Biology:List of ctenomyids

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Short description: Species in mammal family Ctenomyidae

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Brown tuco-tuco
Silky tuco-tuco (Ctenomys sericeus)

Ctenomyidae is a family of fossorial mammals in the order Rodentia and part of the Caviomorpha parvorder. Members of this family are called ctenomyids or tuco-tucos. They are found in southern South America, primarily in shrublands and grasslands, though some species can be found in forests, savannas, deserts, wetlands, and coastal areas. They range in size from the white-toothed tuco-tuco, at 11 cm (4 in) plus a 7 cm (3 in) tail, to Conover's tuco-tuco, at 33 cm (13 in) plus a 11 cm (4 in) tail. Ctenomyids are herbivores and eat a wide variety of vegetation.[1] No ctenomyids have population estimates, but ten species are categorized as an endangered species, and four—the Peruvian tuco-tuco, Reig's tuco-tuco, Roig's tuco-tuco, and the social tuco-tuco—are categorized as critically endangered.

The 60 extant species of Ctenomyidae are all contained in a single genus, Ctenomys. A few extinct prehistoric ctenomyid species have been discovered, though due to ongoing research and discoveries, the exact number and categorization is not fixed.[2]

Conventions

Template:IUCN statuses

The author citation for the species or genus is given after the scientific name; parentheses around the author citation indicate that this was not the original taxonomic placement. Conservation status codes listed follow the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) Red List of Threatened Species. Range maps are provided wherever possible; if a range map is not available, a description of the ctenomyid's range is provided. Ranges are based on the IUCN Red List for that species unless otherwise noted.

Classification

Ctenomyidae is a family consisting of 60 extant species in a single genus, Ctenomys. This does not include hybrid species or extinct prehistoric species.

Southern South America
Ctenomyidae distribution

Ctenomyids

The following classification is based on the taxonomy described by the reference work Mammal Species of the World (2005), with augmentation by generally accepted proposals made since using molecular phylogenetic analysis, as supported by both the IUCN and the American Society of Mammalogists.[3]

Genus Ctenomys – Blainville, 1826 – 60 species
Common name Scientific name and subspecies Range Size and ecology IUCN status and estimated population
Argentine tuco-tuco


C. argentinus
Berry & Contreras, 1982 		Northern Argentina Size: 17–18 cm (7 in) long, plus 7–9 cm (3–4 in) tail[4]

Habitat: Shrubland and grassland[5] 		 NT 


Unknown Population declining[5]

Azara's tuco-tuco

Brown rodent

C. azarae
Thomas, 1903 		Central Argentina Size: 16–20 cm (6–8 in) long, plus 6–9 cm (2–4 in) tail[6]

Habitat: Shrubland[7] 		 EN 


Unknown Population declining[7]

Berg's tuco-tuco


C. bergi
Thomas, 1902 		Central Argentina Size: 13–17 cm (5–7 in) long, plus about 7 cm (3 in) tail[8]

Habitat: Savanna and grassland[9] 		 EN 


Unknown Population declining[9]

Bolivian tuco-tuco


C. boliviensis
Waterhouse, 1848

Two subspecies
  • C. b. boliviensis
  • C. b. nattereri
Bolivia and western Brazil Size: 18–28 cm (7–11 in) long, plus 7–10 cm (3–4 in) tail[10]

Habitat: Savanna[11] 		 LC 


Unknown Population steady[11]

Bonetto's tuco-tuco


C. bonettoi
Berry & Contreras, 1982 		Northern Argentina Size: 17–19 cm (7 in) long, plus 6–8 cm (2–3 in) tail[8]

Habitat: Shrubland[12] 		 EN 


Unknown Population declining[12]

Brazilian tuco-tuco

Drawing of brown rodent

C. brasiliensis
Blainville, 1826 		Uruguay Size: Unknown[6]

Habitat: Unknown[13] 		 DD 


Unknown Unknown[13]

Catamarca tuco-tuco


C. knighti
Thomas, 1919 		Northern Argentina Size: About 20 cm (8 in) long, plus about 8 cm (3 in) tail[8]

Habitat: Grassland[14] 		 DD 


Unknown Unknown[14]

Chacoan tuco-tuco


C. dorsalis
Thomas, 1900 		Paraguay and Bolivia Size: About 16 cm (6 in) long, plus about 5 cm (2 in) tail[15]

Habitat: Savanna[16] 		 DD 


Unknown Unknown[16]

Colburn's tuco-tuco

Brown rodent

C. colburni
Allen, 1903 		Southern Argentina Size: Unknown[4]

Habitat: Grassland[17] 		 DD 


Unknown Unknown[17]

Collared tuco-tuco

Brown rodent

C. torquatus
Lichtenstein, 1830 		Uruguay and southern Brazil Size: 15–23 cm (6–9 in) long, plus 5–9 cm (2–4 in) tail[15]

Habitat: Forest and shrubland[18] 		 LC 


Unknown Unknown[18]

Conover's tuco-tuco

Brown rodent

C. conoveri
Osgood, 1946 		Paraguay and Bolivia Size: 24–33 cm (9–13 in) long, plus 9–14 cm (4–6 in) tail[19]

Habitat: Shrubland and grassland[20] 		 LC 


Unknown Population steady[20]

Coyhaique tuco-tuco


C. coyhaiquensis
Kelt & Gallardo, 1994 		Southern Argentina and southern Chile Size: Unknown length, plus 5–9 cm (2–4 in) tail[4]

Habitat: Shrubland[21] 		 DD 


Unknown Unknown[21]

D'Orbigny's tuco-tuco


C. dorbignyi
Contreras & Contreras, 1984 		Northern Argentina
Map of range 		Size: 19–22 cm (7–9 in) long, plus 8–10 cm (3–4 in) tail[6]

Habitat: Shrubland and grassland[22] 		 NT 


Unknown Population declining[22]

Emily's tuco-tuco

Brown rodent

C. emilianus
St. Leger, 1926 		Western Argentina Size: About 21 cm (8 in) long, plus about 9 cm (4 in) tail[10]

Habitat: Desert[23] 		 LC 


Unknown Population declining[23]

Famatina tuco-tuco


C. famosus
Thomas, 1920 		Northwestern Argentina Size: About 16 cm (6 in) long, plus about 7 cm (3 in) tail[15]

Habitat: Unknown[24] 		 DD 


Unknown Unknown[24]

Flamarion's tuco-tuco

Brown rodent

C. flamarioni
Travi, 1981 		Uruguay and southern Brazil
Map of range 		Size: About 25 cm (10 in) long, plus about 7 cm (3 in) tail[6]

Habitat: Coastal marine[25] 		 EN 


Unknown Population declining[25]

Foch's tuco-tuco


C. fochi
Thomas, 1919 		Northern Argentina Size: About 16 cm (6 in) long, plus about 8 cm (3 in) tail[8]

Habitat: Unknown[26] 		 DD 


Unknown Unknown[26]

Furtive tuco-tuco


C. occultus
Thomas, 1920 		Northern Argentina Size: 13–16 cm (5–6 in) long, plus tail[4]

Habitat: Unknown[27] 		 EN 


Unknown Population declining[27]

Goodfellow's tuco-tuco


C. goodfellowi
Thomas, 1921 		Bolivia Size: 18–28 cm (7–11 in) long, plus 7–10 cm (3–4 in) tail[10]

Habitat: Forest[28] 		 LC 


Unknown Unknown[28]

Goya tuco-tuco


C. perrensi
Thomas, 1898 		Northeastern Argentina Size: About 20 cm (8 in) long, plus about 7 cm (3 in) tail[6]

Habitat: Unknown[29] 		 LC 


Unknown Population steady[29]

Haig's tuco-tuco

Brown rodent

C. haigi
Thomas, 1917

Two subspecies
  • C. h. haigi
  • C. h. lentulus
Western Argentina Size: 17–20 cm (7–8 in) long, plus 8–9 cm (3–4 in) tail[4]

Habitat: Forest, grassland, and inland wetlands[30] 		 LC 


Unknown Unknown[30]

Highland tuco-tuco

Brown rodent

C. opimus
Wagner, 1848

Three subspecies
  • C. o. luteolus
  • C. o. nigriceps
  • C. o. opimus
Bolivia and northwestern Argentina Size: 19–25 cm (7–10 in) long, plus 7–10 cm (3–4 in) tail[15]

Habitat: Grassland[31] 		 LC 


Unknown Population steady[31]

Ibicui tuco-tuco


C. ibicui
de Freitas, Fernandes, Fornel, Roratto, 2012 		Southern Brazil Size: About 16 cm (6 in) long, plus about 8 cm (3 in) tail[15]

Habitat: Grassland[32] 		 NT 


Unknown Unknown[32]

Jujuy tuco-tuco


C. juris
Thomas, 1920 		Northern Argentina Size: About 18 cm (7 in) long, plus about 7 cm (3 in) tail[8]

Habitat: Unknown[33] 		 DD 


Unknown Unknown[33]

Lago Blanco tuco-tuco


C. fodax
Thomas, 1910 		Southern Argentina and southern Chile Size: About 26 cm (10 in) long, plus about 10 cm (4 in) tail[4]

Habitat: Grassland[34] 		 DD 


Unknown Unknown[34]

Laguna Terraplén tuco-tuco


C. terraplen
Brook, González, Tomasco, Verzi, & Martin, 2024 		Western Argentina Size: Unknown[4]

Habitat: Forest[35] 		 VU 


Unknown Population steady[35]

Lami tuco-tuco

Brown rodent

C. lami
Freitas, 2001 		Southern Brazil Size: 16–22 cm (6–9 in) long, plus 6–10 cm (2–4 in) tail[15]

Habitat: Coastal marine[36] 		 VU 


Unknown Population declining[36]

Lewis's tuco-tuco

Brown rodent

C. lewisi
Thomas, 1926 		Southern Bolivia Size: 20–22 cm (8–9 in) long, plus 6–8 cm (2–3 in) tail[4]

Habitat: Grassland[37] 		 LC 


Unknown Population steady[37]

Magellanic tuco-tuco

Brown rodent

C. magellanicus
Bennett, 1836

Four subspecies
  • C. m. dicki
  • C. m. fueginus
  • C. m. magellanicus
  • C. m. osgoodi
Southern Argentina and southern Chile Size: Unknown[4]

Habitat: Grassland[38] 		 LC 


Unknown Population declining[38]

Maule tuco-tuco

Brown rodent

C. maulinus
Philippi, 1872

Two subspecies
  • C. m. brunneus
  • C. m. maulinus
Central Chile Size: Unknown[6]

Habitat: Grassland[39] 		 LC 


Unknown Unknown[39]

Mendoza tuco-tuco


C. mendocinus
Philippi, 1869 		Central Argentina Size: 16–20 cm (6–8 in) long, plus 6–9 cm (2–4 in) tail[6]

Habitat: Shrubland, grassland, and inland wetlands[40] 		 LC 


Unknown Unknown[40]

Mottled tuco-tuco


C. latro
Thomas, 1918 		Northern Argentina Size: 16–18 cm (6–7 in) long, plus tail[4]

Habitat: Shrubland and grassland[41] 		 EN 


Unknown Population declining[41]

Pearson's tuco-tuco

Brown rodent

C. pearsoni
Lessa & Langguth, 1983 		Southern Uruguay Size: 17–20 cm (7–8 in) long, plus 7–9 cm (3–4 in) tail[6]

Habitat: Shrubland, grassland, and coastal marine[42] 		 NT 


Unknown Population declining[42]

Peruvian tuco-tuco


C. peruanus
Sanborn & Pearson, 1947 		Southern Peru Size: About 22 cm (9 in) long, plus about 9 cm (4 in) tail[8]

Habitat: Grassland[43] 		 CR 


1–50 Population steady[43]

Pilar tuco-tuco


C. pilarensis
Contreras, 1993 		Northern Argentina and Paraguay Size: 16–21 cm (6–8 in) long, plus tail[4]

Habitat: Grassland[44] 		 EN 


Unknown Population declining[44]

Porteous's tuco-tuco


C. porteousi
Thomas, 1916 		Central Argentina Size: 16–20 cm (6–8 in) long, plus 6–9 cm (2–4 in) tail[6]

Habitat: Grassland[45] 		 NT 


Unknown Unknown[45]

Pundt's tuco-tuco


C. pundti
Nehring, 1900 		Central Argentina Size: About 17 cm (7 in) long, plus about 4 cm (2 in) tail[6]

Habitat: Grassland[46] 		 EN 


Unknown Population declining[46]

Puntilla tuco-tuco


C. coludo
Thomas, 1920 		Northwestern Argentina Size: About 20 cm (8 in) long, plus about 10 cm (4 in) tail[15]

Habitat: Unknown[47] 		 DD 


Unknown Unknown[47]

Reddish tuco-tuco


C. frater
Thomas, 1902

Two subspecies
  • C. f. frater
  • C. f. mordosus
Bolivia and northern Argentina Size: 17–20 cm (7–8 in) long, plus 5–9 cm (2–4 in) tail[4]

Habitat: Grassland[48] 		 LC 


Unknown Population declining[48]

Reig's tuco-tuco

Brown rodent head

C. osvaldoreigi
Contreras, 1995 		Central Argentina Size: 23–25 cm (9–10 in) long, plus tail[8]

Habitat: Grassland[49] 		 CR 


Unknown Population declining[49]

Rio Negro tuco-tuco

Brown rodent head

C. rionegrensis
Langguth & Abella, 1970 		Eastern Argentina and Uruguay Size: 16–19 cm (6–7 in) long, plus 6–9 cm (2–4 in) tail[6]

Habitat: Desert and coastal marine[50] 		 EN 


Unknown Population declining[50]

Robust tuco-tuco

Brown rodent

C. tuconax
Thomas, 1925 		Northern Argentina Size: Unknown[10]

Habitat: Savanna, shrubland, and grassland[51] 		 DD 


Unknown Unknown[51]

Roig's tuco-tuco


C. roigi
Contreras, 1988 		Northern Argentina Size: 17–20 cm (7–8 in) long, plus 7–10 cm (3–4 in) tail[6]

Habitat: Grassland, inland wetlands, and other[52] 		 CR 


Unknown Population declining[52]

Salta tuco-tuco


C. saltarius
Thomas, 1912 		Northern Argentina Size: About 20 cm (8 in) long, plus about 9 cm (4 in) tail[15]

Habitat: Desert[53] 		 DD 


Unknown Unknown[53]

San Juan tuco-tuco


C. johannis
Thomas, 1921 		Western Argentina Size: About 20 cm (8 in) long, plus about 10 cm (4 in) tail[15]

Habitat: Unknown[54] 		 DD 


Unknown Unknown[54]

San Luis tuco-tuco


C. pontifex
Thomas, 1918 		Central Argentina and central Chile Size: About 18 cm (7 in) long, plus about 8 cm (3 in) tail[8]

Habitat: Unknown[55] 		 DD 


Unknown Unknown[55]

Scaglia's tuco-tuco


C. scagliai
Contreras, 1999 		Northern Argentina Size: About 20 cm (8 in) long, plus about 9 cm (4 in) tail[15]

Habitat: Unknown[56] 		 DD 


Unknown Unknown[56]

Sierra Tontal tuco-tuco


C. tulduco
Thomas, 1921 		Western Argentina Size: About 19 cm (7 in) long, plus about 7 cm (3 in) tail[15]

Habitat: Unknown[57] 		 DD 


Unknown Unknown[57]

Silky tuco-tuco

Brown rodent

C. sericeus
Allen, 1903 		Southern Argentina and southern Chile Size: Unknown length, plus 5–9 cm (2–4 in) tail[4]

Habitat: Forest[58] 		 DD 


Unknown Unknown[58]

Social tuco-tuco


C. sociabilis
Pearson & Christie, 1985 		Central Argentina and central Chile Size: 16–25 cm (6–10 in) long, plus 6–8 cm (2–3 in) tail[10]

Habitat: Savanna and inland wetlands[59] 		 CR 


Unknown Population declining[59]

Southern tuco-tuco

Brown rodent

C. australis
Rusconi, 1934 		Eastern Argentina Size: About 21 cm (8 in) long, plus 9–11 cm (4 in) tail[6]

Habitat: Coastal marine[60] 		 EN 


Unknown Population declining[60]

Steinbach's tuco-tuco


C. steinbachi
Thomas, 1907 		Bolivia Size: 23–25 cm (9–10 in) long, plus tail[10]

Habitat: Savanna[61] 		 LC 


Unknown Population steady[61]

Strong tuco-tuco


C. validus
Contreras, Roig, & Suzarte, 1977 		Central Argentina Size: Unknown[15]

Habitat: Unknown[62] 		 DD 


Unknown Unknown[62]

Talas tuco-tuco

Brown rodent

C. talarum
Thomas, 1898

Four subspecies
  • C. t. antonii
  • C. t. occidentalis
  • C. t. recessus
  • C. t. talarum
Central and eastern Argentina Size: 15–18 cm (6–7 in) long, plus 5–8 cm (2–3 in) tail[6]

Habitat: Grassland and coastal marine[63] 		 LC 


Unknown Unknown[63]

Tawny tuco-tuco


C. fulvus
Philippi, 1860

Two subspecies
  • C. f. fulvus
  • C. f. robustus
Western South America Size: Unknown[15]

Habitat: Forest and desert[64] 		 DD 


Unknown Unknown[64]

Tiny tuco-tuco

Brown rodent head

C. minutus
Nehring, 1887

Two subspecies
  • C. m. bicolor
  • C. m. minutus
Southern Brazil Size: About 7 cm (3 in) long, plus tail[15]

Habitat: Shrubland and grassland[65] 		 DD 


Unknown Population steady[65]

Tucuman tuco-tuco

Brown rodent

C. tucumanus
Thomas, 1900 		Northern Argentina Size: About 17 cm (7 in) long, plus about 7 cm (3 in) tail[4]

Habitat: Forest[66] 		 DD 


Unknown Unknown[66]

Vipos tuco-tuco


C. viperinus
Thomas, 1926 		Northern Argentina Size: About 21 cm (8 in) long, plus about 8 cm (3 in) tail[8]

Habitat: Unknown[67] 		 DD 


Unknown Unknown[67]

White-toothed tuco-tuco


C. leucodon
Waterhouse, 1848 		Western Bolivia and southern Peru Size: 11–18 cm (4–7 in) long, plus 7–9 cm (3–4 in) tail[4]

Habitat: Shrubland and grassland[68] 		 LC 


Unknown Population steady[68]

Yolanda's tuco-tuco

Brown rodent

C. yolandae
Contreras & Berry, 1984 		Northern Argentina Size: Unknown[8]

Habitat: Unknown[69] 		 DD 


Unknown Unknown[69]

References

  1. ↑ Nowak, p. 1680
  2. ↑ "Family Ctenomyidae Lesson 1842 (caviomorph)". Paleobiology Database. University of Wisconsin–Madison. https://paleobiodb.org/classic/basicTaxonInfo?taxon_no=42064. 
  3. ↑ Wilson, Reeder, pp. 1560–1569
  4. ↑ 4.00 4.01 4.02 4.03 4.04 4.05 4.06 4.07 4.08 4.09 4.10 4.11 4.12 4.13 4.14 Chernasky; Motis; Burgin, p. 363
  5. ↑ 5.0 5.1 Bidau, C. J. (2019). "Ctenomys argentinus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2019. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2019-3.RLTS.T5795A22191874.en. https://www.iucnredlist.org/species/5795/22191874. 
  6. ↑ 6.00 6.01 6.02 6.03 6.04 6.05 6.06 6.07 6.08 6.09 6.10 6.11 6.12 6.13 Chernasky; Motis; Burgin, p. 362
  7. ↑ 7.0 7.1 Bidau, C. J. (2019). "Ctenomys azarae". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2019. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2019-3.RLTS.T5797A22192079.en. https://www.iucnredlist.org/species/5797/22192079. 
  8. ↑ 8.00 8.01 8.02 8.03 8.04 8.05 8.06 8.07 8.08 8.09 Chernasky; Motis; Burgin, p. 364
  9. ↑ 9.0 9.1 Bidau, C. J. (2019). "Ctenomys bergi". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2019. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2019-3.RLTS.T136687A22196510.en. https://www.iucnredlist.org/species/136687/22196510. 
  10. ↑ 10.0 10.1 10.2 10.3 10.4 10.5 Chernasky; Motis; Burgin, p. 360
  11. ↑ 11.0 11.1 Dunnum, J.; Bernal, N. (2016). "Ctenomys boliviensis". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2016. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-3.RLTS.T5798A22192171.en. https://www.iucnredlist.org/species/5798/22192171. 
  12. ↑ 12.0 12.1 Bidau, C. J. (2018). "Ctenomys bonettoi". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2018. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2018-1.RLTS.T5799A22192271.en. https://www.iucnredlist.org/species/5799/22192271. 
  13. ↑ 13.0 13.1 Ojeda, R. (2019). "Ctenomys brasiliensis". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2019. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2019-1.RLTS.T5800A22192465.en. https://www.iucnredlist.org/species/5800/22192465. 
  14. ↑ 14.0 14.1 Ojeda, R. (2019). "Ctenomys knighti". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2019. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2019-1.RLTS.T5808A22193333.en. https://www.iucnredlist.org/species/5808/22193333. 
  15. ↑ 15.00 15.01 15.02 15.03 15.04 15.05 15.06 15.07 15.08 15.09 15.10 15.11 15.12 15.13 Chernasky; Motis; Burgin, p. 361
  16. ↑ 16.0 16.1 Ojeda, R. (2019). "Ctenomys dorsalis". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2019. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2019-1.RLTS.T5803A22192708.en. https://www.iucnredlist.org/species/5803/22192708. 
  17. ↑ 17.0 17.1 Bidau, C. J. (2019). "Ctenomys colburni". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2019. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2019-1.RLTS.T5801A22192538.en. https://www.iucnredlist.org/species/5801/22192538. 
  18. ↑ 18.0 18.1 Bidau, C. (2016). "Ctenomys torquatus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2016. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-3.RLTS.T5829A78319489.en. https://www.iucnredlist.org/species/5829/78319489. 
  19. ↑ Brashear, Katie (2004). "Ctenomys conoveri". University of Michigan. https://animaldiversity.org/accounts/Ctenomys_conoveri/. 
  20. ↑ 20.0 20.1 Dunnum, J.; Bernal, N. (2016). "Ctenomys conoveri". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2016. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-2.RLTS.T5802A22192609.en. https://www.iucnredlist.org/species/5802/22192609. 
  21. ↑ 21.0 21.1 Ojeda, R. (2019). "Ctenomys coyhaiquensis". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2019. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2019-1.RLTS.T136295A22196080.en. https://www.iucnredlist.org/species/136295/22196080. 
  22. ↑ 22.0 22.1 Bidau, C. J. (2019). "Ctenomys dorbignyi". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2019. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2019-3.RLTS.T136234A22192383.en. https://www.iucnredlist.org/species/136234/22192383. 
  23. ↑ 23.0 23.1 Bidau, C. J.; Ojeda, R. (2019). "Ctenomys emilianus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2019. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2019-3.RLTS.T5804A22192803.en. https://www.iucnredlist.org/species/5804/22192803. 
  24. ↑ 24.0 24.1 Bidau, C. J. (2019). "Ctenomys famosus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2019. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2019-1.RLTS.T136588A22197042.en. https://www.iucnredlist.org/species/136588/22197042. 
  25. ↑ 25.0 25.1 de Frietas, T.; Weksler, M.; Catzeflis, F.; Percequillo, A. (2019). "Ctenomys flamarioni". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2019. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2019-3.RLTS.T136464A22196926.en. https://www.iucnredlist.org/species/136464/22196926. 
  26. ↑ 26.0 26.1 Ojeda, R. (2019). "Ctenomys fochi". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2019. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2019-1.RLTS.T136499A22193166.en. https://www.iucnredlist.org/species/136499/22193166. 
  27. ↑ 27.0 27.1 Bidau, C. J. (2018). "Ctenomys occultus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2018. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2018-1.RLTS.T5817A22194328.en. https://www.iucnredlist.org/species/5817/22194328. 
  28. ↑ 28.0 28.1 Roach, N.; Naylor, L. (2016). "Ctenomys goodfellowi". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2016. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-2.RLTS.T136607A22196835.en. https://www.iucnredlist.org/species/136607/22196835. 
  29. ↑ 29.0 29.1 Bidau, C. (2016). "Ctenomys perrensi". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2016. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-2.RLTS.T5820A22194434.en. https://www.iucnredlist.org/species/5820/22194434. 
  30. ↑ 30.0 30.1 Bidau, C. (2016). "Ctenomys haigi". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2016. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-2.RLTS.T5807A22193246.en. https://www.iucnredlist.org/species/5807/22193246. 
  31. ↑ 31.0 31.1 Dunnum, J.; Vargas, J.; Bernal, N.; Zeballos, N.; Vivar, E. (2016). "Ctenomys opimus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2016. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-2.RLTS.T5818A22194246.en. https://www.iucnredlist.org/species/5818/22194246. 
  32. ↑ 32.0 32.1 Hurtado Materon, M. A.; de Frietas, T.; Lawing, M.; Gonçalves, G. L.; Fornel, R. (2024). "Ctenomys ibicuiensis". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2024. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2024-2.RLTS.T45958852A259145694.en. https://www.iucnredlist.org/species/45958852/259145694. 
  33. ↑ 33.0 33.1 Ojeda, R. (2019). "Ctenomys juris". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2019. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2019-1.RLTS.T136556A22196428.en. https://www.iucnredlist.org/species/136556/22196428. 
  34. ↑ 34.0 34.1 Ojeda, R. (2019). "Ctenomys fodax". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2019. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2019-1.RLTS.T136601A22196762.en. https://www.iucnredlist.org/species/136601/22196762. 
  35. ↑ 35.0 35.1 Brook, F.; Verzi, D.; Martin, G. M. (2026). "Ctenomys terraplen". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2026. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2026-1.RLTS.T292402430A292402458.en. https://www.iucnredlist.org/species/292402430/292402458. 
  36. ↑ 36.0 36.1 Bidau, C. J. (2018). "Ctenomys lami". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2018. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2018-1.RLTS.T136567A22196245.en. https://www.iucnredlist.org/species/136567/22196245. 
  37. ↑ 37.0 37.1 Roach, N.; Naylor, L. (2016). "Ctenomys lewisi". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2016. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-2.RLTS.T5811A22193810.en. https://www.iucnredlist.org/species/5811/22193810. 
  38. ↑ 38.0 38.1 Bidau, C. J. (2019). "Ctenomys magellanicus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2019. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2019-1.RLTS.T5812A22193726.en. https://www.iucnredlist.org/species/5812/22193726. 
  39. ↑ 39.0 39.1 Bidau, C. (2016). "Ctenomys maulinus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2016. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-2.RLTS.T5813A22193961.en. https://www.iucnredlist.org/species/5813/22193961. 
  40. ↑ 40.0 40.1 Bidau, Ojeda; R. (2016). "Ctenomys mendocinus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2016. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-3.RLTS.T5814A22193878.en. https://www.iucnredlist.org/species/5814/22193878. 
  41. ↑ 41.0 41.1 Bidau, C. J. (2019). "Ctenomys latro". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2019. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2019-3.RLTS.T5809A22193629.en. https://www.iucnredlist.org/species/5809/22193629. 
  42. ↑ 42.0 42.1 Bidau, C. J. (2019). "Ctenomys pearsoni". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2019. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2019-3.RLTS.T5819A22194513.en. https://www.iucnredlist.org/species/5819/22194513. 
  43. ↑ 43.0 43.1 Zeballos, H.; Vivar, E. (2016). "Ctenomys peruanus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2016. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-2.RLTS.T5821A22194718.en. https://www.iucnredlist.org/species/5821/22194718. 
  44. ↑ 44.0 44.1 Bidau, C. J. (2019). "Ctenomys pilarensis". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2019. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2019-3.RLTS.T136289A22195989.en. https://www.iucnredlist.org/species/136289/22195989. 
  45. ↑ 45.0 45.1 Bidau, C. J. (2020). "Ctenomys porteousi". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2020. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-3.RLTS.T5823A22194905.en. https://www.iucnredlist.org/species/5823/22194905. 
  46. ↑ 46.0 46.1 Bidau, C. J. (2019). "Ctenomys pundti". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2019. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2019-3.RLTS.T136370A22194037.en. https://www.iucnredlist.org/species/136370/22194037. 
  47. ↑ 47.0 47.1 Bidau, C. J.; Ojeda, R. (2019). "Ctenomys coludo". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2019. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2019-1.RLTS.T136308A22196340.en. https://www.iucnredlist.org/species/136308/22196340. 
  48. ↑ 48.0 48.1 Vivar, E. (2017). "Ctenomys frater". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2017. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2017-3.RLTS.T115553730A115553734.en. https://www.iucnredlist.org/species/115553730/115553734. 
  49. ↑ 49.0 49.1 Bidau, C. J. (2018). "Ctenomys osvaldoreigi". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2018. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2018-1.RLTS.T136390A22195057.en. https://www.iucnredlist.org/species/136390/22195057. 
  50. ↑ 50.0 50.1 Bidau, C. J. (2018). "Ctenomys rionegrensis". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2018. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2018-1.RLTS.T136635A22193418.en. https://www.iucnredlist.org/species/136635/22193418. 
  51. ↑ 51.0 51.1 Ojeda, R. (2019). "Ctenomys tuconax". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2019. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2019-1.RLTS.T5830A22195740.en. https://www.iucnredlist.org/species/5830/22195740. 
  52. ↑ 52.0 52.1 Bidau, C. J. (2018). "Ctenomys roigi". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2018. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2018-1.RLTS.T136633A22193077.en. https://www.iucnredlist.org/species/136633/22193077. 
  53. ↑ 53.0 53.1 Ojeda, R. (2019). "Ctenomys saltarius". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2019. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2019-1.RLTS.T5824A22194818.en. https://www.iucnredlist.org/species/5824/22194818. 
  54. ↑ 54.0 54.1 Bidau, C. J. (2019). "Ctenomys johannis". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2019. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2019-1.RLTS.T136281A22195842.en. https://www.iucnredlist.org/species/136281/22195842. 
  55. ↑ 55.0 55.1 Ojeda, R. (2019). "Ctenomys pontifex". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2019. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2019-1.RLTS.T5822A22194645.en. https://www.iucnredlist.org/species/5822/22194645. 
  56. ↑ 56.0 56.1 Ojeda, R. (2019). "Ctenomys scagliai". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2019. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2019-1.RLTS.T136568A22196158.en. https://www.iucnredlist.org/species/136568/22196158. 
  57. ↑ 57.0 57.1 Bidau, C. J. (2019). "Ctenomys tulduco". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2019. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2019-1.RLTS.T136826A22197188.en. https://www.iucnredlist.org/species/136826/22197188. 
  58. ↑ 58.0 58.1 Bidau, C. J. (2019). "Ctenomys sericeus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2019. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2019-1.RLTS.T5825A22195256.en. https://www.iucnredlist.org/species/5825/22195256. 
  59. ↑ 59.0 59.1 Bidau, C. J. (2018). "Ctenomys sociabilis". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2018. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2018-1.RLTS.T5826A22195323.en. https://www.iucnredlist.org/species/5826/22195323. 
  60. ↑ 60.0 60.1 Bidau, C. J. (2018). "Ctenomys australis". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2018. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2018-1.RLTS.T5796A78319377.en. https://www.iucnredlist.org/species/5796/78319377. 
  61. ↑ 61.0 61.1 Roach, N.; Naylor, L. (2016). "Ctenomys steinbachi". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2016. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-2.RLTS.T5827A22194994.en. https://www.iucnredlist.org/species/5827/22194994. 
  62. ↑ 62.0 62.1 Ojeda, R. (2019). "Ctenomys validus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2019. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2019-1.RLTS.T5832A22195532.en. https://www.iucnredlist.org/species/5832/22195532. 
  63. ↑ 63.0 63.1 Bidau, C. (2016). "Ctenomys talarum". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2016. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-2.RLTS.T5828A22195175.en. https://www.iucnredlist.org/species/5828/22195175. 
  64. ↑ 64.0 64.1 Bidau, C. J.; Ojeda, R. (2019). "Ctenomys fulvus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2019. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2019-1.RLTS.T5806A22192983.en. https://www.iucnredlist.org/species/5806/22192983. 
  65. ↑ 65.0 65.1 Dunnum, J.; Bernal, N. (2019). "Ctenomys minutus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2019. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2019-1.RLTS.T5815A22194130.en. https://www.iucnredlist.org/species/5815/22194130. 
  66. ↑ 66.0 66.1 Ojeda, R. (2019). "Ctenomys tucumanus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2019. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2019-1.RLTS.T5831A22195435.en. https://www.iucnredlist.org/species/5831/22195435. 
  67. ↑ 67.0 67.1 Bidau, C. J. (2018). "Ctenomys viperinus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2018. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2018-2.RLTS.T136758A22195904.en. https://www.iucnredlist.org/species/136758/22195904. 
  68. ↑ 68.0 68.1 Zeballos, H.; Vivar, E. (2016). "Ctenomys leucodon". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2016. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-2.RLTS.T5810A22193526.en. https://www.iucnredlist.org/species/5810/22193526. 
  69. ↑ 69.0 69.1 Bidau, C. J.; Ojeda, R. (2019). "Ctenomys yolandae". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2019. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2019-1.RLTS.T136681A22196679.en. https://www.iucnredlist.org/species/136681/22196679. 

Sources

  • All the Mammals of the World. Lynx Nature Books. 2023. ISBN 978-84-16728-66-4. 
  • Nowak, Ronald M. (1999). Walker's Mammals of the World. 2 (6th ed.). Johns Hopkins University Press. ISBN 978-0-8018-5789-8. 
  • Mammal Species of the World. 2 (3rd ed.). Johns Hopkins University Press. 2005. ISBN 978-0-8018-8221-0. 

Template:Mammal lists



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