Biology:Crithagra

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Short description: Genus of birds

Crithagra
Brimstone Canary RWD1.jpg
Male brimstone canary (Crithagra sulphurata sharpii)
Scientific classification e
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Aves
Order: Passeriformes
Family: Fringillidae
Subfamily: Carduelinae
Genus: Crithagra
Swainson, 1827
Type species
Loxia sulphurata[1]
Linnaeus, 1766
Species

See text

Crithagra is a genus of small passerine birds in the finch family (Fringillidae). They live in Africa and Arabia.

The species in this genus were formerly assigned to the genus Serinus, but phylogenetic analysis of mitochondrial and nuclear DNA sequences found that the genus was polyphyletic.[2] It was therefore split into two monophyletic genera. Eight species, including the European serin (Serinus serinus), were retained in Serinus, while the other species were assigned to the resurrected genus Crithagra.[3]

Species

The genus was introduced in 1827 by the English ornithologist William John Swainson.[4] The type species was subsequently designated as the brimstone canary.[5] The name comes from the classical Greek krithē for "barley" and agra for "hunting".[6]

The genus contains 37 species:[3]

Image Scientific name Common Name Distribution
Crithagra rufobrunnea thomensis 212303396.jpg Príncipe seedeater Crithagra rufobrunnea São Tomé and Príncipe
São Tomé grosbeak Crithagra concolor São Tomé
African Citril - Naivasha - Kenya 06 9856 (22621619658).jpg African citril Crithagra citrinelloides Ethiopia, Eritrea to western Kenya.
Crithagra frontalis (cropped).jpg Western citril Crithagra frontalis central Africa
Crithagra hyposticta RWD.jpg Southern citril Crithagra hyposticta South Sudan, Kenya, Tanzania, Zambia and Malawi.
Crithagra capistrata 746769.jpg Black-faced canary Crithagra capistrata Angola, Burundi, Republic of the Congo, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Gabon, and Zambia.
Papyrus Canary - Uganda MG 1468 (23040012745) (cropped).jpg Papyrus canary Crithagra koliensis Burundi, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Kenya, Rwanda, Tanzania, and Uganda
Forest Canary (Serinus scotops) facing left, side view.jpg Forest canary Crithagra scotops Cameroon, Congo, and Kenya.
White-rumped Seedeater - Gambia (32270398890).jpg White-rumped seedeater Crithagra leucopygia Sudan
Serinus atrogularis -Opuwo, Namibia-8.jpg Black-throated canary Crithagra atrogularis Angola, Botswana, Burundi, Republic of the Congo, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Gabon, Kenya, Lesotho, Namibia, Rwanda, South Africa, Tanzania, Uganda, Zambia, and Zimbabwe.
Yellow-rumped seedeater Crithagra xanthopygia Eritrea, Kenya and Ethiopia.
Reichenow's Seedeater - Kenya IMG 3223 (22418794463).jpg Reichenow's seedeater Crithagra reichenowi eastern Africa
Arabian Serin.jpg Arabian serin Crithagra rothschildi western Saudi Arabia and Yemen
Yellow-throated seedeater Crithagra flavigula Ethiopia.
Salvadori's Serin Serinus xantholaemus, Sof Omar.jpg Salvadori's seedeater Crithagra xantholaema Ethiopia.
Lemon-breasted canary, Crithagra citrinipectus, near Pafuri in Kruger National Park, South Africa (26265068286).jpg Lemon-breasted canary Crithagra citrinipectus Malawi, Mozambique, South Africa, Zambia, and Zimbabwe.
Yellow-fronted canary (Crithagra mozambica tando).jpg Yellow-fronted canary Crithagra mozambica Africa south of the Sahara Desert.
White-bellied Canary - Samburu - Kenya S4E5349 (22621674067).jpg White-bellied canary Crithagra dorsostriata Ethiopia, Kenya, Somalia, South Sudan, Tanzania, and Uganda.
Ankober serin Crithagra ankoberensis Ethiopia
Yemen Serin.jpg Yemen serin Crithagra menachensis Oman, Saudi Arabia, and Yemen.
Cape Siskin, Rooi Els, South Africa.jpg Cape siskin Crithagra totta South Africa.
Male Drakensberg Siskin 2019 01 27 10 25 20 1129cr.jpg Drakensberg siskin Crithagra symonsi South Africa,
Northern grosbeak-canary Crithagra donaldsoni Ethiopia, Kenya, and Somalia.
Southern Grosbeak-Canary (Crithagra buchanani).jpg Southern grosbeak-canary Crithagra buchanani Kenya and Tanzania.
Serinus flaviventris -Great Karoo, Northern Cape, South Africa -adult male-8.jpg Yellow canary Crithagra flaviventris southern Africa
Brimstone Canary RWD1.jpg Brimstone canary Crithagra sulphurata central and southern Africa.
Reichard's Seedeater (Serinus reichardi) (17558998772).jpg Stripe-breasted seedeater Crithagra striatipectus[7] Sudan, Ethiopia, and Kenya.
Reichard's seedeater Crithagra reichardi Zambia, Malawi and Tanzania
Streaky-headed Seedeater (Serinus gularis).jpg Streaky-headed seedeater Crithagra gularis southern Africa.
West African seedeater Crithagra canicapilla Guinea, Sierra Leone, southern Mali and northern Ivory Coast across to southern Niger and northern Cameroon
Crithagra mennelli, Muanza, Sofala-provinsie, Birding Weto, a.jpg Black-eared seedeater Crithagra mennelli Angola, Botswana, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Malawi, Mozambique, Namibia, South Africa, Tanzania, Zambia, and Zimbabwe.
Serinus tristriatus -Ethiopia-8.jpg Brown-rumped seedeater Crithagra tristriata Ethiopia, Eritrea and Somalia.
White-throated canary (Crithagra albogularis crocopygia), crop.jpg White-throated canary Crithagra albogularis Angola, Botswana, Lesotho, Namibia, and South Africa.
Thick-billed Seedeater.jpg Thick-billed seedeater Crithagra burtoni Angola, Burundi, Cameroon, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Kenya, Nigeria, Rwanda, Tanzania, and Uganda.
Streaky Seedeater, Ngorongoro Crater (8495906768).jpg Streaky seedeater Crithagra striolata Burundi, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Eritrea, Ethiopia, Kenya, Rwanda, South Sudan, Tanzania, Uganda, and Zambia.
Yellow-browed seedeater Crithagra whytii Malawi, Tanzania, and Zambia.
Kipengere seedeater Crithagra melanochroa Tanzania
Crithagra leucoptera 15690336.jpg Protea canary Crithagra leucoptera South Africa.

References

  1. ↑ "Fringillidae". The Trust for Avian Systematics. https://www.aviansystematics.org/4th-edition-checklist?viewfamilies=196. 
  2. ↑ Zuccon, Dario; Prŷs-Jones, Robert; Rasmussen, Pamela C.; Ericson, Per G.P. (2012). "The phylogenetic relationships and generic limits of finches (Fringillidae)". Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 62 (2): 581–596. doi:10.1016/j.ympev.2011.10.002. PMID 22023825. http://www.nrm.se/download/18.9ff3752132fdaeccb6800010935/Zuccon%20et%20al%202012.pdf. 
  3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 Gill, Frank; Donsker, David, eds. "Finches, euphonias". World Bird List Version 5.2. International Ornithologists' Union. http://www.worldbirdnames.org/bow/finches/. Retrieved 5 June 2015. 
  4. ↑ Swainson, William (1827). "On several forms in ornithology not hitherto defined". Zoological Journal 3: 348. https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/2339407. 
  5. ↑ The Howard & Moore Complete Checklist of the Birds of the World. 2: Passerines (4th ed.). Eastbourne, UK: Aves Press. 2014. p. 329. ISBN 978-0-9568611-2-2. 
  6. ↑ Jobling, James A. (2010). The Helm Dictionary of Scientific Bird Names. London: Christopher Helm. p. 122. ISBN 978-1-4081-2501-4. https://archive.org/details/Helm_Dictionary_of_Scientific_Bird_Names_by_James_A._Jobling. 
  7. ↑ "Species Updates – IOC World Bird List" (in en-US). https://www.worldbirdnames.org/new/updates/species-updates/. 

Wikidata ☰ Q14517970 entry



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