Biology:PRKAB2
![]() Generic protein structure example |
5'-AMP-activated protein kinase subunit beta-2 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the PRKAB2 gene.[1][2]
The protein encoded by this gene is a regulatory subunit of the AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK). AMPK is a heterotrimer consisting of an alpha catalytic subunit, and non-catalytic beta and gamma subunits. AMPK is an important energy-sensing enzyme that monitors cellular energy status. In response to cellular metabolic stresses, AMPK is activated, and thus phosphorylates and inactivates acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACC) and beta-hydroxy beta-methylglutaryl-CoA reductase (HMGCR), key enzymes involved in regulating de novo biosynthesis of fatty acid and cholesterol. This subunit may be a positive regulator of AMPK activity. It is highly expressed in skeletal muscle and thus may have tissue-specific roles.[2]
Related gene problems
Interactions
PRKAB2 has been shown to interact with PRKAG2[3] and PRKAG1.[3]
Research on the genes CHD1L and PRKAB2 within lymphoblast cells[4] lead to the conclusion that anomalies appear with the 1q21.1 deletion syndrome:
- CHD1L is an enzyme which is involved in untangling the chromatids and the DNA repair system. With 1q21.1 deletion syndrome a disturbance occurs, which leads to increased DNA breaks. The role of CHD1L is similar to that of helicase with the Werner syndrome
- PRKAB2 is involved in maintaining the energy level of cells. With 1q21.1-deletion syndrome this function was attenuated.
References
- ↑ "Mammalian AMP-activated protein kinase subfamily". J Biol Chem 271 (2): 611–4. February 1996. doi:10.1074/jbc.271.2.611. PMID 8557660.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 "Entrez Gene: PRKAB2 protein kinase, AMP-activated, beta 2 non-catalytic subunit". https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?Db=gene&Cmd=ShowDetailView&TermToSearch=5565.
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 Cheung, P C; Salt I P; Davies S P; Hardie D G; Carling D (March 2000). "Characterization of AMP-activated protein kinase gamma-subunit isoforms and their role in AMP binding". Biochem. J. (ENGLAND) 346 (3): 659–69. doi:10.1042/0264-6021:3460659. ISSN 0264-6021. PMID 10698692.
- ↑ "Understanding the impact of 1q21.1 copy number variant". Orphanet J Rare Dis 6: 54. 2011. doi:10.1186/1750-1172-6-54. PMID 21824431.
Further reading
- "Non-catalytic beta- and gamma-subunit isoforms of the 5'-AMP-activated protein kinase". J. Biol. Chem. 271 (15): 8675–81. 1996. doi:10.1074/jbc.271.15.8675. PMID 8621499.
- "Characterization of AMP-activated protein kinase beta and gamma subunits. Assembly of the heterotrimeric complex in vitro". J. Biol. Chem. 271 (17): 10282–90. 1996. doi:10.1074/jbc.271.48.30517. PMID 8626596.
- "Normalization and subtraction: two approaches to facilitate gene discovery". Genome Res. 6 (9): 791–806. 1997. doi:10.1101/gr.6.9.791. PMID 8889548.
- "AMP-activated protein kinase isoenzyme family: subunit structure and chromosomal location". FEBS Lett. 409 (3): 452–6. 1997. doi:10.1016/S0014-5793(97)00569-3. PMID 9224708.
- "Identification of a novel AMP-activated protein kinase beta subunit isoform that is highly expressed in skeletal muscle". J. Biol. Chem. 273 (20): 12443–50. 1998. doi:10.1074/jbc.273.20.12443. PMID 9575201.
- "Characterization of AMP-activated protein kinase gamma-subunit isoforms and their role in AMP binding". Biochem. J. 346 (3): 659–69. 2000. doi:10.1042/0264-6021:3460659. PMID 10698692.
- "Insight into hepatocellular carcinogenesis at transcriptome level by comparing gene expression profiles of hepatocellular carcinoma with those of corresponding noncancerous liver". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 98 (26): 15089–94. 2002. doi:10.1073/pnas.241522398. PMID 11752456. Bibcode: 2001PNAS...9815089X.
- "Effects of thyroid state on AMP-activated protein kinase and acetyl-CoA carboxylase expression in muscle". J. Appl. Physiol. 93 (6): 2081–8. 2003. doi:10.1152/japplphysiol.00504.2002. PMID 12433937.
- "Generation and initial analysis of more than 15,000 full-length human and mouse cDNA sequences". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 99 (26): 16899–903. 2003. doi:10.1073/pnas.242603899. PMID 12477932. Bibcode: 2002PNAS...9916899M.
- "Variant screening of PRKAB2, a type 2 diabetes mellitus susceptibility candidate gene on 1q in Pima Indians". Mol. Cell. Probes 16 (6): 421–7. 2003. doi:10.1006/mcpr.2002.0439. PMID 12490143. https://zenodo.org/record/1229938.
- "Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human cDNAs". Nat. Genet. 36 (1): 40–5. 2004. doi:10.1038/ng1285. PMID 14702039.
- "AMP-kinase regulates food intake by responding to hormonal and nutrient signals in the hypothalamus". Nature 428 (6982): 569–74. 2004. doi:10.1038/nature02440. PMID 15058305. Bibcode: 2004Natur.428..569M.
- "The Status, Quality, and Expansion of the NIH Full-Length cDNA Project: The Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC)". Genome Res. 14 (10B): 2121–7. 2004. doi:10.1101/gr.2596504. PMID 15489334.
- "Diversification of transcriptional modulation: Large-scale identification and characterization of putative alternative promoters of human genes". Genome Res. 16 (1): 55–65. 2006. doi:10.1101/gr.4039406. PMID 16344560.
- "The DNA sequence and biological annotation of human chromosome 1". Nature 441 (7091): 315–21. 2006. doi:10.1038/nature04727. PMID 16710414. Bibcode: 2006Natur.441..315G.
- "Large-scale mapping of human protein–protein interactions by mass spectrometry". Mol. Syst. Biol. 3 (1): 89. 2007. doi:10.1038/msb4100134. PMID 17353931.
![]() | Original source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PRKAB2.
Read more |