Biology:Houcaris

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Short description: Genus of radiodonts

Houcaris
Temporal range: Cambrian Series 2
Houcaris (Feart-11-1160285-g005).jpg
Fossils of H. magnabasis (B)
and H. saron (D)
Scientific classification e
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Arthropoda
Class: †Dinocaridida
Order: †Radiodonta
Genus: †Houcaris
Wu, Fu, Ma, Lin, Sun, & Zhang, 2021
Type species
Houcaris saron
(Hou, Bergström, & Ahlberg, 1995)
Referred species
  • †Houcaris magnabasis (Pates, Daley, Edgecombe, Cong, & Lieberman, 2019)

Houcaris is a possibly paraphyletic radiodont genus, tentatively assigned to either Amplectobeluidae, Anomalocarididae or Tamisiocarididae, known from Cambrian Series 2 of China and the United States . It contains two species, Houcaris saron and Houcaris magnabasis, both of which were originally named as species of the related genus Anomalocaris.[1][2] The genus Houcaris was established for the two species in 2021 and honors Hou Xianguang, who had discovered and named the type species Anomalocaris saron in 1995 along with his colleagues Jan Bergström and Per E. Ahlberg.[3]

Species

Houcaris saron

  • Frontal appendage of H. saron

  • Outdated, chimeric reconstruction based on frontal appendage of H. saron and body of Innovatiocaris that is previously considered as whole body fossil of H. saron

H. saron, known from Maotianshan Shale in Yunnan, is first described in 1995 as Anomalocaris saron.[3] This species is only known from frontal appendages. There is a specimen (ELRC 20001) that is previously considered as whole body fossil of this species,[3] but later study shows that this specimen is not belonging to this species, and later given own genus Innovatiocaris.[4][5][6] Length of frontal appendage is up to at least 12 cm.[1] Sometimes considered to belong to family Anomalocarididae[7][8] or Amplectobeluidae.[9][10]

Houcaris magnabasis

  • Frontal appendage of H. magnabasis

H. magnabasis, known from Pioche Shale and Pyramid shale in Nevada, is originally described as Anomalocaris cf. saron in 2003,[11] and later named as Anomalocaris magnabasis in 2019.[2] This species is only known from frontal appendages and some partial fossils of oral cone (mouthpart) and flaps.[2] Largest estimated length of frontal appendage is 17.5 cm.[2] Sometimes considered to belong to family Anomalocarididae[7][8] or Amplectobeluidae.[9][10]

References

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 Wu, Yu; Fu, Dongjing; Ma, Jiaxin; Lin, Weiliang; Sun, Ao; Zhang, Xingliang (2021). "Houcaris gen. nov. from the early Cambrian (Stage 3) Chengjiang Lagerstätte expanded the palaeogeographical distribution of tamisiocaridids (Panarthropoda: Radiodonta)". PalZ 95 (2): 209–221. doi:10.1007/s12542-020-00545-4. ISSN 1867-6812. https://link.springer.com/10.1007/s12542-020-00545-4. 
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 Pates, Stephen; Daley, Allison C.; Edgecombe, Gregory D.; Cong, Peiyun; Lieberman, Bruce S. (2019). Xi‐Guang Zhang (ed.). "Systematics, preservation and biogeography of radiodonts from the southern Great Basin, USA, during the upper Dyeran (Cambrian Series 2, Stage 4)". Papers in Palaeontology 7: –2.1277. doi:10.1002/spp2.1277. ISSN 2056-2802. https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1002/spp2.1277. 
  3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 Hou, Xian-Guang; Bergström, Jan; Ahlberg, Per (1995). "Anomalocaris and other large animals in the lower Cambrian Chengjiang fauna of southwest China". GFF 117 (3): 163–183. doi:10.1080/11035899509546213. ISSN 1103-5897. 
  4. ↑ Zeng, Han; Zhao, Fangchen; Niu, Kecheng; Zhu, Maoyan; Huang, Diying (2020). "An early Cambrian euarthropod with radiodont-like raptorial appendages" (in en). Nature 588 (7836): 101–105. doi:10.1038/s41586-020-2883-7. ISSN 1476-4687. PMID 33149303. Bibcode: 2020Natur.588..101Z. https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-020-2883-7. 
  5. ↑ Moysiuk, Joseph; Caron, Jean-Bernard (2021). "Exceptional multifunctionality in the feeding apparatus of a mid-Cambrian radiodont" (in en). Paleobiology 47 (4): 704–724. doi:10.1017/pab.2021.19. ISSN 0094-8373. 
  6. ↑ Zeng, Han; Zhao, Fangchen; Zhu, Maoyan (2022-09-07). "Innovatiocaris, a complete radiodont from the early Cambrian Chengjiang Lagerstätte and its implications for the phylogeny of Radiodonta". Journal of the Geological Society 180. doi:10.1144/jgs2021-164. ISSN 0016-7649. https://doi.org/10.1144/jgs2021-164. 
  7. ↑ 7.0 7.1 Van Roy, Peter; Daley, Allison C.; Briggs, Derek E. G. (2015). "Anomalocaridid trunk limb homology revealed by a giant filter-feeder with paired flaps" (in en). Nature 522 (7554): 77–80. doi:10.1038/nature14256. ISSN 1476-4687. PMID 25762145. Bibcode: 2015Natur.522...77V. https://www.nature.com/articles/nature14256. 
  8. ↑ 8.0 8.1 Liu, Jianni; Lerosey-Aubril, Rudy; Steiner, Michael; Dunlop, Jason A; Shu, Degan; Paterson, John R (2018-11-01). "Origin of raptorial feeding in juvenile euarthropods revealed by a Cambrian radiodontan". National Science Review 5 (6): 863–869. doi:10.1093/nsr/nwy057. ISSN 2095-5138. 
  9. ↑ 9.0 9.1 Vinther, Jakob; Stein, Martin; Longrich, Nicholas R.; Harper, David A. T. (2014). "A suspension-feeding anomalocarid from the Early Cambrian" (in en). Nature 507 (7493): 496–499. doi:10.1038/nature13010. ISSN 1476-4687. PMID 24670770. Bibcode: 2014Natur.507..496V. https://www.nature.com/articles/nature13010. 
  10. ↑ 10.0 10.1 Lerosey-Aubril, Rudy; Pates, Stephen (2018-09-14). "New suspension-feeding radiodont suggests evolution of microplanktivory in Cambrian macronekton" (in en). Nature Communications 9 (1): 3774. doi:10.1038/s41467-018-06229-7. ISSN 2041-1723. PMID 30218075. Bibcode: 2018NatCo...9.3774L. 
  11. ↑ Lieberman, Bruce S. (2003). "A new soft-bodied fauna: The Pioche Formation of Nevada" (in en). Journal of Paleontology 77 (4): 674–690. doi:10.1666/0022-3360(2003)077<0674:ANSFTP>2.0.CO;2. ISSN 0022-3360. https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/journal-of-paleontology/article/abs/new-softbodied-fauna-the-pioche-formation-of-nevada/74A5F0DE3C3DEC6A14C9FC4EAE817E66. 

Wikidata ☰ Q107260337 entry




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