Biology:Hyloxalus
| Hyloxalus | |
|---|---|
| |
| Cream-backed poison frog (H. subpunctatus) | |
Scientific classification 
| |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Chordata |
| Class: | Amphibia |
| Order: | Anura |
| Family: | Dendrobatidae |
| Subfamily: | Hyloxalinae |
| Genus: | Hyloxalus Jiménez de la Espada, 1870 |
| Type species | |
| Hyloxalus fuliginosus Jiménez de la Espada, 1870
| |
| Species | |
|
63 species (see text) | |
| Synonyms[1] | |
|
Phyllodromus Jiménez de la Espada, 1875 | |
Hyloxalus is a genus of poison dart frogs, family Dendrobatidae.[1][2][3][4] The genus is distributed in Central and South America, from Panama south to Peru (along the Pacific coast), along with Venezuela, Colombia, and Ecuador. They also inhabit the eastern foothills of the Andes in Bolivia to Venezuela, east to the upper Amazon Basin.[1]
Description
Hyloxalus are small to moderate-size frogs, ranging from about 19 to 33 mm (0.7 to 1.3 in) in snout–vent length.[4] Most species have cryptic, brown, gray, or black dorsal coloration, but some have conspicuous, bright colors (e.g., Hyloxalus azureiventris). A pale oblique lateral stripe is always present. Toe webbing is absent in most species but is present in some species and can even be extensive. Fingers bear narrow to moderately expanded discs.[5]
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Reproduction
Most species deposits their eggs in terrestrial nests and transport the tadpoles to pools on the forest floor or in backwaters of streams. Hyloxalus chlorocraspedus uses pools formed in fallen trees.[4]
Species
As of early 2022, there are 63 recognized species:[1]
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 Frost, Darrel R. (2022). "Hyloxalus Jiménez de la Espada, 1870". Amphibian Species of the World: An Online Reference. Version 6.1. American Museum of Natural History. doi:10.5531/db.vz.0001. https://amphibiansoftheworld.amnh.org/Amphibia/Anura/Dendrobatoidea/Dendrobatidae/Hyloxalinae/Hyloxalus.
- ↑ "Dendrobatidae". AmphibiaWeb. University of California, Berkeley. 2022. http://amphibiaweb.org/lists/Dendrobatidae.shtml.
- ↑ "Hyloxalus Jiménez de la Espada, 1870". Biolib.cz. https://www.biolib.cz/en/taxon/id303716/.
- ↑ 4.0 4.1 4.2 Vitt, Laurie J.; Caldwell, Janalee P. (2014). Herpetology: An Introductory Biology of Amphibians and Reptiles (4th ed.). Academic Press. p. 490. OCLC 839312807.
- ↑ Grant, Taran; Frost, Darrel R.; Caldwell, Janalee P.; Gagliardo, Ron; Haddad, Célio F.B.; Kok, Philippe J.R.; Means, D. Bruce; Noonan, Brice P. et al. (2006). "Phylogenetic systematics of dart-poison frogs and their relatives (Amphibia: Athesphatanura: Dendrobatidae)". Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 299: 1–262. doi:10.1206/0003-0090(2006)299[1:PSODFA2.0.CO;2]. https://digitallibrary.amnh.org/handle/2246/5803.
Wikidata ☰ Q135031 entry
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