Biology:Lesser brown horseshoe bat
| Lesser brown horseshoe bat | |
|---|---|
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Scientific classification 
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| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Chordata |
| Class: | Mammalia |
| Order: | Chiroptera |
| Family: | Rhinolophidae |
| Genus: | Rhinolophus |
| Species: | R. stheno
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| Binomial name | |
| Rhinolophus stheno K. Andersen, 1905
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| Lesser brown horseshoe bat range | |
The lesser brown horseshoe bat (Rhinolophus stheno) is a species of bat in the family Rhinolophidae. It is found in China,[2] Indonesia (on Java and Sumatra), Malaysia, Myanmar,[3] Thailand, and Vietnam.[1]
Taxonomy
Rhinolophus stheno was first described by Knud Andersen in 1905, from a specimen collected by H. N. Ridley in Selangor, Malaysia.[4][5] It was included in the megaphyllus group by Andersen, euryotis group of Rhinolophus by Bodgdanowicz in 1992, and then back in the megaphyllus group by Csorba et al in 2003.[6][7]
A subspecies, Rhinolophus stheno microglobosus, was described in 1998 by Gábor Csorba and Paulina Jenkins, but a 2008 analysis by Soisook et al described it as a separate species.[8][6]
Description
R. stheno is a medium-sized bat, with a forearm length of about 45 millimetres (1.8 in) and a short tail. The back is grey to reddish-brown in color, while the undersides are a similar color but lighter.[6] It is overall similar in appearance to R. malayanus. R. stheno can be distinguished by greater "inflation of the anterior median compartments of the rostrum", narrower post-orbital constriction, and proportions of the first and second finger bones on the third finger.[6]
R. stheno's habitat includes forests, rubber plantations, and other agricultural zones. It roosts in caves. It has be found at elevations up to 1,700 metres (5,600 ft) above sea level.[1] Pregnancies occur March to May, and lactation May to July.[6]
It is listed as a species of least concern by the IUCN due to its likely large population and wide distribution.[1] It is common in Thailand, and may be less common in other parts of its range.[1]
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 Bates, P.J.J.; Bumrungsri, S.; Csorba, G.; Soisook, P. (2019). "Rhinolophus stheno". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2019. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2019-3.RLTS.T84383122A21991664.en. https://www.iucnredlist.org/species/84383122/21991664. Retrieved 15 November 2021.
- ↑ Zhang, Libiao; Jones, Gareth; Zhang, Jinshuo; Zhu, Guangjian; Parsons, Stuart; Rossiter, Stephen J.; Zhang, Shuyi (2009-06-30). "Recent surveys of bats (Mammalia: Chiroptera) from China. I. Rhinolophidae and Hipposideridae". Acta Chiropterologica 11 (1): 71–88. doi:10.3161/150811009X465703. https://www.ingentaconnect.com/content/miiz/actac/2009/00000011/00000001/art00006.
- ↑ Bates, Paul J.J.; Thi, Mar Mar; Nwe, Tin; Bu, Si Si Hla; Mie, Khin Mie; Nyo, Nyo; Khaing, Aye Aye; Aye, Nu Nu et al. (2004-06-01). "A review of Rhinolophus (Chiroptera: Rhinolophidae) from Myanmar, including three species new to the country". Acta Chiropterologica 6 (1): 23–48. doi:10.3161/1508110042176653. https://www.ingentaconnect.com/content/miiz/actac/2004/00000006/00000001/art00003.
- ↑ Csorba, Gabor; Jenkins, Paulina D. (26 November 1998). "First records and a new subspecies of Rhinolophus stheno (Chiroptera, Rhinolophidae) from Vietnam". Bulletin of the Natural History Museum of London 64 (2): 207–211. https://hunbat.hu/html/publikaciok_link/cikkek/east-asia/Rhinolophus_stheno_from_Vietnam.pdf.
- ↑ Andersen, Knud (1905). "3. On some Bats of the Genus Rhinolophus, with Remarks on their Mutual Affinities, and Descriptions of Twenty-six new Forms" (in en). Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London 75 (3): 75–144. doi:10.1111/j.1469-7998.1905.tb08381.x. ISSN 1469-7998. https://zslpublications.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111/j.1469-7998.1905.tb08381.x.
- ↑ 6.0 6.1 6.2 6.3 6.4 Soisook, Pipat; Bumrungsri, Sara; Satasook, Chutamas; Thong, Vu Dinh; Bu, Si Si Hla; Harrison, David L.; Bates, Paul J. J. (2008-12-31). "A taxonomic review of Rhinolophus stheno and R. malayanus (Chiroptera: Rhinolophidae) from continental Southeast Asia: an evaluation of echolocation call frequency in discriminating between cryptic species". Acta Chiropterologica 10 (2): 221–242. doi:10.3161/150811008X414818. https://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/document?repid=rep1&type=pdf&doi=6b56b618e4736ece20c49e08a1af751dd6e62e8f.
- ↑ Bogdanowicz, Wiesław (1992-06-12). "Phenetic relationships among bats of the family Rhinolophidae". Acta Theriologica 37: 213–240. doi:10.4098/AT.arch.92-22. http://rcin.org.pl/ibs/dlibra/docmetadata?id=11792&from=publication.
- ↑ Thomas, Nikky M.; Duckworth, J. W.; Douangboubpha, Bounsavane; Williams, Meredith; Francis, Charles M. (2013-06-30). "A checklist of bats (Mammalia: Chiroptera) from Lao PDR". Acta Chiropterologica 15 (1): 193–260. doi:10.3161/150811013X667993. https://www.ingentaconnect.com/content/miiz/actac/2013/00000015/00000001/art00018.
Wikidata ☰ Q1762905 entry
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