Biology:Conostigmus

From HandWiki

Conostigmus is a genus of parasitoid wasps that belongs to the family Megaspilidae.[1] It is a sister genus of Dendrocerus[2] and the second-largest genus within the family Megaspilidae with over 170 extant species that are globally distributed with most species being concentrated in the Palaearctic realm.[2] In contrast, there has only been 17 species described from China.[3][4]

Taxonomy

The genus was described in 1858 by Anders Gustaf Dahlbom, a Swedish entomologist.[1] When it was established, it was considered to be a subgenus of Megaspilus before being elevated to the generic rank by Kieffer (1907).[5] The type species is Conostigmus erythrothorax was described by William Harris Ashmead, an American entomologist, in 1893.[4]

Species

This list is incomplete; you can help by expanding it.

This genus currently contains over 170 described species making Conostigmus the second-largest genus within the family Megaspilidae. These species are organized into several species groups.[3]

Below is a list of species belonging to this genus:[3][4][6]

  1. Conostigmus acutus Wang & Chen, 2024[7]
  2. Conostigmus abdominalis (Boheman, 1832)
  3. Conostigmus ampullaceus Dessart, 1997
  4. Conostigmus aestivalis Kieffer, 1907
  5. Conostigmus bipunctatus Kieffer, 1907
  6. Conostigmus clayulatus Yang & Wang, 2025[5]
  7. Conostigmus dessarti Trietsch & Mikó, 2020
  8. Conostigmus dimidiatus (Thomson, 1858)
  9. Conostigmus duncani Trietsch, 2020
  10. Conostigmus electrinus Wang & Chen, 2024[7]
  11. Conostigmus erythrothorax Ashmead, 1893 (type species)
  12. Conostigmus franzinii Trietsch & Mikó, 2020
  13. Conostigmus johnsoni Trietsch & Mikó, 2020
  14. Conostigmus laeviceps (Ashmead, 1893)
  15. Conostigmus lepus Trietsch, 2020
  16. Conostigmus longiharpes Trietsch, 2020
  17. Conostigmus michaeli Trietsch, 2020
  18. Conostigmus minimus Trietsch & Mikó, 2020
  19. Conostigmus muratorei Trietsch, 2020
  20. Conostigmus musettiae Trietsch & Mikó, 2020
  21. Conostigmus nankunensis Qian and Wang, 2024[8]
  22. Conostigmus obsidianus Liu & Wang, 2026
  23. Conostigmus quadratogenalis Dessart & Cooper, 1975[9]
  24. Conostigmus quadripetalus Wang & Chen, 2024[7]
  25. Conostigmus rosemaryae Trietsch, 2020
  26. Conostigmus rotundus Yang & Wang, 2025[5]
  27. Conostigmus vitreus Liu & Wang, 2026
  28. Conostigmus washburni Trietsch, 2020
  29. Conostigmus xui Cui and Wang, 2023[10]

Biology

Though it is the second largest genus within Megaspilidae, little is known about its life history. A few species are known to be ectoparasitoids however it is likely that the genus also contains endoparasitoid wasps[9] as well since the sister genus Dendrocerus contains both life strategies. It is also likely that Conostigmus contains hyperparasitoids as well.

Fossil Specimens

A species of Conostigmus has been identified from Eocene Baltic amber.[2][11]

References

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 "Conostigmus (Dahlbom, 1858)". https://www.itis.gov/servlet/SingleRpt/SingleRpt?search_topic=TSN&search_value=610693#null. 
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 Trietsch, Carolyn (2019). Exploring Megaspilidae (Hymenoptera: Ceraphronoidea) Through Morphology and More. ProQuest Dissertations & Theses. ISBN 978-1-392-31897-3. 
  3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 "CATALOG OF SYSTEMATIC LITERATURE OF THE SUPERFAMILY CERAPHRONOIDEA (HYMENOPTERA)". 2004. https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/Catalog-of-systematic-literature-of-the-superfamily-Johnson-Musetti/2f014c829939f0211ede621b230103bb0f0f4bc5. 
  4. ↑ 4.0 4.1 4.2 Liu, Yu-fan; Zhao, Wen-Jing; Yang, Xing; Li, Liu-kang; Huang, Yi-xin; Wang, Xu (2026-08-07). "Two new species of Conostigmus Dahlbom, 1858 (Hymenoptera, Megaspilidae) from Xizang Autonomous Region, China" (in en). ZooKeys (1287): 321–334. doi:10.3897/zookeys.1287.200178. ISSN 1313-2970. 
  5. ↑ 5.0 5.1 5.2 Yang, Yuanhan; Li, Fang; Huang, Yixin; Wang, Xu; Zhang, Zhisheng; Chen, Huayan (2025-10-15). "Description of two new species of Conostigmus Dahlbom, 1858 (Hymenoptera, Megaspilidae) from Yintiaoling Nature Reserve, Chongqing, China" (in en). ZooKeys (1255): 379–394. doi:10.3897/zookeys.1255.154710. ISSN 1313-2970. PMID 41140629. 
  6. ↑ Trietsch, Carolyn; Mikó, István; Ezray, Briana; Deans, Andrew R. (2020-06-15). "A Taxonomic Revision of Nearctic Conostigmus (Hymenoptera: Ceraphronoidea: Megaspilidae)" (in en). Zootaxa 4792 (1): 1–155. doi:10.11646/zootaxa.4792.1.1. ISSN 1175-5334. PMID 33056689. https://www.mapress.com/zt/article/view/zootaxa.4792.1.1. 
  7. ↑ 7.0 7.1 7.2 Wang, Xu; Cui, Shanshan; Li, Fang; Huang, Yixin; Chen, Huayan (2024-10-08). "Three new species of Conostigmus from China and redescription of Conostigmus ampullaceus Dessart, 1997 (Hymenoptera, Megaspilidae)" (in en). Journal of Hymenoptera Research 97: 807–824. doi:10.3897/jhr.97.126202. ISSN 1314-2607. https://jhr.pensoft.net/article/126202/. 
  8. ↑ Qian, Chenzhengxin; Li, Fang; Huang, Yixin; Wang, Xu (2024-07-15). "Conostigmus nankunensis (Hymenoptera: Ceraphronoidea), a new species from China with a long facial sulcus" (in en). Zootaxa 5481 (1): 141–145. doi:10.11646/zootaxa.5481.1.9. ISSN 1175-5334. PMID 39646048. https://mapress.com/zt/article/view/zootaxa.5481.1.9. 
  9. ↑ 9.0 9.1 Cooper, Kenneth W.; Dessart, Paul (1975). "Adult, larva and biology of Conostigmus quadratogenalis Dessart & Cooper, sp.n., (Hym., Ceraphronoidea), parasite of Boreus (Mecoptera) in California.". Bulletin et Annales de la Société Royale d'Entomologie de Belgique 111: 37-53. https://biblio.naturalsciences.be/associated_publications/societe-royale-belge-dentomologie-koninklijke-belgische-vereniging-voor-entomologie-1/srbe-111-1975/cooper-k-w-dessart-p_bull_111-1975_37-53.pdf. 
  10. ↑ Cui, Shanshan; Li, Fang; Huang, Yixin; Huang, Xuanzhi; Wang, Xu; Zhu, Chaodong (2023-07-06). "Description of a new species of Conostigmus Dahlbom, 1858 (Hymenoptera: Megaspilidae) from China" (in en). Zootaxa 5315 (1): 71–76. doi:10.11646/zootaxa.5315.1.4. ISSN 1175-5334. https://mapress.com/zt/article/view/zootaxa.5315.1.4. 
  11. ↑ Mikó, István; van de Kamp, Thomas; Trietsch, Carolyn; Ulmer, Jonah M.; Zuber, Marcus; Baumbach, Tilo; Deans, Andrew R. (2018-08-08). "A new megaspilid wasp from Eocene Baltic amber (Hymenoptera: Ceraphronoidea), with notes on two non-ceraphronoid families: Radiophronidae and Stigmaphronidae" (in en). PeerJ 6. doi:10.7717/peerj.5174. ISSN 2167-8359. PMID 30140594. PMC 6103384. https://peerj.com/articles/5174. 
  • Dessart, P. & Cancemi, P. 1987. Tableau dichotomique des genres de Ceraphronoidea (Hymenoptera) avec commentaires et nouvelles especies. Frustula Entomologica 7-8: 307-372.
  • Johnson, N. F. & L. Musetti. 2004. Catalog of the systematic literature of the superfamily Ceraphronoidea (Hymenoptera). Contributions of the American Entomological Institute 33 (2): 1-149.

Wikidata ☰ Q4036494 entry



Retrieved from "https://handwiki.org/wiki/index.php?title=Biology:Conostigmus&oldid=4647873"