Biology:Melanoliarus
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Short description: Genus of true bugs
| Melanoliarus | |
|---|---|
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Scientific classification 
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| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Arthropoda |
| Class: | Insecta |
| Order: | Hemiptera |
| Suborder: | Auchenorrhyncha |
| Infraorder: | Fulgoromorpha |
| Family: | Cixiidae |
| Tribe: | Pentastirini |
| Genus: | Melanoliarus Fennah, 1945 |
Melanoliarus is a genus of cixiid planthoppers in the family Cixiidae. There are at about 50 described species in Melanoliarus, which are common and widespread in the Nearctic and Neotropics.[1][2][3]
The genus Melanoliarus was originally described as a subgenus of Oliarus, which had worldwide distribution. It was determined in 2001 and 2002 that species of Oliarus in the new world belonged in Melanoliarus, which was elevated to genus rank and included most of the new world species of Oliarus.[4][5]
Species
These 50 species belong to the genus Melanoliarus:[1]
- Melanoliarus acicus (Caldwell, 1947) c g
- Melanoliarus altanatus (Caldwell, 1951) c g
- Melanoliarus altanus (Ball, 1934) c g
- Melanoliarus apache (Ball, 1934) c g
- Melanoliarus aridus (Ball, 1902) c g b
- Melanoliarus arizonensis (Mead & Kramer, 1982) c g
- Melanoliarus bispinus (Caldwell, 1947) c g
- Melanoliarus caldwelli (Mead & Kramer, 1982) c g
- Melanoliarus californicus (Van Duzee, 1914) c
- Melanoliarus canyonensis (Mead & Kramer, 1981) c g
- Melanoliarus catus (Caldwell, 1947) c g
- Melanoliarus chuliotus (Ball, 1934) c g
- Melanoliarus coconinus (Ball, 1934) c g
- Melanoliarus complectus (Ball, 1902) c g
- Melanoliarus concinnulus (Fowler, 1904) c g
- Melanoliarus corvinus (Ball, 1934) c g
- Melanoliarus deserticola Campodonico, 2018 g
- Melanoliarus difficilis (Van Duzee, 1912) c g
- Melanoliarus dondonius (Ball, 1934) c g
- Melanoliarus ecologus (Caldwell, 1947) c g
- Melanoliarus eximus (Caldwell, 1947) c g
- Melanoliarus forcipatus (Caldwell, 1947) c g
- Melanoliarus franciscanus (Stal, 1859) c g
- Melanoliarus hesperius (Van Duzee, 1917) c
- Melanoliarus humilis (Say, 1830) c g b
- Melanoliarus kieferi (Mead & Kramer, 1982) c g
- Melanoliarus knullorum (Mead & Kramer, 1982) c g
- Melanoliarus littoralis (Ball, 1934) c g
- Melanoliarus lobatus (Caldwell, 1938) c g
- Melanoliarus maidis Fennah, 1945 c g
- Melanoliarus montanus (Metcalf, 1923) c g
- Melanoliarus papagonus (Ball, 1934) c g
- Melanoliarus pima (Kirkaldy, 1907) c g
- Melanoliarus placitus Van Duzee, 1912 c g b
- Melanoliarus pygmaeus (Ball, 1937) c g
- Melanoliarus quinquelineatus (Say, 1830) c g
- Melanoliarus retentus (Caldwell, 1947) c g
- Melanoliarus sablenis (Caldwell, 1951) c g
- Melanoliarus sementinus (Ball, 1902) c g
- Melanoliarus slossonae (Van Duzee, 1912) c g
- Melanoliarus sonoitus (Ball, 1937) c g
- Melanoliarus sylvaticus (Caldwell, 1947) c g
- Melanoliarus texanus (Metcalf, 1923) c
- Melanoliarus teximus (Caldwell, 1947) c g
- Melanoliarus truncatus (Van Duzee, 1929) c
- Melanoliarus uncatus (Caldwell, 1947) c g
- Melanoliarus vicarius (Walker, 1851) c g b
- Melanoliarus viequensis (Caldwell, 1951) c g
- Melanoliarus yavapanus (Ball, 1934) c g
- Melanoliarus zyxus (Caldwell, 1947) c g
Data sources: i = ITIS,[6] c = Catalogue of Life,[7] g = GBIF,[2] b = Bugguide.net[3]
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 "Genus Melanoliarus Fennah, 1945". http://canr.udel.edu/planthoppers/north-america/north-american-cixiidae/genus-melanoliarus-fennah-1945/. Retrieved 2018-07-29.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 "Melanoliarus". https://www.gbif.org/species/4773732. Retrieved 2018-04-05.
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 "Melanoliarus Genus Information". https://bugguide.net/node/view/10749. Retrieved 2018-04-05.
- ↑ Holzinger, W. E.; Emeljanov, A. F.; Kammerlander, I. (2002). "The family Cixiidae Spinola 1839 (Hemiptera: Fulgoromorpha) – a review". Zikaden: Leafhoppers, Planthoppers, and Cicadas (Insecta: Hemiptera: Auchenorrhyncha), Denisia, Volume 4. 9. Oberosterreichisches Landesmuseum.
- ↑ Emeljanov, A. F. (2001). "The generic position of some Nearctic Pentastirini (Homoptera: Fulgoroidea: Cixiidae)". Zoosystematica Rossica 9 (122).
- ↑ "ITIS, Integrated Taxonomic Information System". https://www.itis.gov/. Retrieved 2018-04-05.
- ↑ "Browse Melanoliarus". http://www.catalogueoflife.org/col/browse/tree/id/4c4ac8cd5df68d66174317045ca51ee7. Retrieved 2018-04-05.
Further reading
- Bartlett, C.R. (2012). "Planthoppers of North America". http://canr.udel.edu/planthoppers/. Retrieved 2018-04-05.
- Fennah, R.G. (1969). "Fulgoroidea (Homoptera) from New Caledonia and the Loyalty Islands". Pacific Insects Monographs 21 (3): 259–260. doi:10.1093/besa/15.3.259b.
- Metcalf, Z.P. (1947). General Catalogue of the Hemiptera, Fascicle IV: Fulgoroidea, Part 9: Fulgoridae. Smith College.
- Muir, F. (1925). "On the genera of Cixiidae, Meenoplidae and Kinnaridae (Fulgoroidae, Homoptera)". The Pan-Pacific Entomologist 1 (3): 97–110.
- Urban, Julie M.; Cryan, Jason R. (2007). "Evolution of the planthoppers (Insecta: Hemiptera: Fulgoroidea)". Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 42 (2): 556–572. doi:10.1016/j.ympev.2006.08.009. ISSN 1055-7903. PMID 17011797.
- Zimmerman, Elwood C. (1948). Insects of Hawaii: A Manual of the Insects of the Hawaiian Islands, including an Enumeration of the Species and Notes on their Origin, Distribution, Hosts, Parasites, etc.. 4. University of Hawaii Press.
External links
Wikidata ☰ Q28607902 entry
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