Biology:Kuhlia mugil
| Kuhlia mugil | |
|---|---|
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| Kuhlia mugil | |
Scientific classification 
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| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Chordata |
| Class: | Actinopterygii |
| Order: | Perciformes |
| Family: | Kuhliidae |
| Genus: | Kuhlia |
| Species: | K. mugil
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| Binomial name | |
| Kuhlia mugil (J. R. Forster, 1801)
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| Synonyms[2] | |
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Kuhlia mugil, the barred flagtail, the fiveband flagtail or the five-bar flagtail, is a species of marine ray-finned fish, a flagtail belonging to the family Kuhliidae. It is found in the Indo-Pacific region.
Description
Kuhlia mugil has a compressed body which is shaped like an elongated oval with a large eye and an oblique mouth which has a projecting lower jaw.[3] It is covered with moderately large ctenoid scales. It is normally silver in colour, although the upper flanks sometimes show a bluish, brownish or yellowish tinge. The caudal fin has a pattern of five dark bars alternating with paler areas.[4] There is a dusky band along the margin of the soft rayed portion of the dorsal fin except for a white tip on the highest anterior part.[2] The tip of the snout and the tip of the chain are blackish.[5] The dorsal fin is deeply notched.[3] There are 10 spines and 10–11 soft rays in the dorsal fin with 3 spines and 10–12 soft rays in the anal fin. It can attain a standard length of 40 centimetres (16 in).[2]
Distribution
Kuhlia mugil has a widespread distribution which encompasses the Indian Ocean and the Pacific Ocean. It is found from the Red Sea and the east African coast east through the Indo-Pacific to the eastern Pacific islands of Clipperton, Cocos and Revillagigedo. The range extends north to southern Japan, and south to Australia.[1] In Australia the range extends from the Torres Strait to Seal Rocks, New South Wales as well as Lord Howe Island and Norfolk Island in the Tasman Sea and the Cocos (Keeling) Islands and Christmas Island in the Indian Ocean.[5] In the eastern Pacific they are found at the tip of Baja California and along the coast from Costa Rica to Colombia.[3] The species is absent from the Marquesas, Hawaii and Easter Island, Pitcairn Island, and Johnston Island.[2]
Habitat and biology
This species occurs on reefs at depths of 3 to 18 m (9.8 to 59.1 ft), where they form tightly packed schools. Young fish can also be found in tide pools. This species has also been reported occasionally from estuaries but never from fresh waters.[2] It is a nocturnal forager, preying mainly on zooplankton and small fishes.[5]
Usage
Kuhlia mugil is caught for food, bait, and the aquarium trade. Fishermen use seines, gill nets and hook and line to catch them.[1] It is sold fresh or preserved by drying and salting.[2]
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 Hoese, D.; Mailautoka, K. (2012). "Kuhlia mugil". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2012: e.T196412A2455231. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2012.RLTS.T196412A2455231.en. https://www.iucnredlist.org/species/196412/2455231. Retrieved 19 November 2021.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 2.5 Froese, Rainer and Pauly, Daniel, eds. (2019). "Kuhlia mugil" in FishBase. December 2019 version.
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 "Species: Kuhlia mugil, Barred flagtail, Five-bar flagtail". Shorefishes of the Eastern Pacific online information system. Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute. https://biogeodb.stri.si.edu/sftep/en/thefishes/species/1582.
- ↑ Mark McGrouther (19 February 2020). "Fivebar Flagtail, Kuhlia mugil (Bloch & Schneider, 1801)". Australian Museum. https://australianmuseum.net.au/learn/animals/fishes/fivebar-flagtail-kuhlia-mugil/.
- ↑ 5.0 5.1 5.2 Dianne J. Bray. "Kuhlia mugil". Fishes of Australia. Museums Victoria. http://136.154.202.208/Home/species/4457.
Bibliography
- Randall, J.E. and H.A. Randall (2001) Review of the fishes of the genus Kuhlia (Perciformes: Kuhliidae) of the Central Pacific., Pac. Sci. 55(3):227–256.
- Randall, J.E. (1995) Coastal fishes of Oman., University of Hawaii Press, Honolulu, Hawaii. 439 pp.
- Talwar, P.K. and A.G. Jhingran (1991) Inland fishes of India and adjacent countries. Volume 2., A.A. Balkema, Rotterdam.
- Eschmeyer, W.N. (ed.) (2005) Catalog of fishes
- Maugé, L.A. (1986) Kuhliidae., pp. 306–307. In J. Daget, J.-P. Gosse and D.F.E. Thys van den Audenaerde (eds.) Check-list of the freshwater fishes of Africa (CLOFFA). ISNB, Bruxelles, MRAC, Tervuren; and ORSTOM, Paris. Vol. 2.
External links
- Marine Life Photography
- EoL
- Discover Life
- WoRMS
- Bisby F.A., Roskov Y.R., Orrell T.M., Nicolson D., Paglinawan L.E., Bailly N., Kirk P.M., Bourgoin T., Baillargeon G., Ouvrard D. (red.) (2011). Catalogue of Life
Wikidata ☰ Q2008129 entry
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