Biology:Elasmaria

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Elasmaria is a clade of ornithopods known from Cretaceous deposits in the former Gondwana (South America, Antarctica, Australia, and possibly Africa) that contains many bipedal ornithopods that were previously considered "hypsilophodonts".[1][2]

Classification

Calvo et al. (2007) coined Elasmaria to accommodate Macrogryphosaurus and Talenkauen, which they recovered as basal iguanodonts distinct from other iguanodontians in having mineralized plates on the ribs.[3] In 2016, a paper describing the genus Morrosaurus found Elasmaria to be far larger than its initial contents of two taxa, instead containing a variety of ornithopods from the Southern Hemisphere.[4] In 2021, under the Phylocode, Madzia et al. (2021) formally defined Elasmaria as "the smallest clade containing Macrogryphosaurus gondwanicus and Talenkauen santacrucensis, provided that it does not include Hypsilophodon foxii, Iguanodon bernissartensis, or Thescelosaurus neglectus.[5] Fonseca et al. (2024) redefined Elasmaria as "the largest clade containing Macrogryphosaurus gondwanicus and Talenkauen santacrucensis but not Dryosaurus altus, Hypsilophodon foxii, Iguanodon bernissartensis, and Thescelosaurus neglectus" so that it included more related taxa. The cladogram below follows their preferred reference phylogeny, taken from the results of their own study.[6]

Ornithopoda
Hypsilophodontidae
 

Gideonmantellia amosanjuanae

 
 

Hypsilophodon foxii

 
 
Iguanodontia
 

Rhabdodontomorpha

 
Euiguanodontia
 

Callovosaurus leedsi

 
Dryomorpha
Dryosauridae
 
 

Elrhazosaurus nigeriensis

 
 

Valdosaurus canaliculatus

 
 
 
 

Eousdryosaurus nanohallucis

 
 
 

Dysalotosaurus lettowvorbecki

 
 
 

Dryosaurus altus

 
 

Dryosaurus elderae

 
 
 
 
 
 
 

CM 1949

 
 
 
 

Draconyx loureiroi

 
 

Oblitosaurus bunnueli

 
 
 
Camptosauridae
 

Camptosaurus dispar

 
 

Uteodon aphanoecetes

 
 
Styracosterna
 

Cumnoria prestwichii

 
 
 

Owenodon hoggii

 
 
 

Hippodraco scutodens

 
 
 

Ouranosaurus nigeriensis

 
 
 

Iguanodon bernissartensis

 
 

Hadrosauroidea

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Elasmaria
 

Iyuku raathi

 
 
 

Weewarrasaurus pobeni

 
 
 

Kangnasaurus coetzeei

 
 
 
 

Anabisetia saldiviai

 
 

Diluvicursor pickeringi

 
 
 
 
 

Notohypsilophodon comodorensis

 
 
 

Trinisaura santamartaensis

 
 

Gasparinisaura cincosaltensis

 
 
 
 
 

Galleonosaurus dorisae

 
 

Mahuidacursor lipanglef

 
 

Morrosaurus antarcticus

 
 

Atlascopcosaurus loadsi

 
 

Qantassaurus intrepidus

 
 

Fostoria dhimbangunmal

 
 

Isasicursor santacrucensis

 
 

Muttaburrasaurus langdoni

 
 

Talenkauen santacrucensis

 
 

Sektensaurus sanjuanboscoi

 
 

Leaellynasaura amicagraphica

 
 

Macrogryphosaurus gondwanicus

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

References

  1. ↑ Boyd CA. (2015) The systematic relationships and biogeographic history of ornithischian dinosaurs. PeerJ 3:e1523 https://doi.org/10.7717/peerj.1523
  2. ↑ Madzia, Daniel; Boyd, Clint A.; Mazuch, Martin (2017). "A basal ornithopod dinosaur from the Cenomanian of the Czech Republic". Journal of Systematic Palaeontology: 1–13. doi:10.1080/14772019.2017.1371258.
  3. ↑ Calvo, Jorge O.; Porfiri, Juan D.; Novas, Fernando E. (2007). "Discovery of a new ornithopod dinosaur from the Portezuelo formation (Upper Cretaceous), Neuquen, Patagonia, Argentina.". Arquivos do Museu Nacional, Rio de Janeiro 65 (4): 471–483. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/233735488. 
  4. ↑ Rozadilla, Sebastián; Agnolin, Federico L.; Novas, Novas; Rolando, Alexis M.Aranciaga; Motta, Matías J.; Lirio, Juan M.; Isasi, Marcelo P. (2016). "A new ornithopod (Dinosauria, Ornithischia) from the Upper Cretaceous of Antarctica and its palaeobiogeographical implications". Cretaceous Research 57: 311–324. doi:10.1016/j.cretres.2015.09.009. Bibcode: 2016CrRes..57..311R. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0195667115300677. 
  5. ↑ Madzia, Daniel; Arbour, Victoria M.; Boyd, Clint A.; Farke, Andrew A.; Cruzado-Caballero, Penélope; Evans, David C. (2021-12-09). "The phylogenetic nomenclature of ornithischian dinosaurs". PeerJ 9. doi:10.7717/peerj.12362. ISSN 2167-8359. PMID 34966571. 
  6. ↑ Fonseca, André O.; Reid, Iain J.; Venner, Alexander; Duncan, Ruairidh J.; Garcia, Mauricio S.; Müller, Rodrigo T. (2024-06-21). "A comprehensive phylogenetic analysis on early ornithischian evolution" (in en). Journal of Systematic Palaeontology 22 (1). doi:10.1080/14772019.2024.2346577. ISSN 1477-2019. Bibcode: 2024JSPal..2246577F. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/381609667. 

Wikidata ☰ Q4444891 entry