Biology:Ischaemum byrone
| Ischaemum byrone | |
|---|---|
| |
| In Haleakalā National Park, Maui | |
Scientific classification 
| |
| Kingdom: | Plantae |
| Clade: | Tracheophytes |
| Clade: | Angiosperms |
| Clade: | Monocots |
| Clade: | Commelinids |
| Order: | Poales |
| Family: | Poaceae |
| Subfamily: | Panicoideae |
| Genus: | Ischaemum |
| Species: | I. byrone
|
| Binomial name | |
| Ischaemum byrone (Trin.) Hitchc. (1922)
| |
| Synonyms[3] | |
| |
Ischaemum byrone, commonly known as Hilo murainagrass or Hilo ischaemum, is a species of grass native to the Pacific Islands, including the Cook Islands, Fiji, Hawaiian Islands, New Caledonia, Niue, Society Islands, Tonga, Tubuai Islands, and Wallis and Futuna.[3] In Hawaii it is found on the islands of Kauai, Maui, Molokai, and Hawaii but has unfortunately been extirpated from Oahu, where it was once known to grow.[2] There are perhaps 1,000 to 3,000 individual plants remaining in total.[2]
This grass is perennial, spreading via stolons, with stems reaching up to 80 centimetres (31 in) in maximum height.[2] It usually grows at the coastline, often in cracks in the lava cliffs.[4]
On the island of Hawaii, there are at least four populations and perhaps more scattered occurrences. At least one large occurrence has been recently destroyed by a lava flow at Hawaiʻi Volcanoes National Park.[5] There are at least five occurrences on Kauai and six on Maui with up to several thousand plants existing.[5] On Molokai, a 1994 count estimated about 1000 individuals.[5]
Threats to this species include volcanism, development, trampling, non-native plants, fire, and off-road vehicles.[2]
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References
- ↑ Opgenorth, M.; Rønsted, N. (2025). "Ischaemum byrone" (in en). IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2025. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2025-2.RLTS.T80091251A80091291.en. https://www.iucnredlist.org/species/80091251/80091291.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 I. byrone. The Nature Conservancy.
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 "Ischaemum byrone (Trin.) Hitchc.". Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. https://powo.science.kew.org/taxon/urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:406130-1.
- ↑ I. byrone. Colorado State.
- ↑ 5.0 5.1 5.2 USFWS. I. byrone Five-year Review. August 2010.
External links
Wikidata ☰ Q6079205 entry
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