Biology:Cora (fungus)

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Short description: Genus of lichens

Cora
Dictyonema pavonium.jpg
Cora pavonia
Scientific classification e
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Fungi
Division: Basidiomycota
Class: Agaricomycetes
Order: Agaricales
Family: Hygrophoraceae
Genus: Cora
Fr. (1825)
Type species
Cora pavonia
(Weber & D.Mohr) Fr. (1825)
Synonyms[1]
  • Wainiocora Tomas. (1950)

Cora is a large genus of basidiolichens in the family Hygrophoraceae. Modern molecular phylogenetics research has revealed a rich biodiversity in this largely tropical genus.

Taxonomy

Cora was originally circumscribed by the Swedish "Father of Mycology", Elias Magnus Fries, in 1825. He included a single species, until then known as Thelephora pavonia Weber & D.Mohr.[2] Until relatively recently, Cora was thought to contain one species,[3] or was placed into synonymy with Dictyonema.[4] Cora was recognized as an independent genus separate from Dictyonema in 2013.[5][6] Molecular phylogenetic analysis using DNA barcoding of the internal transcribed spacer region has revealed the existence of almost 200 species in the genus, and about 450 species are predicted to exist.[6][7][8][9]

Habitat and distribution

Mexico and (at least formerly) Florida are the northernmost distribution points for the genus Cora, while its southernmost locale is southern Chile.[9] It has its highest biodiversity in the northern Andes.[9] Biogeographic data suggests that Cora originated in South America and expanded eastward.[10] The vast majority (95%) of the known species are found in the Americas, but the genus has also been recorded from tropical Africa, tropical Asia, and South Atlantic islands. Twelve species and subspecies have been described from Mexico;[11] the only species known to have occurred north of Mexico is the possibly extinct Cora timucua, which is known to have formerly existed in Florida.[12]

Species

(As of January 2022), Species Fungorum accepts 90 species in genus Cora.[13]

Cora glabrata, Chile
Cora species growing as an epiphyte in Machu Picchu, Peru

References

  1. ↑ "Synonymy: Cora Fr.". Species Fungorum. http://www.speciesfungorum.org/Names/SynSpecies.asp?RecordID=17369. 
  2. ↑ Fries, E.M. (1825) (in la). Systema Orbis Vegetabilis. p. 300. https://bibdigital.rjb.csic.es/viewer/11732/?offset=#page=308&viewer=picture&o=bookmark&n=0&q=. 
  3. ↑ Luis Chaves, José; Lücking, Robert; Sipman, Harrie J. M.; Umaña, Loengrin; Navarro, Enia (2004). "A first assessment of the ticolichen biodiversity inventory in Costa Rica: The genus Dictyonema (Polyporales: Atheliaceae)". The Bryologist 107 (2): 242–249. doi:10.1639/0007-2745(2004)107[0242:AFAOTT2.0.CO;2]. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/232669339. 
  4. ↑ "Cora". Dictionary of the Fungi (10th ed.). Wallingford, UK: CAB International. 2008. p. 170. ISBN 978-0-85199-826-8. https://archive.org/details/dictionaryfungit00kirk. 
  5. ↑ Dal-Forno, Manuela; Lawrey, James D.; Sikaroodi, Masoumeh; Bhattarai, Smriti; Gillevet, Patrick M.; Sulzbacher, Marcelo; Lücking, Robert (2013). "Starting from scratch: Evolution of the lichen thallus in the basidiolichen Dictyonema (Agaricales: Hygrophoraceae)". Fungal Biology 117 (9): 584–598. doi:10.1016/j.funbio.2013.05.006. PMID 24012299. 
  6. ↑ 6.0 6.1 6.2 6.3 Lücking et al. 2013.
  7. ↑ Lucking, R.; Dal-Forno, M.; Sikaroodi, M.; Gillevet, P. M.; Bungartz, F.; Moncada, B.; Yanez-Ayabaca, A.; Chaves, J. L. et al. (2014). "A single macrolichen constitutes hundreds of unrecognized species". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 111 (30): 11091–11096. doi:10.1073/pnas.1403517111. PMID 24982168. Bibcode: 2014PNAS..11111091L. 
  8. ↑ 8.0 8.1 Lücking et al. 2016.
  9. ↑ 9.0 9.1 9.2 Moncada, Pérez-Pérez & Lücking 2019, p. 393.
  10. ↑ 10.0 10.1 10.2 Lücking, Robert; Cáceres, Marcela E.S.; Silva, Nílber G.; Alves, Ruy J. V. (2015). "The genus Cora in the South Atlantic and the Mascarenes: Two novel taxa and inferred biogeographic relationships". The Bryologist 118 (3): 293–303. doi:10.1639/0007-2745-118.3.293. 
  11. ↑ Moncada, Pérez-Pérez & Lücking 2019, pp. 393–394.
  12. ↑ 12.0 12.1 Lücking, Robert; Kaminsky, Laurel; Perlmutter, Gary B.; Lawrey, James D.; Forno, Manuela Dal (2020). "Cora timucua (Hygrophoraceae), a new and potentially extinct, previously misidentified basidiolichen of Florida inland scrub documented from historical collections". The Bryologist 123 (4): 657–673. doi:10.1639/0007-2745-123.4.657. 
  13. ↑ Source dataset. Species Fungorum Plus: Species Fungorum for CoL+. "Cora". Catalog of Life Version 2021-12-18. https://www.catalogueoflife.org/data/taxon/8R477. 
  14. ↑ Lücking et al. 2016, p. 147.
  15. ↑ Lücking et al. 2016, p. 152.
  16. ↑ Lücking et al. 2016, p. 153.
  17. ↑ Lücking et al. 2013, p. 6.
  18. ↑ Lücking et al. 2016, p. 154.
  19. ↑ Lücking et al. 2013, p. 8.
  20. ↑ 20.0 20.1 Lücking et al. 2016, p. 155.
  21. ↑ Lücking et al. 2016, p. 157.
  22. ↑ Ariyawansa, Hiran A.; Hyde, Kevin D.; Jayasiri, Subashini C.; Buyck, Bart; Chethana, K.W. Thilini; Dai, Dong Qin; Dai, Yu Cheng; Daranagama, Dinushani A. et al. (2015). "Fungal diversity notes 111–252—taxonomic and phylogenetic contributions to fungal taxa". Fungal Diversity 75 (1): 27–274. doi:10.1007/s13225-015-0346-5. https://hau.collections.crest.ac.uk/9284/1/Mike%20Theodorou%20Fungal%2BDiversity%202%20April.pdf. 
  23. ↑ Moncada, Pérez-Pérez & Lücking 2019, p. 399.
  24. ↑ 24.0 24.1 Lücking et al. 2016, p. 158.
  25. ↑ Moncada, Pérez-Pérez & Lücking 2019, p. 400.
  26. ↑ Lücking et al. 2013, p. 11.
  27. ↑ 27.0 27.1 Lücking et al. 2016, p. 159.
  28. ↑ Lücking et al. 2016, p. 160.
  29. ↑ 29.0 29.1 29.2 29.3 Vargas, Leidy Yasmín; Moncada, Bibiana; Lücking, Robert (2014). "Five new species of Cora and Dictyonema (Basidiomycota: Hygrophoraceae) from Colombia: chipping away at cataloging hundreds of unrecognized taxa". The Bryologist 117 (4): 368–378. doi:10.1639/0007-2745-117.4.368. 
  30. ↑ 30.0 30.1 Lücking et al. 2016, p. 161.
  31. ↑ 31.0 31.1 Lücking et al. 2016, p. 163.
  32. ↑ Lücking, Robert; Grall, Aurelie; Thüs, Holger (2014). "Typification of Thelephora pavonia Sw. and reinstatement of Cora ciferrii (Tomas.) comb. nov.". The Lichenologist 46 (6): 825–828. doi:10.1017/S0024282914000401. 
  33. ↑ Lücking et al. 2016, p. 164.
  34. ↑ 34.0 34.1 Lücking et al. 2016, p. 165.
  35. ↑ 35.0 35.1 Lücking et al. 2016, p. 166.
  36. ↑ Lücking et al. 2013, p. 12.
  37. ↑ Lücking et al. 2016, p. 167.
  38. ↑ 38.0 38.1 Lücking et al. 2016, p. 168.
  39. ↑ Lücking et al. 2016, p. 170.
  40. ↑ Lücking et al. 2016, p. 171.
  41. ↑ Lücking et al. 2016, p. 172.
  42. ↑ 42.0 42.1 Lücking et al. 2016, p. 173.
  43. ↑ Dal Forno, Manuela; Bungartz, Frank; Yánez-Ayabaca, Alba; Lücking, Robert; Lawrey, James D. (2017). "High levels of endemism among Galapagos basidiolichens". Fungal Diversity 85 (1): 45–73. doi:10.1007/s13225-017-0380-6. 
  44. ↑ 44.0 44.1 Lücking et al. 2016, p. 174.
  45. ↑ Lücking et al. 2016, p. 176.
  46. ↑ Moncada, Pérez-Pérez & Lücking 2019, p. 402.
  47. ↑ 47.0 47.1 Lücking et al. 2016, p. 177.
  48. ↑ Lücking et al. 2016, p. 178.
  49. ↑ 49.0 49.1 Lücking et al. 2016, p. 179.
  50. ↑ Lücking et al. 2016, p. 180.
  51. ↑ Lücking et al. 2013, p. 14.
  52. ↑ 52.0 52.1 Lücking et al. 2016, p. 182.
  53. ↑ Moncada, Pérez-Pérez & Lücking 2019, p. 404.
  54. ↑ Moncada, Pérez-Pérez & Lücking 2019, p. 405.
  55. ↑ Moncada, Pérez-Pérez & Lücking 2019, p. 406.
  56. ↑ 56.0 56.1 Lücking et al. 2016, p. 183.
  57. ↑ 57.0 57.1 Lücking et al. 2016, p. 184.
  58. ↑ Lücking et al. 2016, p. 185.
  59. ↑ Lücking et al. 2016, p. 186.
  60. ↑ 60.0 60.1 Lücking et al. 2016, p. 188.
  61. ↑ 61.0 61.1 Lücking et al. 2016, p. 189.
  62. ↑ 62.0 62.1 Lücking et al. 2016, p. 190.
  63. ↑ 63.0 63.1 Lücking et al. 2016, p. 191.
  64. ↑ Lücking et al. 2016, p. 192.
  65. ↑ 65.0 65.1 Lücking et al. 2016, p. 193.
  66. ↑ Lücking et al. 2016, p. 195.
  67. ↑ 67.0 67.1 Lücking et al. 2016, p. 196.
  68. ↑ Lücking et al. 2013, p. 16.
  69. ↑ Lücking et al. 2013, p. 18.
  70. ↑ 70.0 70.1 Lücking et al. 2016, p. 197.
  71. ↑ Lücking et al. 2016, p. 198.
  72. ↑ 72.0 72.1 Lücking et al. 2016, p. 200.
  73. ↑ Moncada, Pérez-Pérez & Lücking 2019, p. 408.
  74. ↑ 74.0 74.1 Lücking et al. 2016, p. 201.
  75. ↑ Lücking et al. 2016, p. 202.
  76. ↑ Lücking et al. 2016, p. 203.
  77. ↑ Moncada, Pérez-Pérez & Lücking 2019, p. 409.

Cited literature

  • Lücking, Robert; Dal-Forno, Manuela; Lawrey, James D.; Bungartz, Frank; Rojas, María E. Holgado; Hernández M., Jesús E.; Marcelli, Marcelo P.; Moncada, Bibiana et al. (2013). "Ten new species of lichenized Basidiomycota in the genera Dictyonema and Cora (Agaricales: Hygrophoraceae), with a key to all accepted genera and species in the Dictyonema clade". Phytotaxa 139 (1): 1–38. doi:10.11646/phytotaxa.139.1.1. 
  • Lücking, Robert; Forno, Manuela Dal; Moncada, Bibiana; Coca, Luis Fernando; Vargas-Mendoza, Leidy Yasmín; Aptroot, André; Arias, Laura Juliana; Besal, Betty et al. (2016). "Turbo-taxonomy to assemble a megadiverse lichen genus: seventy new species of Cora (Basidiomycota: Agaricales: Hygrophoraceae), honouring David Leslie Hawksworth's seventieth birthday". Fungal Diversity 84 (1): 139–207. doi:10.1007/s13225-016-0374-9. 
  • Moncada, Bibiana; Pérez-Pérez, Rosa Emilia; Lücking, Robert (2019). "The lichenized genus Cora (Basidiomycota: Hygrophoraceae) in Mexico: high species richness, multiple colonization events, and high endemism". Plant and Fungal Systematics 64 (2): 393–411. doi:10.2478/pfs-2019-0026. 

Wikidata ☰ Q63413143 entry



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