Biology:Guineesine
Guineesine (or guineensine) is a compound isolated from long pepper (Piper longum)[1] and black pepper (Piper nigrum).[2]
It was first isolated, studied and named from Piper guineense.[3][4]
Research
Guineensine inhibits the cellular reuptake of anandamide and 2-arachidonoylglycerol in a mouse model (EC50 = 290 nM).[5][6] This causes an increase in the activity of the two neurotransmitters which are classified as endogenous cannabinoids.
Guineesine can dose-dependently produce cannabimimetic effects in a mouse model[5] which are indicated by potent catatonic, analgesic, hypo-locomotive and hypo-thermic effects. In addition, the analgesic and catatonic effects were reversed by the cannabinoid receptor type 1 (CB1) inverse agonist rimonabant.[5]
Guineesine is also a monoamine oxidase inhibitor (MAOI) in vitro (IC50 = 139.2 μM).[7]
References
- ↑ "荜茇三氯甲烷部位化学成分研究" (in Chinese). Zhongguo Zhong Yao Za Zhi = Zhongguo Zhongyao Zazhi = China Journal of Chinese Materia Medica 34 (9): 1101–3. May 2009. PMID 19685743. http://www.cnki.com.cn.dincheng.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-ZGZY200909012.htm.
- ↑ "Insecticidal activity of isobutylamides derived from Piper nigrum against adult of two mosquito species, Culex pipiens pallens and Aedes aegypti". Natural Product Research 26 (22): 2129–31. 2011. doi:10.1080/14786419.2011.628178. PMID 22010905.
- ↑ OKOGUN, J.I. and Ekong, D.E.U. 1974 Extracts from the Fruits of the Piper guineense. Schum and Thonn. J. Chem. Soc. Perkin Transactions I, 1974, 2195-2198.
- ↑ Okwute, S.K. OKOGUN, J.I. and Okorie, D.A. 1984 Revised Structure and Synthesis of Piperolein acids; Guineensine and Wisanine from Piper guineense, TETRAHEDRON, 40, 2541-2545.
- ↑ 5.0 5.1 5.2 "Guineensine is a novel inhibitor of endocannabinoid uptake showing cannabimimetic behavioral effects in BALB/c mice". Pharmacological Research 80: 52–65. February 2014. doi:10.1016/j.phrs.2013.12.010. PMID 24412246.
- ↑ "Small Molecules from Nature Targeting G-Protein Coupled Cannabinoid Receptors: Potential Leads for Drug Discovery and Development". Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine 2015. 2015. doi:10.1155/2015/238482. PMID 26664449.
- ↑ "Methylpiperate derivatives from Piper longum and their inhibition of monoamine oxidase". Archives of Pharmacal Research 31 (6): 679–83. June 2008. doi:10.1007/s12272-001-1212-7. PMID 18563347.
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