Biology:Gracilicollum
| Gracilicollum | |
|---|---|
Scientific classification 
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| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Chordata |
| Class: | Reptilia |
| Clade: | Archosauromorpha |
| Family: | †Tanystropheidae |
| Genus: | †Gracilicollum Wang et al., 2023 |
| Species: | †G. latens
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| Binomial name | |
| †Gracilicollum latens Wang et al., 2023
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Gracilicollum (meaning "slender neck") is an extinct genus of likely tanystropheid archosauromorph from the Middle Triassic (Anisian) Guanling Formation of China. The genus contains a single species, G. latens, known from a skull and partial neck.[1]
Discovery and naming
The Gracilicollum holotype specimen, IVPP V 15636, was discovered in sediments of the Guanling Formation (Member II), dated to the Anisian age of the middle Triassic period, near Xinmin Village in Panzhou, Guizhou Province, China. The specimen, preserved on two blocks, consists of a skull preserved in ventral view articulated with a partial cervical vertebral column of at least 17 vertebrae in lateral view.[1]
In 2023, Wang et al. described Gracilicollum latens, a new genus and species of tanystropheid archosauromorphs, based on these fossil remains. The generic name, "Gracilicollum", combines the Latin words "gracilis", meaning "slender", and "collum", meaning "neck". The specific name, "latens", refers to the fact that the fossil had not been recognized as a new species for several years after its discovery.[1]
Description
Gracilicollum was a medium-sized tanystropheid. It demonstrates similarities to tanystropheids and dinocephalosaurids, both of which have proportionately long necks. The holotype skull is approximately 82 mm (3.2 in) long. The specimen preserves seventeen cervical vertebrae, though it clearly would likely have had more in life. These vertebrae are proportionally shorter than those of the closely related Tanystropheus.[1]
In 2017, Li, Rieppel & Fraser described the fossilized embryo of an animal similar to Dinocephalosaurus from rocks of a different locality of the Guanling Formation than the Gracilicollum holotype. Like Gracilicollum, it has a short, pointed rostrum. The specimen has 24 cervical vertebrae. Though it may represent an embryonic individual of Gracilicollum, it cannot be referred to this genus because of its early ontogenetic age and the latter's incompleteness.[1][2]
Classification
Wang et al. (2023) recovered Gracilicollum as a tanystropheid member of the Archosauromorpha, as the sister taxon to Tanytrachelos and Tanystropheus. Though they recovered Gracilicollum as deeply nested within the Tanystropheidae, only one additional step was required to recover it as a dinocephalosaurid. Their proposed phylogenetic relationships for basal archosauromorphs are shown in the cladogram below:[1]
| Archosauromorpha |
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References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 Wang, W.; Spiekman, S. N. F.; Zhao, L.; Rieppel, O.; Scheyer, T. M.; Fraser, N. C.; Li, C. (2023). "A new long-necked archosauromorph from the Guanling Formation (Anisian, Middle Triassic) of southwestern China and its implications for neck evolution in tanystropheids". The Anatomical Record. doi:10.1002/ar.25216. PMID 37029530.
- ↑ Li, Chun (2017). "Viviparity in a Triassic marine archosauromorph reptile". Vertebrata PalAsiatica 55 (3): 210–217. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/318588144.
Wikidata ☰ Q117474590 entry
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