Biology:Ecdysteroid

From HandWiki

Ecdysteroids are arthropod steroid hormones that are mainly responsible for molting (ecdysis), development and, to a lesser extent, reproduction;[1][2][3][4] examples of ecdysteroids include ecdysone, 20-hydroxyecdysone (ecdysterone), turkesterone and 2-deoxyecdysone.[5] These compounds are synthesized in arthropods from dietary cholesterol via the Halloween family of cytochrome P450 enzymes.[6]

Compounds with ecdysteroid activity in arthropods are not only produced by these animals (zooecdysteroids). Phytoecdysteroids also appear in many plants mostly as a protection agents (toxins or antifeedants) against herbivore insects.[7][8] Fungi also produce a handful of mycoecdysteroids.[9] In addition, synthetic ecdysteroid pesticides such as methoxyfenozide have been produced.[10]

Research

Extracts of A. turkestanica, including ecdysteroid, are marketed on the Internet with the presumption they are useful as bodybuilding supplements.[11] A. turkestanica contains ecdysteroid derivatives,[12] such as turkesterone, although these compounds have no proven anabolic effects on muscle in mammals, and no approval as a drug in any country.[11]

See also

References

  1. ↑ "Ecdysteroids: the overlooked sex steroids of insects? Males: the black box". Insect Science 13 (5): 325–338. 2006. doi:10.1111/j.1744-7917.2006.00101.x. Bibcode: 2006InsSc..13..325D. 
  2. ↑ "Control of molting in mandibulate and chelicerate arthropods by ecdysones". The Biological Bulletin 139 (3): 520–538. December 1970. doi:10.2307/1540371. PMID 5494238. https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/part/24248. 
  3. ↑ "Ecdysteroid titers and developmental expression of ecdysteroid-regulated genes during metamorphosis of the yellow fever mosquito, Aedes aegypti (Diptera: Culicidae)". Journal of Insect Physiology 52 (6): 558–568. June 2006. doi:10.1016/j.jinsphys.2006.02.003. PMID 16580015. Bibcode: 2006JInsP..52..558M. 
  4. ↑ Okamoto, Naoki; Fujinaga, Daiki; Yamanaka, Naoki (2023), "Steroid hormone signaling: What we can learn from insect models" (in en), Vitamins and Hormones (Elsevier) 123: 525–554, doi:10.1016/bs.vh.2022.12.006, ISBN 978-0-443-13455-5, PMID 37717997, https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0083672922000966, retrieved 2024-07-29 
  5. ↑ "Ecdysteroids Information". Examine.com. http://examine.com/supplements/Ecdysteroids/. 
  6. ↑ "Ecdysteroid metabolism in crustaceans". The Journal of Steroid Biochemistry and Molecular Biology 127 (3–5): 196–203. November 2011. doi:10.1016/j.jsbmb.2010.09.001. PMID 20837145. 
  7. ↑ "Phytoecdysteroids: biological aspects". Phytochemistry 57 (3): 325–339. June 2001. doi:10.1016/S0031-9422(01)00078-4. PMID 11393511. Bibcode: 2001PChem..57..325D. 
  8. ↑ "On the distribution of phytoecdysteroids in plants". Cellular and Molecular Life Sciences 58 (8): 1121–1132. July 2001. doi:10.1007/PL00000926. PMID 11529504. 
  9. ↑ Dinan, Laurence; Mamadalieva, Nilufar Z.; Lafont, René (2020). "Dietary Phytoecdysteroids". Handbook of Dietary Phytochemicals. pp. 1–54. doi:10.1007/978-981-13-1745-3_35-1. ISBN 978-981-13-1745-3. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/343541713. 
  10. ↑ Carlson, GR; Dhadialla, TS; Hunter, R; Jansson, RK; Jany, CS; Lidert, Z; Slawecki, RA (February 2001). "The chemical and biological properties of methoxyfenozide, a new insecticidal ecdysteroid agonist.". Pest Management Science 57 (2): 115–9. doi:10.1002/1526-4998(200102)57:2<115::AID-PS245>3.0.CO;2-A. PMID 11455641. 
  11. ↑ 11.0 11.1 "Presence and Quantity of Botanical Ingredients With Purported Performance-Enhancing Properties in Sports Supplements". JAMA Network Open 6 (7): e2323879. July 2023. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.23879. PMID 37459101. 
  12. ↑ "The minor ecdysteroids from Ajuga turkestanica". Phytochemical Analysis 26 (5): 293–300. 2015. doi:10.1002/pca.2563. PMID 25953625. Bibcode: 2015PChAn..26..293G. https://hal.sorbonne-universite.fr/hal-01157962/file/Guibout_2015_The_Minor.pdf. 
  • Ecdybase, The Ecdysone Handbook - a free online ecdysteroids database



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