Biology:Outline of Scotland

Short description: Overview of and topical guide to Scotland

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Location of Scotland (dark green)

– in Europe (light green & dark grey)
– in the United Kingdom (light green)

The following outline is provided as an overview of and topical guide to Scotland:

Scotland – The oldest monarchy in Europe, the second oldest country in Europe and is the fifth oldest country in the world, preceding France, England and Denmark. It is currently one of four countries of the United Kingdom, having previously been an independent, sovereign country prior to the 1707 union with England.^[1]^[2]^[3] Occupying the northern third of the largest island, it shares a border with England to the south and is bounded by the North Sea to the east, the Atlantic Ocean to the north and west, and the North Channel and Irish Sea to the southwest. In addition to the mainland, Scotland consists of over 790 islands^[4] including the Northern Isles and the Hebrides.

General reference

Pronunciation: /ˈskɒtlənd/ (listen)
Etymology of "Scotland"
Common English country name(s): Scotland
Official English country name(s): Scotland
Common endonym(s): Alba
Official endonym(s):
Adjectival(s): Scottish, Scots, Scotch
Demonym(s): Scottish, Scots

Geography of Scotland

Enlargeable relief map of Scotland

Geography of Scotland

Scotland is: a country of the United Kingdom.
Scotland was: an independent, sovereign country until 1707 when it formed a union with England
Population of Scotland: 5,436,600 (2022 census)
Area of Scotland: 78 772 km² (30,414 square miles), approximately 32% of the area of the United Kingdom (UK)
Places in Scotland
Atlas of Scotland

Location

Scotland is situated within the following regions
- Atlantic Ocean
- Northern Hemisphere, on the Prime Meridian
- Eurasia (but not on the mainland)
  - Europe (outline)
    - Northern Europe
      - British Isles
        Great Britain (the northern third of the island)
        
        Several hundred other Islands of Scotland
Extreme points of Scotland
- Northerly point: Out Stack, Shetland Islands [ ⚑ ] 60°51′N 0°52′W / 60.85°N 0.867°W / 60.85; -0.867
- Highest peak: Ben Nevis, Lochaber at 1,343 m (4,406 ft) [ ⚑ ] 56°47′49.150″N 5°0′17.22″W / 56.7969861°N 5.0047833°W / 56.7969861; -5.0047833
Land boundaries: England 154 km

Environment of Scotland

Climate of Scotland
- Climate change in Scotland
Ecology of Scotland
- Renewable energy in Scotland
Geology of Scotland
Protected areas of Scotland
- Biosphere reserves in Scotland
- National parks of Scotland
Wildlife of Scotland
- Flora of Scotland
- Fauna of Scotland
  - Birds of Scotland
  - Mammals of Scotland
Domesticated breeds

Natural geographic features of Scotland

Firths
Glaciers of Scotland
Islands of Scotland
- Hebrides
  - Inner Hebrides
  - Outer Hebrides
- Orkney Islands
- Shetland Islands
- Islands of the Clyde
- Islands of the Forth
- List of freshwater islands in Scotland
Lochs
- Lochs in Scotland
Mountains and hills of Scotland
- List of Munros
- Volcanoes in Scotland
Rivers of Scotland
- Waterfalls of Scotland
Valleys of Scotland
World Heritage Sites in Scotland

Regions of Scotland

Central Belt
Scottish Midlands
Scottish Highlands
Scottish Lowlands
Scottish Borders
Galloway
Northern Isles

Ecoregions of Scotland

List of ecoregions in Scotland

Administrative divisions of Scotland

Council areas of Scotland
- Civil parishes in Scotland
  - Municipalities of Scotland
Unitary authorities of Scotland

Municipalities of Scotland

Edinburgh, the capital of Scotland

Municipalities of Scotland

Capital of Scotland: Edinburgh (outline)
Largest city: Glasgow
Cities of Scotland
Towns in Scotland

Demography of Scotland

Demographics of Scotland

Government and politics of Scotland

The Scottish Parliament, the national legislature of Scotland

Politics of Scotland

Form of government:
Capital of Scotland: Edinburgh
Elections in Scotland
- Electoral systems in Scotland
List of political parties in Scotland
Pressure Groups in Scotland
Scottish independence
- Fiscal autonomy
- National Conversation
Scotland Office (Department of UK Government)
- Secretary of State for Scotland

Branches of the Scottish Government

Government of Scotland

History of Scottish devolution

Executive

Head of government: First Minister of Scotland (also the Keeper of the Great Seal of Scotland)
- Deputy First Minister of Scotland
Scottish Government
- Scottish Cabinet
  - Dewar government (1999–2000)
  - McLeish government (2000–01)
  - First McConnell government (2001–03)
  - Second McConnell government (2003–07)
  - First Salmond government (2007–11)
  - Second Salmond government (2011–14)
  - First Sturgeon government (2014–16)
  - Second Sturgeon government (2016–21)
  - Third Sturgeon government (2021–23)
  - Yousaf government (2023–present)
- International relations of Scotland
St Andrew's House; main headquarters of the Scottish Government located in Edinburgh
Bute House; the official residence and workplace of the First Minister

Legislative

Scottish Parliament
- List of acts of the Scottish Parliament from 1999

Judicial

College of Justice; includes the Supreme Courts of Scotland
- High Court of Justiciary; Scotland's supreme criminal court
- Court of Session; Scotland's supreme civil court
- Office of the Accountant of Court
- Lord President of the Court of Session
- Senator of the College of Justice
  - Supreme Court of the United Kingdom; Scotland's supreme courts can appeal to the Supreme Court of the UK
Sheriff Appeal Court
Sheriff court
Justice of the peace court
Court of the Lord Lyon
Scottish Land Court
Lands Tribunal for Scotland
Children's hearing
Courts of Scotland
- List of courts in Scotland
Crown Office and Procurator Fiscal Service
Faculty of Advocates
Lord Advocate
Lord President of the Court of Session
Procurator Fiscal
Solicitor General for Scotland

Law and order in Scotland

Scots law

Capital punishment in Scotland: There has been a history of capital punishment but it is not used now.
Human rights in Scotland
- Freedom of religion in Scotland
- LGBT rights in Scotland
Law enforcement in Scotland
- Police Scotland
- Scottish Prison Service
  - Prison population of Scotland
Manrent
Marriage in Scotland
Rights of way in Scotland
Udal law

Armed forces in Scotland

Armed forces in Scotland

Scotland had its own military until 1707. Now merged with British Armed Forces except for the Atholl Highlanders.
Military history of Scotland

Local government in Scotland

History of Scotland

Battles between Scotland and England
Kingdom of Scotland
- Parliament of Scotland
- Peerage of Scotland

By period

Timeline of Scottish history
Prehistoric Scotland
Timeline of prehistoric Scotland
Declaration of Arbroath
List of monarchs of Scotland
Kingdom of Scotland
Scotland in the High Middle Ages
Wars of Scottish Independence
Scotland in the Late Middle Ages
Scottish Reformation
Scottish colonization of the Americas
Parliament of Scotland
- List of Acts of the Scottish Parliament to 1707
Treaty of Union 1707
Jacobitism
Scottish Enlightenment
Highland Clearances
Lowland Clearances

By region

History of Angus
History of Dundee
History of Edinburgh
History of Fife
History of Glasgow
History of Orkney
History of the Outer Hebrides

By subject

History of education in Scotland
History of the Jews in Scotland
History of local government in Scotland
History of the Scots language
History of universities in Scotland
Military history of Scotland

Culture of Scotland

Edinburgh as seen from Calton Hill, with Dugald Stewart Monument

Culture of Scotland

Architecture of Scotland
- Architecture of Scotland in the Prehistoric era
- Architecture of Scotland in the Roman era
- Architecture of Scotland in the Middle Ages
- Architecture in early modern Scotland
- Architecture of Scotland in the Industrial Revolution
- Architecture in modern Scotland
- Baronial architecture in Scotland
- Church architecture in Scotland
  - Cathedrals in Scotland
- Castles in Scotland
  - Castles in Scotland
- Hill forts in Scotland
- Historic houses in Scotland
- Housing in Scotland
Cuisine of Scotland
- Harris Tweed
- Hogmanay
- Scottish clan
- Scotch whisky
  - Bean Nighe
- Tartan
  - Tartan Day (List of tartans)
Ethnic minorities in Scotland
Gardens in Scotland
Festivals in Scotland
Humour in Scotland
Inventions and discoveries of Scottish origin
Languages of Scotland
- Scottish Gaelic language
- Lowland Scots
- Scottish English
- Highland English
Marriage in Scotland
- Civil partnership in Scotland
Media in Scotland
- Television in Scotland
Museums in Scotland
Mythology of Scotland
National symbols of Scotland
- Coat of arms of Scotland
- Flag of Scotland
- National anthem of Scotland
Prostitution in Scotland
Public holidays in Scotland
- Christmas in Scotland
Scottish national identity
World Heritage Sites in Scotland

Art in Scotland

Scottish art
- Celtic art
- Migration Period art
- National Gallery of Scotland
Cinema of Scotland
Comedy in Scotland
Dance in Scotland
- Scottish country dance
- Scottish highland dance
- Ghillies
- Jig
- Scottish sword dances
  - Dirk dance
Literature of Scotland
- Scottish writers
- Ossian

Pipe band at Inverness Castle

Music of Scotland
- Bagpipes
  - Great Highland bagpipe
  - Pipe band
- Church music in Scotland
- Classical music in Scotland
- Court music in Scotland
- Folk music of Scotland
- Music of Scotland in the nineteenth century
- Opera in Scotland
- Scottish country dance music
Scottish photography
Theatre in Scotland
- Scottish Playwrights

People of Scotland

Scottish people
- Celt
- Gaels
- Modern Celts
Lists of Scots
- List of monarchs of Scotland
  - List of Queens of Scotland
  - Scottish monarchs family tree
- List of Scottish musicians
- List of Scottish novelists
- List of Scottish scientists
- List of Scottish writers
Scottish surnames

Religion in Scotland

Religion in Scotland
- Buddhism in Scotland
- Christianity in Scotland
  - Baptist Union of Scotland
  - Scottish Episcopal Church
  - Church of Scotland
    - General Assembly of the Church of Scotland
      - List of Moderators of the General Assembly of the Church of Scotland
  - Roman Catholicism in Scotland
- Hinduism in Scotland
- Judaism in Scotland
- Islam in Scotland
- History of the Jews in Scotland
  - List of Scottish Jews
- Sikhism in Scotland

Sports in Scotland

American football in Scotland
- Scottish Claymores
Australian rules football in Scotland
Basketball in Scotland
- Scotland national basketball team
Chess in Scotland
- Scottish Chess Federation
Commonwealth Games Council for Scotland
Cricket in Scotland
- Scottish national cricket team
Curling
Field Hockey in Scotland
- Scotland women's national field hockey team
Football in Scotland
- Scotland national football team
- Scotland women's national football team
- Scottish Football Association
- Scottish Professional Football League
- Scottish Cup
Scotland GAA

Moray Golf Club in Lossiemouth

Golf in Scotland
- The R&A
- Moray Golf Club
- The Royal and Ancient Golf Club of St Andrews
Highland Games
- Tossing the caber
Lacrosse in Scotland
National sports teams of Scotland
Netball
- Scotland national netball team
Campaign for a Scottish Olympic Team – Scotland does not compete at the Olympic Games, Scottish athletes compete as part of the Great Britain team instead. There is however a long running campaign to get a team.
Rugby in Scotland
- Rugby league in Scotland
- Rugby union in Scotland
  - Scottish Rugby Union
  - Scotland national rugby union team
  - History of rugby union in Scotland
  - Murrayfield Stadium
  - List of Scottish rugby union players
  - Rugby union in the Borders
- Rugby Sevens (invented in Scotland)
  - Edinburgh Sevens
  - Melrose Sevens
Stadiums in Scotland
Shinty
- Camanachd Association
- Composite rules shinty-hurling
- Women's shinty

Economy and infrastructure of Scotland

Edinburgh, Scotland's capital city, is the 13th-largest financial centre in the world and 4th largest in Europe in 2020^[5]

Economy of Scotland
- Economic rank (by nominal GDP): (6th; 2023), as a country of the United Kingdom
- Agriculture in Scotland
- Banking in Scotland
  - Bank of Scotland
  - Royal Bank of Scotland
  - Clydesdale Bank
Communications in Scotland
- Scottish media
- List of newspapers in Scotland
- Television in Scotland
  - BBC Scotland
- Internet in Scotland
Companies of Scotland
Currency of the United Kingdom: Pound Sterling
Economic history of Scotland
Energy in Scotland
- Energy policy of Scotland
- Oil industry in Scotland
  - North Sea Oil
- Power stations in Scotland
- Renewable energy in Scotland
- Nuclear power in Scotland
Fire services in Scotland
Health care in Scotland
- Hospitals in Scotland
- NHS Scotland
  - Scottish Ambulance Service
Mining in Scotland
Tourism in Scotland
Transport in Scotland
- Airports in Scotland
- Ports in Scotland
- Rail transport in Scotland
- Roads in Scotland
Water supply and sanitation in Scotland
Wild Scotland

Education in Scotland

General Teaching Council for Scotland
List of universities in Scotland
List of schools in Scotland
Scottish Qualifications Authority

Specific schools

Public schools in Scotland
- Grammar schools in Scotland
- Middle schools in Scotland
Universities

Types of schools

Grammar schools in the United Kingdom
Private school
Preparatory school
Gaelic medium education

Notes

References

↑ The Countries of the UK statistics.gov.uk. Retrieved 10 October 2008.
↑ "Countries within a country". 10 Downing Street. http://www.number10.gov.uk/Page823. "The United Kingdom is made up of four countries: England, Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland"
↑ "ISO 3166-2 Newsletter Date: 2007-11-28 No I-9. "Changes in the list of subdivision names and code elements" (Page 11)". International Organization for Standardization codes for the representation of names of countries and their subdivisions -- Part 2: Country subdivision codes. http://www.iso.org/iso/newsletter_i-9.pdf. "SCT Scotland country"
↑ "Scottish Executive Resources". Scotland in Short. Scottish Executive. 17 February 2006. http://www.scotland.gov.uk/Resource/Doc/923/0010669.pdf.
↑ McSherry, Mark. "Edinburgh 4th in Europe in new Financial Centres index – Scottish Financial Review". https://scottishfinancialreview.com/2020/09/25/edinburgh-4th-in-europe-in-new-financial-centres-index/.

External links

Scotland.org – the official online gateway to Scotland, managed by the Scottish Government
Scottish Government – official site of the Scottish Government
Scottish Parliament – official site of the Scottish Parliament
National Archives of Scotland – official site of the National Archives of Scotland
Homecoming Scotland 2009
Maps and digital collections at the National Library of Scotland
Gazetteer for Scotland – Extensive guide to the places and people of Scotland, by the Royal Scottish Geographical Society and University of Edinburgh
Scottish economic statistics 2005 (pdf) – from the Scottish Executive
Scottish Census Results On Line – official government site for Scotland's census results
Scottish Neighbourhood Statistics – Scottish Government's programme of small area statistics in Scotland
Visit Scotland – official site of Scotland's national tourist board
ScotlandsPeople – official government resource for Scottish genealogy
Outline of Scotland at Curlie
Scotlandpictures.net Scotland in photos

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Original source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Outline of Scotland. Read more

[1] The Countries of the UK statistics.gov.uk. Retrieved 10 October 2008.

[Country-2] "Countries within a country". 10 Downing Street. http://www.number10.gov.uk/Page823. "The United Kingdom is made up of four countries: England, Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland"

[3] "ISO 3166-2 Newsletter Date: 2007-11-28 No I-9. "Changes in the list of subdivision names and code elements" (Page 11)". International Organization for Standardization codes for the representation of names of countries and their subdivisions -- Part 2: Country subdivision codes. http://www.iso.org/iso/newsletter_i-9.pdf. "SCT Scotland country"

[Scottish_Executive-4] "Scottish Executive Resources". Scotland in Short. Scottish Executive. 17 February 2006. http://www.scotland.gov.uk/Resource/Doc/923/0010669.pdf.

[5] McSherry, Mark. "Edinburgh 4th in Europe in new Financial Centres index – Scottish Financial Review". https://scottishfinancialreview.com/2020/09/25/edinburgh-4th-in-europe-in-new-financial-centres-index/.

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Biology:Outline of Scotland

General reference

Geography of Scotland

Location

Environment of Scotland

Natural geographic features of Scotland

Regions of Scotland

Ecoregions of Scotland

Administrative divisions of Scotland

Municipalities of Scotland

Demography of Scotland

Government and politics of Scotland

Branches of the Scottish Government

Executive

Legislative

Judicial

Law and order in Scotland

Armed forces in Scotland

Local government in Scotland

History of Scotland

By period

By region

By subject

Culture of Scotland

Art in Scotland

People of Scotland

Religion in Scotland

Sports in Scotland

Economy and infrastructure of Scotland

Education in Scotland

Specific schools

Types of schools

Notes

See also

References

External links

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