Biology:Leptobos

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Short description: Extinct genus of mammals

Leptobos
Temporal range: Late Pliocene to Early Pleistocene 3.5–0.8 Ma
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Leptobos etruscus 1.JPG
Skeleton of Leptobos etruscus
Scientific classification e
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Mammalia
Order: Artiodactyla
Family: Bovidae
Subfamily: Bovinae
Genus: †Leptobos
Rütimeyer, 1878
Species

See text

Leptobos is an extinct genus of large bovine, known from the Late Pliocene and Early Pleistocene of Eurasia, extending from the Iberian Peninsula to northern China.[1] Species of Leptobos reached a weight up to 320 kg.[2] Leptobos is considered to be closely related to the insular genus Epileptobos from the Pleistocene of Java[3], and is considered to be ancestral to Bison.[1] The dietary preference across the genus includes species that were browsers,[4] grazers[5] and mixed feeders (both browsing and grazing).[6] The first appearance of Leptobos in Europe around 3.6-3.5 million years ago is considered to define the beginning of the Villafranchian European faunal stage.[7] Leptobos became extinct after being replaced by their descendant Bison during the Early Pleistocene, after a period of temporal overlap.[1] "Leptobos" syrticus from Libya likely belongs in a different genus.[3]

Species

  • Leptobos brevicornis (China)
  • Leptobos crassus (China)
  • Leptobos falconeri (Pakistan)
  • Leptobos stenometopon (France and Italy)
  • Leptobos merlai (France and Italy)
  • Leptobos furtivus (France also possibly Italy)
  • Leptobos etruscus (France, Italy, and Spain)
  • Leptobos vallisarni (Italy and China)
Leptobos etruscus lower jaw and silhouette

References

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 Sorbelli, Leonardo; Alba, David M.; Cherin, Marco; Moullé, Pierre-Élie; Brugal, Jean-Philip; Madurell-Malapeira, Joan (June 2021). "A review on Bison schoetensacki and its closest relatives through the early-Middle Pleistocene transition: Insights from the Vallparadís Section (NE Iberian Peninsula) and other European localities" (in en). Quaternary Science Reviews 261: 106933. doi:10.1016/j.quascirev.2021.106933. https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0277379121001402. 
  2. ↑ http://quaternaire.revues.org/index1014.html?file=1 p.140
  3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 Mead, Jim I.; Jin, Changzhu; Wei, Guangbiao; Sun, Chengkai; Wang, Yuan; Swift, Sandra L.; Zheng, Longting (December 2014). "New data on Leptobos crassus (Artiodactyla, Bovidae) from Renzidong Cave, Early Pleistocene (Nihewanian) of Anhui, China, and an overview of the genus" (in en). Quaternary International 354: 139–146. doi:10.1016/j.quaint.2014.02.019. https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S1040618214001098. 
  4. ↑ Haiduc, Bogdan S.; Răţoi, Bogdan G.; Semprebon, Gina M. (2018-02-22). "Dietary reconstruction of Plio-Pleistocene proboscideans from the Carpathian Basin of Romania using enamel microwear" (in en). Quaternary International 467: 222–229. doi:10.1016/j.quaint.2018.01.039. ISSN 1040-6182. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1040618217315148. 
  5. ↑ Zhao, LingXia; Zhang, LiZhao; Zhang, FuSong; Wu, XinZhi (2011-09-12). "Enamel carbon isotope evidence of diet and habitat of Gigantopithecus blacki and associated mammalian megafauna in the Early Pleistocene of South China". Chinese Science Bulletin 56 (33): 3590–3595. doi:10.1007/s11434-011-4732-4. ISSN 1001-6538. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11434-011-4732-4. 
  6. ↑ Strani, Flavia; DeMiguel, Daniel; Sardella, Raffaele; Bellucci, Luca (July 2018). "Resource and niche differentiation mechanisms by sympatric Early Pleistocene ungulates: the case study of Coste San Giacomo" (in en). Quaternary International 481: 157–163. doi:10.1016/j.quaint.2017.08.064. https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S1040618216315944. 
  7. ↑ van Kolfschoten, T. (2013-01-01), Elias, Scott A.; Mock, Cary J., eds. (in en), QUATERNARY STRATIGRAPHY | Continental Biostratigraphy, Amsterdam: Elsevier, pp. 206–214, ISBN 978-0-444-53642-6, https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/B9780444536433000595, retrieved 2021-10-31 

External links

Wikidata ☰ Q3011777 entry





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