Biology:Pandanus grayorum
| Pandanus grayorum | |
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Scientific classification 
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| Kingdom: | Plantae |
| Clade: | Tracheophytes |
| Clade: | Angiosperms |
| Clade: | Monocots |
| Order: | Pandanales |
| Family: | Pandanaceae |
| Genus: | Pandanus |
| Species: | P. grayorum
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| Binomial name | |
| Pandanus grayorum | |
Pandanus grayorum is a plant in the family Pandanaceae which is endemic to a very small area of northeast Queensland. It is closely related to both Pandanus gemmifer and Pandanus solms-laubachii, and it coexists with the latter.
Description
Pandanus grayorum is an evergreen tree growing up to 9 m (30 ft) high. Like P. gemmifer the stem is marked with spirally arranged nodules, and there are numerous "pups" or plantlets on the branches. There may be prop or stilt roots up to 50 cm (20 in) high emanating from the lowest portion of the stem. Leaves are about 250 cm (98 in) long, 9 cm (3.5 in) wide at the base and tapering gradually along the full length to a fine point. Small spurs occur along the leaf margins and midrib.[3]
The inflorescence is terminal and pendant, occurring from mid-spring to mid-summer. The fruit is a syncarp measuring up to 40 cm (16 in) long by 22 cm (8.7 in) wide, orange-red in colour, with numerous segments each with 12–18 carpels. Fruit mature over a period of almost 12 months, ripening around the same time as the next season's flowers appear.[3] The tree can also reproduce by means of the "pups", which detach and fall to the ground and can grow into a new plant beneath the parent.[3][4]
Taxonomy
This species was first described in 2020 by Martin Wilhelm Callmander, Sven Buerki, Frank Zich, Ashley R. Field and Timothy Gallaher. Their paper, titled Pandanus grayorum (Pandanaceae), a new species endemic to north-eastern Queensland (Australia), was published in June 2021 in the journal Australian Systematic Botany.[4]
Etymology
The species epithet grayorum was chosen by the authors to honour the Australian botanist Bruce Gray, who spent many years working in North Queensland,[5] on his 80th birthday.[1][3]
Distribution and habitat
Pandanus grayorum has a very limited distribution, occurring in lowland rainforest and mangrove forest margins in close proximity to the Russell, Mulgrave, Johnstone, Alice, and Moresby rivers in the coastal area between Cairns and Silkwood.[3][6] It has an extent of occurrence (EEO) of 231 km2 (89 sq mi), with a very small area of occupancy (AOO) of just 28 km2 (11 sq mi).[3]
Conservation
This species is listed by the Queensland Department of Environment and Science as least concern.[7] (As of February 2023), it has not been assessed by the IUCN.
The authors suggest in their paper that the species be given a status of vulnerable, due to the fact that most collections of it are from outside protected areas, and the areas adjacent to occurrences are mostly agricultural which are potentially subject to clearing.[3][4]
Gallery
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 "Pandanus grayorum". Centre for Plant Biodiversity Research, Australian Government. https://id.biodiversity.org.au/name/apni/51415418.
- ↑ "Pandanus grayorum Callm., Buerki & Gallaher". Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. https://powo.science.kew.org/taxon/urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77218210-1.
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 3.3 3.4 3.5 3.6 "Pandanus grayorum Callm., Buerki & Gallaher, 2021". https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03CA87CD-1438-3C52-1D42-7D62FBEAFC68.
- ↑ 4.0 4.1 4.2 Callmander, Martin W.; Buerki, Sven; Zich, Frank A.; Field, Ashley R.; Gallaher, Timothy (June 2021). "Pandanus grayorum (Pandanaceae), a new species endemic to north-eastern Queensland (Australia)". Australian Systematic Botany 34 (4): 327−335. doi:10.1071/SB20033.
- ↑ "Gray, Bruce (1939 - )". Council of Heads of Australasian Herberia. https://www.anbg.gov.au/biography/gray-bruce.html.
- ↑ "Pandanus sp. Russell River". Centre for Australian National Biodiversity Research (CANBR), Australian Government. 2020. https://apps.lucidcentral.org/rainforest/text/entities/pandanus_sp._russell_river.htm.
- ↑ "Species profile—Pandanus grayorum". Queensland Government. 2022. https://apps.des.qld.gov.au/species-search/details/?id=41779.
External links
- View a map of historical sightings of this species at the Australasian Virtual Herbarium
- View observations of this species on iNaturalist
- View images of this species on Flickriver
Wikidata ☰ Q116784337 entry
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