Biology:Exocarpos
Exocarpos (from Ancient Greek ἔξω (éxō), meaning "outside", and καρπός (karpós), meaning "fruit", and thus, "outside fruit"[1]), also known as ballart, is a genus of flowering shrubs and small trees in the sandalwood family, Santalaceae. They range from Vietnam through Malesia, New Guinea, and Australia to New Zealand and the Pacific Islands.[2]
They are semi-parasitic, requiring the roots of a host tree, a trait they share with many other members of the Santalaceae.[citation needed]
In Australia, some species are also known as ballarts or cherries.[3]
The genus Exocarpos was first described by Jacques Labillardière on 7 May 1792:
I discovered an evergreen tree, which has its nut situated, like that of the acajou, upon a fleshy receptacle much larger than itself. I therefore named this new genus exocarpos. . . . The principal characters of this plant have led me to rank it among the terebinthinaceous tribe, next to the anacardium. I have given it the name of exocarpos cupressiformis.[4]
Convention dictates that the taxon is often expressed as Exocarpos Labill. 1798.[citation needed]
Within Australia, an identification key is available for New South Wales species,[3] and for Victorian species.[5]
Species
29 species are accepted.[2]
- Exocarpos acerbus (R.Br.) Lepschi
- Exocarpos aphyllus R.Br. – Leafless ballart,[6] jointed cherry
- Exocarpos baumannii Stauffer
- Exocarpos bidwillii Hook.f. – New Zealand[7]
- Exocarpos capnodioides Lepschi
- Exocarpos clavatus Stauffer
- Exocarpos cupressiformis Labill. – Cherry ballart, cypress cherry
- Exocarpos gaudichaudii A.DC. – Hulumoa (HawaiʻI)[8]
- Exocarpos homalocladus C.Moore & F.Muell. – Grass tree
- Exocarpos humifusus R.Br.
- Exocarpos latifolius R.Br. – Broad-leaved cherry
- Exocarpos lauterbachianus Pilg.
- Exocarpos longifolius (L.) Endl.
- Exocarpos luteolus Forbes – Heau (Island of Kauaʻi in Hawaiʻi)[9]
- Exocarpos menziesii Stauffer – Heau (Hawaiʻi)[10]
- Exocarpos micranthus Stauffer
- Exocarpos montanus (Stauffer) Baum.-Bod.
- Exocarpos nanus Hook.f. – Alpine ballart
- Exocarpos neocaledonicus Schltr. & Pilg.
- Exocarpos odoratus (Miq.) A.DC. – Scented ballart
- Exocarpos phyllanthoides Endl.
- Exocarpos pseudocasuarina Guillaumin
- Exocarpos psilotiformis Skottsb.
- Exocarpos pullei Pilg.
- Exocarpos sparteus R.Br. – Broom ballart, slender cherry
- Exocarpos spathulatus Schltr. & Pilg.
- Exocarpos strictus R.Br. – Pale-fruit ballart, dwarf cherry
- Exocarpos syrticola (F.Muell. ex Miq.) Stauffer – Coast ballart
- Exocarpos vitiensis A.C.Sm.
References
- ↑ "Seeds of South Australia - Species Information". https://spapps.environment.sa.gov.au/SeedsOfSA/speciesinformation.html?rid=1928.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 Cite error: Invalid
<ref>tag; no text was provided for refs namedpowo - ↑ 3.0 3.1 "Genus Exocarpos". National Herbarium of NSW. http://plantnet.rbgsyd.nsw.gov.au/cgi-bin/NSWfl.pl?page=nswfl&lvl=gn&name=Exocarpos. Retrieved 26 January 2019.
- ↑ Labillardière, Jacques Julien Houton de; Labillardière, Jacques Julien Houton de (1800) (in English). Voyage in search of La Pérouse : performed by order of the Constituent Assembly, during the years 1791, 1792, 1793, and 1794. 1. London: John Stockdale. pp. 198-199. https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/79817#page/214/mode/1up.
- ↑ ""Key to Exocarpos", Flora of Victoria". https://vicflora.rbg.vic.gov.au/flora/key/2457.
- ↑ "Exocarpos aphyllus". National Herbarium of NSW. http://plantnet.rbgsyd.nsw.gov.au/cgi-bin/NSWfl.pl?page=nswfl&lvl=sp&name=Exocarpos~aphyllus. Retrieved 26 January 2019.
- ↑ "Exocarpos bidwillii" (in en). https://www.nzpcn.org.nz/flora/species/exocarpos-bidwillii/.
- ↑ "Exocarpos gaudichaudii A.DC. - hulumoa EXGA in the state of Hawaii". The PLANTS Database. United States Department of Agriculture. https://plants.usda.gov/java/county?state_name=Hawaii&statefips=15&symbol=EXGA.
- ↑ "Exocarpos menziesii Stauffer - Menzies' ballart EXME in the state of Hawaii". The PLANTS Database. United States Department of Agriculture. https://plants.usda.gov/java/county?state_name=Hawaii&statefips=15&symbol=EXLU.
- ↑ "Exocarpos luteolus Forbes - leafy ballart EXLU in the state of Hawaii". The PLANTS Database. United States Department of Agriculture. https://plants.usda.gov/java/county?state_name=Hawaii&statefips=15&symbol=EXME.
External links
- What's Its Name?
- FloraBase - The West Australian Flora: Exocarpos
- PlantNet - New South Wales Flora Online: Exocarpos
Wikidata ☰ Q5420498 entry
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