Biology:List of almond diseases

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This article is a list of diseases of almonds (Prunus dulcis).

Bacterial diseases

Leaf scorch/Golden death Xylella fastidiosa[1][2]
Bacterial blast Pseudomonas syringae[3]
Bacterial canker Pseudomonas syringae pv. syringae[2]
Bacterial hyperplastic canker Pseudomonas amygdali
Bacterial spot Xanthomonas pruni (syn. X. campestris pv. pruni)
Crown gall Agrobacterium tumefaciens[1]

Mycoplasmal diseases

Brown line and decline See § Peach yellow leaf roll phytoplasma. Called Peach yellow leafroll mycoplasma in some sources.[1]

Phytoplasmal diseases

Brown line and decline[2]

Kernel shrivel[2]

Peach yellow leaf roll phytoplasma[4][1]
European stone fruit yellows[2] European stone fruit yellows phytoplasma
Western X disease[2] Western-X phytoplasma

Fungal diseases

For treatment in the US, see Fungicide use in the United States#Almonds.

Alternaria leaf spot Alternaria alternata[1][2]
Anthracnose Colletotrichum acutatum[1][2]
Armillaria root rot[2]
Band canker[2]

   = Dothiorella canker[2]

Fusarium root rot Fusarium spp.
Brown rot[2]

Monilinia fructicola

Brown rot blossom blight or "brown rot"
Ceratocystis canker Ceratocystis fimbriata[2]
Green fruit rot[2]
Hull rot[2]
Kernel decay
Leaf blight[2]
Leaf curl[2] Taphrina deformans
Leucostoma canker[2]
Phomopsis canker and fruit rot[2]
Phytophthora root and crown rot[2]
Powdery mildew
Pythium root rot Pythium spp.
Red leaf blotch Polystigma ochraceum[2]
Rust

   = Stone fruit rust

Tranzschelia discolor[2]
Scab[2]
Shot hole[2]
Silver leaf Chondrostereum purpureum[2]
Verticillium wilt

   = Blackheart[2]

Verticillium dahliae[1][2]

Nematode diseases

Nematode diseases of almond[2] include:

Dagger nematode[5] Xiphinema americanum
Ring nematode Mesocriconema xenoplax
Root-knot nematode
Root-lesion nematode

Viral diseases

Viruses infecting almond[2] include:

Calico genus Ilarvirus, Prunus necrotic ringspot virus (PNRSV)
Enation genus Nepovirus, Tomato black ring virus (TBRV)
Infectious bud failure genus Ilarvirus, Prunus necrotic ringspot virus (PNRSV)
Peach mosaic Cherry mottle leaf virus
Peach yellow bud mosaic genus Nepovirus, Tomato ringspot virus (ToRSV)

Miscellaneous diseases and disorders

Unknown or non-infectious disorders[2] include:

Bryobia mite insect infestation
Corky growth (on leaves) Physiological
Corky spot (on kernels) Unknown
Foamy canker Unknown
Noninfectious bud failure = Crazy top Genetic
Nonproductive syndrome = Bull trees Unknown
Union mild etch Unknown

References

  1. ↑ 1.00 1.01 1.02 1.03 1.04 1.05 1.06 1.07 1.08 1.09 1.10 "Almond - Diseases and Pests, Description, Uses, Propagation". http://plantvillage.psu.edu/topics/almond/infos. 
  2. ↑ 2.00 2.01 2.02 2.03 2.04 2.05 2.06 2.07 2.08 2.09 2.10 2.11 2.12 2.13 2.14 2.15 2.16 2.17 2.18 2.19 2.20 2.21 2.22 2.23 2.24 2.25 2.26 2.27 2.28 2.29 2.30 2.31 2.32 2.33 2.34 2.35 2.36 "Diseases of Almond". 2022-05-17. http://www.apsnet.org/edcenter/resources/commonnames/Pages/DiseasesofAlmond.aspx. 
  3. ↑ "Bacterial Blast in Almond". Western Agricultural Processors Association. 2021-01-04. http://www.wcngg.com/2021/01/04/bacterial-blast-in-almond/. 
  4. ↑ Bragard, Claude; Dehnen‐Schmutz, Katharina; Gonthier, Paolo; Jaques Miret, Josep Anton; Justesen, Annemarie Fejer; MacLeod, Alan; Magnusson, Christer Sven; Milonas, Panagiotis et al. (2020). "Pest categorisation of the non‐EU phytoplasmas of Cydonia Mill., Fragaria L., Malus Mill., Prunus L., Pyrus L., Ribes L., Rubus L. and Vitis L.". EFSA Journal (European Food Safety Authority (Wiley)) 18 (1). doi:10.2903/j.efsa.2020.5929. ISSN 1831-4732. 
  5. ↑ "Nematodes / Almond / Agriculture: Pest Management". UC Agriculture and Natural Resources (UC ANR). http://www2.ipm.ucanr.edu/agriculture/almond/nematodes/. 



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