Biology:Orgeat syrup
 A bottle of Italian orgeat syrup | |
| Type | Syrup |
|---|---|
| Flavour | Almond |
| Ingredients | Almonds, sugar, and rose water or orange flower water |
| Variants | Horchata |
| Related products | Falernum |
Orgeat syrup is a sweet syrup made from almonds and sugar with a little rose water and/or orange flower water. It was originally made with a barley-almond blend. It has a pronounced almond taste and is used to flavor many cocktails. Orgeat syrup is an important ingredient in the Mai Tai and many Tiki drinks.[1][2][3]
History
An early recipe for orgeat can be found in The English and Australian Cookery Book:[4]
Take a pound and a quarter of bitter almonds, and half a pound of sweet almonds, which have been blanched, nine pounds of loaf sugar, six pints of water, and the rinds of three lemons. Pound the almonds in a mortar with the sugar, and add the water a little by degrees; then put the mixture on the fire with the lemon-peel. After a boil pour off the syrup and press the almonds, to extract the milk; add this to the syrup, and strain the whole through a sieve. When cold add a little orange flower water, and bottle the mixture. The orgeat is used as a summer drink, mixed with water, according to taste.
Bitter almonds as a general rule contain cyanide and can be lethal in large quantities.[5] For this reason modern syrups generally are produced only from sweet almonds. Such syrup products do not contain significant levels of hydrocyanic acid, so are generally considered safe for human consumption unless the person is allergic.[6]
Word origin
The word orgeat (/ɔːrˈʒɑː, ˈɔːrdʒiət, ˈɔːrʒɒt/) is derived from the Latin hordeaceus 'made with barley' through the French, where barley is called orge. The Catalan word orxata, from which derives the Spanish horchata, has the same origin, though today the two drinks have little else in common and neither of them uses barley.
Regional uses
In Tunisia and Libya, a variant is called rozata and is usually served chilled in wedding and engagement parties as a symbol of joy and purity because of its white colour and its fresh (flowery) flavor. It comes in many different flavours, such as traditional almond, banana, mango, pistachio, among others.
In Suriname, there is a drink called orgeade, which is a similar syrup made of sugar and sweet and bitter almonds.
Maltese ruġġata is made of almond and vanilla essence and may include cinnamon and cloves.[7]
In Cyprus and on the Greek islands of Chios and Nisyros, a similar syrup is known as soumádha (Greek: σουμάδα). Soumada has a very ancient history at least in Cyprus, stretching back into the Roman period, and it was given as an exotic delicacy by King Peter I of Cyprus to King Casimir the Great of Poland at the Congress of Kraków, held in Poland in 1364.[8]
See also
- Horchata, a related Valencian drink
- Falernum syrup
- Fassionola syrup
- Drink mixers
- List of syrups
- Tiki drinks
References
- ↑ "In honor of orgeat". https://www.alcoholprofessor.com/blog-posts/blog/2017/10/18/in-honor-of-orgeat.
- ↑ "Upgrade your orgeat". https://nationalpost.com/life/food/cocktails-upgrade-your-orgeat-and-youll-find-not-all-tiki-drinks-%EF%AC%81t-under-the-same-umbrella.
- ↑ "Tiki cocktail history basics". https://drinks.seriouseats.com/2014/03/tiki-cocktail-history-basics-of-tiki-drinks-essential-ingredients.html.
- ↑ Abbott, Edward (1864). [h://archive.org/details/b21505524 The English and Australian Cookery Book]. h://archive.org/details/b21505524.
- ↑ "What are bitter almonds". https://www.thespruceeats.com/what-are-bitter-almonds-1806996.
- ↑ "Potential Toxic Levels of Cyanide in Almonds (Prunus amygdalus), Apricot Kernels (Prunus armeniaca), and Almond Syrup". ISRN Toxicol 2013 (19 September): 610648. 2013. doi:10.1155/2013/610648. PMID 24171123.
- ↑ Georgina Lawrence. "Ruġġata tal-lewż". ILoveFood.com.mt. http://www.ilovefood.com.mt/recipes/ruggata-tal-lewz-by-georgina-lawrence.
- ↑ Maria Dembinska and William Woys Weaver, Food and Drink in Medieval Poland (Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press, 1999) p.41
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