Biology:Lilium philadelphicum
| Lilium philadelphicum | |
|---|---|
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Scientific classification 
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| Kingdom: | Plantae |
| Clade: | Tracheophytes |
| Clade: | Angiosperms |
| Clade: | Monocots |
| Order: | Liliales |
| Family: | Liliaceae |
| Subfamily: | Lilioideae |
| Tribe: | Lilieae |
| Genus: | Lilium |
| Species: | L. philadelphicum
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| Binomial name | |
| Lilium philadelphicum | |
| Synonyms[1] | |
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Lilium philadelphicum, also known as the wood lily, Philadelphia lily, prairie lily, or western red lily, is a perennial species of lily native to North America.[2]
Distribution
The plant is widely distributed in much of Canada from British Columbia to Quebec, and parts of the United States (Northeast and Great Lakes regions plus the Rocky and Appalachian Mountains).[3][4]
Description
Lilium philadelphicum grows to a height of approximately 30 to 90 centimeters. It produces red or orange blooms between June and August.[5]
Varieties
- Lilium philadelphicum var. andinum—western wood lily, native to Midwestern U.S., Great Plains, and Western U.S. regions.[6] It is the floral emblem of the province of Saskatchewan in Canada, and is on the flag of Saskatchewan.[7][8][9]
Conservation
Lilium philadelphicum is listed as an endangered species in Maryland, New Mexico, Tennessee and North Carolina.[3][10] Its status is a threatened species in Kentucky and Ohio.[3]
As the Saskatchewan provincial floral emblem, it is protected under the Provincial Emblems and Honours Act, and cannot be picked, uprooted or destroyed in any manner.[8][7]
Toxicity
Cats are extremely sensitive to lily toxicity and ingestion is often fatal.[11][12][13] Households and gardens that are visited by cats are strongly advised against keeping this plant or placing dried flowers where a cat may brush against them and become dusted with pollen that they then consume while cleaning. Suspected cases require urgent veterinary attention.[14]
Rapid treatment with activated charcoal and/or induced vomiting can reduce the amount of toxin absorbed (this is time-sensitive so in some cases, vets may advise doing it at home), and large amounts of fluid by IV can reduce damage to kidneys to increase the chances of survival.[14]
Traditional uses
The bulbs were eaten by some Native Americans.[15]
Gallery
Flower with foliage
Side view of flower
Immature flower
Rare yellow form in Logan County, North Dakota, USA
Exhibit at Callaway Gardens
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References
- ↑ Kew World Checklist of Selected Plant Families
- ↑ Skinner, Mark W. (2002), "Lilium philadelphicum", in Flora of North America Editorial Committee, Flora of North America North of Mexico (FNA), 26, New York and Oxford, http://www.efloras.org/florataxon.aspx?flora_id=1&taxon_id=242101743
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 "Lilium philadelphicum". Natural Resources Conservation Service PLANTS Database. USDA. https://plants.usda.gov/core/profile?symbol=LIPH.
- ↑ "Lilium philadelphicum", County-level distribution map from the North American Plant Atlas (NAPA) (Biota of North America Program (BONAP)), 2014, http://bonap.net/MapGallery/County/Lilium%20philadelphicum.png
- ↑ "Plant detail: Lilium philadelphicum". Evergreen. 2008. http://www.evergreen.ca/nativeplants/search/view-plant.php?ID=00400.
- ↑ Lilium philadelphicum, Lady Bird Johnson Wildflower Center, University of Texas at Austin, http://www.wildflower.org/plants/result.php?id_plant=LIPHA
- ↑ 7.0 7.1 "Government House Gardens Showcase Western Red Lily". Government of Saskatchewan. 2005-07-21. http://www.gov.sk.ca/news?newsId=864f93b3-c3ac-4043-92ed-a2e87bea2507.
- ↑ 8.0 8.1 "Saskatchewan's Provincial Flower". Government of Saskatchewan. http://www.ops.gov.sk.ca/Default.aspx?DN=4265786e-9990-4a67-8dec-67cb3cc96849., designated in 1941.
- ↑ "Saskatchewan". Government of Canada. 2013-08-20. http://www.pch.gc.ca/eng/1363290315306.
- ↑ "Endangered Plants of North Carolina". North Carolina Natural. February 2000. http://ncnatural.com/wildflwr/endangrd.html#L.
- ↑ Frequently Asked Questions No Lilies For Cats.
- ↑ Fitzgerald, KT (2010). "Lily toxicity in the cat". Top Companion Anim Med 25 (4): 213–7. doi:10.1053/j.tcam.2010.09.006. PMID 21147474.
- ↑ Lilies Pet Poison Helpline.
- ↑ 14.0 14.1 Lily Poisoning in Cats. Pet MD.
- ↑ Niering, William A.; Olmstead, Nancy C. (1985). The Audubon Society Field Guide to North American Wildflowers, Eastern Region. Knopf. p. 602. ISBN 0-394-50432-1.
External links
Wikidata ☰ Q136874 entry
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