Biology:Belonocnema
| Belonocnema | |
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| Belonocnema kinseyi | |
Scientific classification 
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| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Arthropoda |
| Class: | Insecta |
| Order: | Hymenoptera |
| Family: | Cynipidae |
| Tribe: | Cynipini |
| Genus: | Belonocnema Mayr, 1881 |
| Synonyms | |
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Belonocnema is a genus of oak gall wasps in the family Cynipidae. There are three described species: B. treatae, B. fossoria and B. kinseyi.[1][2] These species are found in the United States from Texas , east to Florida.[1]
Belonocnema species induce galls on oaks and have both sexual and asexual generations.[1][2] A number of inquiline, parasitoid, and hyperparasitoid wasp species have been reared from Belonocnema galls.[2]
Taxonomy
The genus was first named and described by Gustav Mayr in 1881 with Belonocnema treatae as the type species.[1][3] The taxonomy of the species in the genus has been subject to different interpretations but now appears resolved through study of the morphology, ecology, and genetics of the genus.[1] The genus Dryorhizoxenus, described by William Ashmead, is considered a synonym of Belonocnema, with its type species, D. floridanus, included in B. treatae.[1][4]
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 , Wikidata Q110418044
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 Forbes, Andrew A.; Hall, M. Carmen; Lund, JoAnne; Hood, Glen R.; Izen, Rebecca; Egan, Scott P.; Ott, James R. (2016-01-01). "Parasitoids, Hyperparasitoids, and Inquilines Associated With the Sexual and Asexual Generations of the Gall Former, Belonocnema treatae (Hymenoptera: Cynipidae)" (in en). Annals of the Entomological Society of America 109 (1): 49–63. doi:10.1093/aesa/sav112. ISSN 0013-8746. https://academic.oup.com/aesa/article/109/1/49/2195083.
- ↑ Mayr, G. (1881) Die Genera der gallenbewohnenden Cynipiden. Jahresberichte der Communal-Oberrealschule im I. Bezirke, Wien 20: 1-38.
- ↑ Ashmead, William H. (1881). "On the Cynipidous Galls of Florida" (in en). Transactions of the American Entomological Society 9 (3–4): ix-xxviii. https://digital.library.cornell.edu/catalog/chla5077659_4219_001.
Wikidata ☰ Q18100246 entry
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