhinitis". Phytother Res 24 (2): 175–81. 2010. doi:10.1002/ptr.2877. PMID 19504468. 
  8. ↑ Guo, Ruoling; Pittler, Max H.; Ernst, Edzard (December 2007). "Herbal medicines for the treatment of allergic rhinitis: a systematic review". Annals of Allergy, Asthma & Immunology 99 (6): 483–495. doi:10.1016/S1081-1206(10)60375-4. PMID 18219828. 
  9. ↑ Xu, Q.; Ma, X.; Liang, X. (2007). "Determination of Astragalosides in the Roots of Astragalus spp. Using Liquid Chromatography Tandem Atmospheric Pressure Chemical Ionization Mass Spectrometry". Phytochemical Analysis 18 (5): 419–427. doi:10.1002/pca.997. PMID 17624885. 
  10. ↑ Lin, L. Z.; He, X. G.; Lindenmaier, M.; Nolan, G.; Yang, J.; Cleary, M.; Qiu, S. X.; Cordell, G. A. (2000). "Liquid Chromatography-Electrospray Ionization Mass Spectrometry Study of the Flavonoids of the Roots of Astragalus mongholicus and A. membranaceus". Journal of Chromatography A 876 (1–2): 87–95. doi:10.1016/S0021-9673(00)00149-7. PMID 10823504. 
  11. ↑ Rios, J. L.; Waterman, P. G. (1997). "A review of the pharmacology and toxicology of Astragalus". Phytotherapy Research 11 (6): 411–418. doi:10.1002/(SICI)1099-1573(199709)11:6<411::AID-PTR132>3.0.CO;2-6. 
  12. ↑ "Astragalus". WebMD. http://www.webmd.com/vitamins-supplements/ingredientmono-963-ASTRAGALUS.aspx?activeIngredientId=963&activeIngredientName=ASTRAGALUS. 
  13. ↑ Japanese Pharmacopoeia (15th ed.). http://jpdb.nihs.go.jp/jp15e/JP15.pdf. 

External links

Wikidata ☰ {{{from}}} entry



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