Biology:Bryopsidales
Bryopsidales is an order of green algae, in the class Ulvophyceae.[1] It is a diverse group of mostly marine macroalgae.[2]
Characteristics
The thallus is filamentous, highly branched, and may be packed into a mass. It is coenocytic, having multi-nucleate cells consisting of cytoplasm contained within a cylindrical cell wall. There are no septae, and the many discoid chloroplasts, nuclei and other organelles are free to move through the organism. The whole organism may consist of a single cell; in the genus Caulerpa, this single cell may be several metres across. In the genus Halimeda, whole seabed meadows may consist of an individual, single-celled organism connected by filamentous threads running through the substrate.[3]
Reproduction
Propagation is normally vegetative from small fragments which grow into new individuals. Under certain conditions, sexual reproduction occurs in a process called holocarpy. Almost all of the cytoplasm in the thallus is converted into biflagellate gametes, which are discharged into the sea through papillae. After fertilisation, the zygote becomes a protonema and this, in turn, develops into a new thallus.[3][4]
Phylogeny
Molecular phylogenetic studies suggest the following relationships between extant taxa (Chaetosiphonaceae not included):[2]
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References
- ↑ Cite error: Invalid
<ref>tag; no text was provided for refs namedAlgaebase - ↑ 2.0 2.1 Cremen, Ma. Chiela M.; Leliaert, Frederik; West, John; Lam, Daryl W.; Shimada, Satoshi; Lopez-Bautista, Juan M.; Verbruggen, Heroen (2019). "Reassessment of the classification of Bryopsidales (Chlorophyta) based on chloroplast phylogenomic analyses". Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 130: 397–405. doi:10.1016/j.ympev.2018.09.009. PMID 30227214. Bibcode: 2019MolPE.130..397C.
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 Day, Robert (1996). "The Cell Biology of the Bryopsidales". Seascope 13. https://www.angelfire.com/ri/skibizniz/bryopsidales.html.
- ↑ Overview of the Genus Caulerpa Proceedings of the International Caulerpa taxifolia Conference, 2002.
Wikidata ☰ Q6452523 entry
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