Biology:Darapsa myron
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| Darapsa myron | |
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| Darapsa myron, adult | |
Scientific classification 
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| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Arthropoda |
| Class: | Insecta |
| Order: | Lepidoptera |
| Family: | Sphingidae |
| Genus: | Darapsa |
| Species: | D. myron
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| Binomial name | |
| Darapsa myron (Cramer, 1780)[1]
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| Synonyms | |
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Darapsa myron, the Virginia creeper sphinx or the Green Grapevine Sphinx, is a species of moth in the family Sphingidae.[2] It is found in central and eastern North America.[3]
Distribution
in Canada it is found in southern Ontario and Quebec,[4] and in the United States is found from Maine south to south Florida; west to North Dakota, Nebraska, New Mexico, Oklahoma, and Texas.[5] It is also found in Mexico.
The moths prefer woodland or brush habitats.[3]
Description
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Male dorsal -
Male ventral
Adults are usually large with long abdomens ending in a point. The top of the forewing is striped with shades of green to brown and has a dark dot in the middle. The top of the hindwing is orange.[3][5][6] Their wings span 2-3 inches.[2][7]
Known as "hornworms", due to the large blue horn on the posterior end, the young larvae are slim and yellow. Maturing they become darker (green, pink or brown) and gain 7 pairs of diagonal stripes merging into a dorsal black line.[3][5]
Biology
While active from early May to early September its during June and July that this species is most active[2][5][8] and abundant in many areas, particularly Massachusetts and Pennsylvania. Adults emerge in the mid-afternoon and females begin calling bob after dusk [clarification needed]. In spring, adults are more likely to feed, nectaring from flowers and drinking fluids from rotting fruit. In areas where they are common, D. myron readily come to both lights and sugar baits,[9] being most active between sunset and midnight.{{citation needed|date=September 2023} Females have much rounder abdomens while the end of the male's abdomen is spade-shaped. Pairing is fairly quick and captive adults do not need to be fed, although females lay more eggs when fed. Sometimes adults refuse food altogether.
Full grown caterpillars pose the ability to chew though sleeves. Fully grown larvae turn a purplish brown before spinning a sparse, wiry cocoon among leaves on the ground. Pupae either enclose within about 20 days or diapause, eclosing in late May.[10]
The larvae are known to feed on Virginia creeper, Viburnums, grape vines, and raccoon grapes.[3][5]
Predators
Caterpillars are frequently parasitised by wasps, which lay their eggs directly on them.[3]
Subspecies
- Darapsa myron myron
- Darapsa myron mexicana (Gehlen, 1933) (Mexico)
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Darapsa myron mexicana dorsal female -
Darapsa myron mexicana ventral female
References
- ↑ "CATE Creating a Taxonomic eScience - Sphingidae". Cate-sphingidae.org. https://www.cate-sphingidae.org/taxonomy/Darapsa/myron.html.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 Selman, Charles; Barton, Harvey (1971-01-01). "Relative Abundance, Seasonal Distribution and Taxonomy of Sphingidae of Northeast Arkansas". Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science 25 (1): 56–68. ISSN 2326-0491. https://scholarworks.uark.edu/jaas/vol25/iss1/17/.
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 3.3 3.4 3.5 "Virginia Creeper Sphinx" (in en). https://mdc.mo.gov/discover-nature/field-guide/virginia-creeper-sphinx.
- ↑ Beadle, David; Leckie, Seabrooke (2012). Peterson Field Guide to Moths of Northeastern North America. New York: Houghton Mifflin Harcourt. p. 266. ISBN 9780547238487.
- ↑ 5.0 5.1 5.2 5.3 5.4 Messenger, Charlie (1997-01-01). "The Sphinx Moths (Lepidoptera: Sphingidae) of Nebraska". Transactions of the Nebraska Academy of Sciences and Affiliated Societies. https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/tnas/72/.
- ↑ Knobel, Edward (1895) (in en). The Day Butterflies and Duskflyers of New England: How to Find and Know Them. B. Whidden. https://books.google.com/books?id=-nUeAQAAMAAJ&q=myron&pg=PA10.
- ↑ Burton, R., 1968, February. the Sphinx Moths (Lepidoptera: Sphingidae) of Oklahoma. In Proceedings of the Oklahoma Academy of Science (pp. 16-22).
- ↑ Talbot, Mary (2017-08-23). "Five Species of the Ant Genus Acanthomyops (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) at the Edwin S. George Reserve in Southern Michigan". The Great Lakes Entomologist 6 (1). doi:10.22543/0090-0222.1176. ISSN 0090-0222. https://scholar.valpo.edu/tgle/vol6/iss1/3/.
- ↑ Miller, S., OBSERVATIONS AND NEW RECORDS OF IOWA RHOPALOCERA.
- ↑ Entomologist, New York (State) State (1889) (in en). Report of the State Entomologist on Injurious and Other Insects of the State of New York. University of the state of New York. https://books.google.com/books?id=hTNDAAAAYAAJ&q=Darapsa+myron&pg=PA163.
External links
- Virginia creeper sphinx Butterflies and Moths of North America
- Darapsa myron Sphingidae of the Americas
- Moth Caterpillars Feeding on Virginia Creeper (Parthenocissus quinquefolia)
Wikidata ☰ Q1311944 entry
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