Biology:Gyrotrema papillatum
| Gyrotrema papillatum | |
|---|---|
Scientific classification 
| |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Fungi |
| Division: | Ascomycota |
| Class: | Lecanoromycetes |
| Order: | Graphidales |
| Family: | Graphidaceae |
| Genus: | Gyrotrema |
| Species: | G. papillatum
|
| Binomial name | |
| Gyrotrema papillatum Lücking (2011)
| |
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| Holotype site: Corcovado National Park, Costa Rica[1] | |
Gyrotrema papillatum is a little-known species of corticolous (bark-dwelling), crustose lichen in the family Harpidiaceae.[2] It is known from a single collection in a lowland rainforest region of Costa Rica.
Taxonomy
Gyrotrema papillatum was described as new to science in 2011 by the German lichenologist Robert Lücking. The type specimen of this lichen was collected by the author in Costa Rica, in the Los Patos section of Corcovado National Park (Puntarenas Province). This location is part of the Osa Conservation Area on the Osa Peninsula, situated approximately 160 km (99 mi) southeast of San José and 40 km (25 mi) west-southwest of Golfito; there, in a lowland rainforest zone, at an elevation between 100 and 300 m (330 and 980 ft), it was found growing on the bark of a partially shaded lower tree trunk. At the time of its original publication, the lichen was only known from the type locality. It species epithet alludes to the [[Glossary of lichen terms#{{biology:{1}}}|{{Biology:{1}}}]] nature of its thallus (i.e., covered with papillae, which are small, conically rounded growths).[1]
Description
Gyrotrema papillatum has a grey-green to olive-green thallus adorned with numerous white [[Glossary of lichen terms#{{biology:{1}}}|{{Biology:{1}}}]]. The cortex is [[Glossary of lichen terms#{{biology:{1}}}|{{Biology:{1}}}]]–made of a dense, tightly interwoven layer of fungal hyphae. The [[Glossary of lichen terms#{{biology:{1}}}|{{Biology:{1}}}]] and the medulla beneath often contain clusters of calcium oxalate crystals. The apothecia of G. papillatum are prominent, with a rounded to [[Glossary of lichen terms#{{biology:{1}}}|{{Biology:{1}}}]] shape, measuring 1–1.5 mm in diameter. The exposed [[Glossary of lichen terms#{{biology:{1}}}|{{Biology:{1}}}]] of the apothecia is a cinnabar-red colour. Around this disc, the margin is [[Glossary of lichen terms#{{biology:{1}}}|{{Biology:{1}}}]] to [[Glossary of lichen terms#{{biology:{1}}}|{{Biology:{1}}}]] and fused, sharing the same cinnabar-red hue on the inside. This species lacks a [[Glossary of lichen terms#{{biology:{1}}}|{{Biology:{1}}}]], but instead has concentric rings of [[Glossary of lichen terms#{{biology:{1}}}|excipular]] tissue that separate rings of old hymenia. The youngest hymenium ring is situated closest to the margin. The excipulum is prosoplectenchymatous and [[Glossary of lichen terms#{{biology:{1}}}|{{Biology:{1}}}]], and lacks [[Glossary of lichen terms#{{biology:{1}}}|{{Biology:{1}}}]]. The hymenium stands 80–100 μm high, and the [[Glossary of lichen terms#{{biology:{1}}}|{{Biology:{1}}}]] are unbranched.[1]
Each ascus contains eight [[Glossary of lichen terms#{{biology:{1}}}|{{Biology:{1}}}]] that have between 5 and 9 septa (internal partitions), measuring 25–30 by 6–8 μm. These ellipsoid spores have thick septa and lens-shaped [[Glossary of lichen terms#{{biology:{1}}}|{{Biology:{1}}}]], are colourless, and has a violet-blue reaction when treated with iodine (amyloid reaction). The apothecial disc contains an unidentified type of anthraquinone substance.[1]
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 Lumbsch, H.T.; Ahti, T.; Altermann, S.; De Paz, G.A.; Aptroot, A.; Arup, U. et al. (2011). "One hundred new species of lichenized fungi: a signature of undiscovered global diversity". Phytotaxa 18 (1): 63–64. doi:10.11646/phytotaxa.18.1.1. http://www.mapress.com/phytotaxa/content/2011/f/p00018p127f.pdf.
- ↑ "Gyrotrema papillatum Lücking". Species 2000: Naturalis, Leiden, the Netherlands. https://www.catalogueoflife.org/data/taxon/3J3B4.
Wikidata ☰ Q21265218 entry
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