Biology:Glossopteridales
| Glossopteridales | |
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| Various glossopterid pollen bearing reproductive structures | |
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| Leaf of Glossopteris | |
Scientific classification 
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| Kingdom: | Plantae |
| Clade: | Spermatophyta |
| Order: | †Glossopteridales Plumstead, 1956 |
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Glossopteridales is an extinct order of seed plants, known from the Permian of Gondwana. They arose at the beginning of the Permian , and the majority or all members of the group became extinct at the end of the Permian (251.9 mya), during the Permian-Triassic extinction event. Possible Triassic records of the group have been recorded.[1] The best known genus is Glossopteris, a leaf form genus. Other examples are Gangamopteris, Glossotheca, and Vertebraria.
Permian permineralised glossopterid reproduction organs found in the central Transantarctic Mountains suggest seeds had an adaxial attachment to the leaf-like mega-sporophyll. This indicate Glossopteridales can be classified as seed ferns and is important in determining the status of the group as either close relatives or ancestors of the angiosperms.[2]
Midrib-less forms were common in the Early Permian whereas midrib forms were more common in the Late Permian.[3]
See also
References
- Notes
- ↑ Zhang, Y.; Zheng, S.; Singh, K. J.; Wang, Y.; Zhang, S.; Saxena, A. (2022). "Glossopterids survived end-Permian mass extinction in North Hemisphere". Global Geology (English Edition) 25 (4): 214–254. doi:10.3969/j.issn.1673-9736.2022.04.02. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/366657763.
- ↑ Taylor & Taylor 1992, Abstract
- ↑ Srivastava 1991, Abstract
- Sources
- Srivastava, A. K. (1991). "Evolutionary tendency in the venation pattern of Glossopteridales". Geobios 24 (4): 383–386. doi:10.1016/S0016-6995(06)80235-4. Bibcode: 1991Geobi..24..383S. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/248615815. Retrieved 25 November 2017.
- Taylor, E. L.; Taylor, T. N. (1992). "Reproductive biology of the Permian Glossopteridales and their suggested relationship to flowering plants". PNAS 89 (23): 11495–11497. doi:10.1073/pnas.89.23.11495. PMID 11607341. Bibcode: 1992PNAS...8911495T.
External links
Wikidata ☰ Q138456 entry
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