Biology:Desulfotomaculum
Desulfotomaculum is a genus of Gram-positive, obligately anaerobic soil bacteria. A type of sulfate-reducing bacteria, Desulfotomaculum can cause food spoilage in poorly processed canned foods. Their presence can be identified by the release of hydrogen sulfide gas with its rotten egg smell when the can is first opened. They are endospore-forming bacteria.{{Citation needed|date=August 2008} In 2005, a new strain of Desulfotomaculum, called Desulforudis audaxviator, was discovered during drilling 2.8 km deep in the Mponeng gold mine in South Africa. The strain, found in water which has been isolated for tens of millions of years, exists completely independent of photosynthesis.[1] The bacteria use radiolytically produced hydrogen gas, which is generated in that environment by the energy released by radioisotopes. The bacteria also use sulfates. Sulfates may be generated both by the energy released by radioisotopes as well as by other chemical reactions. Generated hydrogen sulfide may be a continuous energy source for this organism.[2] Some organisms can obtain energy from sources other than from the sun or other stars, which means similar lifeforms may be found on other planets in the Solar System and elsewhere. Desulfotomaculum present as straight or curved rods. They are highly heat resistant and free-living fixers of atmospheric nitrogen. They are motile with peritrichous flagella and are common inhabitants of soil, water, geothermal run-off, insect intestines and in rumen. They also cause "sulphide stinker" spoilage of canned foods.
Phylogeny
The currently accepted taxonomy is based on the List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature (LPSN)[3] and National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI).[4]
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Unassigned species:
- D. carboxydivorans Parshina et al. 2005
- "D. copahuensis" Willis Poratti et al. 2016
- D. arcticum synonym of Desulfotruncus arcticus (Vandieken, Knoblauch & Jorgensen 2006) Watanabe, Fukui & Kuever 2021
- D. geothermicum synonym of Desulfoscipio geothermicus (Daumas, Cord-Ruwisch & Garcia 1990) Watanabe, Fukui & Kuever 2021
- D. halophilum synonym of Desulfohalotomaculum halophilum (Tardy-Jacquenod et al. 1998) Watanabe, Kojima & Fukui 2018
- D. thermoacetoxidans synonym of Desulfofundulus thermoacetoxidans (Min & Zinder 1995) Watanabe, Kojima & Fukui 2018
References
- ↑ Li-Hung Lin; Pei-Ling Wang; Douglas Rumble; Johanna Lippmann-Pipke; Erik Boice; Lisa M. Pratt; Barbara Sherwood Lollar; Eoin L. Brodie et al. (2006). "Long-Term Sustainability of a High-Energy, Low-Diversity Crustal Biome". Science 314 (5798): 479–82. doi:10.1126/science.1127376. PMID 17053150. Bibcode: 2006Sci...314..479L. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc897899/.
- ↑ Kenneth R. Olson, Karl D. Straub (2016). "The Role of Hydrogen Sulfide in Evolution and the Evolution of Hydrogen Sulfide in Metabolism and Signaling". Physiology 31 (1): 60–72. doi:10.1152/physiol.00024.2015. PMID 26674552.
- ↑ A.C. Parte. "Desulfotomaculum". List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature (LPSN). https://lpsn.dsmz.de/genus/desulfotomaculum.
- ↑ C.L. Schoch. "Desulfotomaculum". National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) taxonomy database. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/Taxonomy/Browser/wwwtax.cgi?mode=Tree&id=1562&lvl=3&lin=f&keep=1&srchmode=1&unlock.
- ↑ "The LTP". https://imedea.uib-csic.es/mmg/ltp/#LTP.
- ↑ "LTP_all tree in newick format". https://imedea.uib-csic.es/mmg/ltp/wp-content/uploads/ltp/LTP_all_10_2024.ntree.
- ↑ "LTP_10_2024 Release Notes". https://imedea.uib-csic.es/mmg/ltp/wp-content/uploads/ltp/LTP_10_2024_release_notes.pdf.
- ↑ "GTDB release 09-RS220". https://gtdb.ecogenomic.org/about#4%7C.
- ↑ "bac120_r220.sp_labels". https://data.gtdb.ecogenomic.org/releases/release220/220.0/auxillary_files/bac120_r220.sp_labels.tree.
- ↑ "Taxon History". https://gtdb.ecogenomic.org/taxon_history/.
- "Gold mine holds life untouched by the Sun". 19 October 2006. https://www.newscientist.com/article/dn10336-gold-mine-holds-life-untouched-by-the-sun/.
- "Bacteria that use radiated water for food discovered two miles down". 19 October 2006. http://www.physorg.com/news80490363.html.
Wikidata ☰ Q1761532 entry
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