Biology:Parabacteroides
| Parabacteroides | |
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| Scientific classification | |
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| Phylum: | |
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| Genus: | Parabacteroides Sakamoto and Benno 2006[1]
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| Type species | |
| Parabacteroides distasonis[1] | |
| Species | |
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P. acidifaciens[1] | |
Parabacteroides is a Gram-negative, anaerobic, non-spore-forming genus from the family Tannerellaceae.[2][3][4][5]
First isolated from fecal specimen in 1933, type strain Parabacteroides distasonis was originally classified under the name Bacteroides distasonis.[6] The strain was re-classified to form the new genus Parabacteroides in 2006.[7] Parabacteroides currently comprise 21 phylogenetically, ecologically, and metabolically diverse species, 11 of which are validly published in the taxonomic database List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature (LPSN).[2]
Within the Parabacteroides genus, species P. distasonis and P. goldsteinii have been associated with beneficial effects in human health, relating to their integral role in gut microbiota along the digestive tract.[8][9][10]
Taxonomy
The taxon ID number used for prokaryotic genus Parabacteroides is 516255.[2] Parent taxon comes from bacterial family Tannerellaceae, identified by number 29533 in the online LPSN database.[2]
Genomics
The genomes of Parabacteroides are highly variable, both across species and within a single strain. For example, genomes isolated from type strain P. distasonis range in size from approximately 4.5 to 5.2 Mb (megabases) and encode over 2,000 functional proteins, signifying substantial variation within the species.[11]
Species
The genus Parabacteroides comprises the following species, 11 of which are validly published by the List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature (LPSN): [2]
| Validly Named by the LPSN [2] | Not Validly Named by the LPSN [2] |
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Role in the human gut microenvironment
Part of the bacterial order Bacteroidales present in the human gut, Parabacteroides are commonly found within the gut microenvironment. Parabacteroides species constitute a significant component of microbiota along the digestive tract, benefitting from a commensal relationship with the human body. Intestinal microbiota also benefit the human host, modulating essential metabolism-related processes within the gut microenvironment.[12]
P. distasonis and P. goldsteinii in particular form biofilms in the gut microbiota, allowing these species to survive under harsh conditions and maintain ample populations in extreme pH environments.[8] Recent studies elucidate new applications of Parabacteroides as probiotics, supporting balanced microbiota composition as a benefit to human digestive health.[8] Both P. distasonis and P. goldsteinii exhibit anti-obesity effects via production of secondary bile acids and succinate within the gut microenvironment.[8][10] Studies on Parabacteroides species P. distasonis reveal metabolic benefits of this mechanism, including control of weight gain, decrease in hyperglycemia, and amelioration of hepatic steatosis and other metabolic diseases. [9]
References
- ↑ 1.00 1.01 1.02 1.03 1.04 1.05 1.06 1.07 1.08 1.09 1.10 1.11 1.12 1.13 1.14 1.15 1.16 1.17 1.18 1.19 1.20 1.21 1.22 Parte, A.C.. Parabacteroides. https://lpsn.dsmz.de/genus/parabacteroides.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 2.5 2.6 "Genus: Parabacteroides" (in en). https://lpsn.dsmz.de/genus/parabacteroides.
- ↑ "UniProt". https://www.uniprot.org/taxonomy/375288.
- ↑ Bergey's manual of systematic bacteriology. David R. Boone, Richard W. Castenholz, George M. Garrity (2nd ed.). New York: Springer. 2011. ISBN 978-0-387-98771-2. OCLC 45951601. https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/45951601.
- ↑ Schaechter's mechanisms of microbial disease. Moselio Schaechter, N. Cary Engleberg, Victor J. DiRita, Terence Dermody (5th ed.). Philadelphia: Wolters Kluwer Health/Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. 2013. ISBN 978-0-7817-8744-4. OCLC 769141612. https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/769141612.
- ↑ Eggerth, A. H.; Gagnon, B. H. (1933). "The Bacteroides of Human Feces". Journal of Bacteriology 25 (4): 389–413. doi:10.1128/jb.25.4.389-413.1933. ISSN 0021-9193. PMID 16559622.
- ↑ Sakamoto, Mitsuo; Benno, YoshimiYR 2006 (2006). "Reclassification of Bacteroides distasonis, Bacteroides goldsteinii and Bacteroides merdae as Parabacteroides distasonis gen. nov., comb. nov., Parabacteroides goldsteinii comb. nov. and Parabacteroides merdae comb. nov.". International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology 56 (7): 1599–1605. doi:10.1099/ijs.0.64192-0. ISSN 1466-5034. PMID 16825636. https://www.microbiologyresearch.org/content/journal/ijsem/10.1099/ijs.0.64192-0.
- ↑ 8.0 8.1 8.2 8.3 Wang, Kai; Liao, Mingfang; Zhou, Nan; Bao, Li; Ma, Ke; Zheng, Zhongyong; Wang, Yujing; Liu, Chang et al. (2019-01-02). "Parabacteroides distasonis Alleviates Obesity and Metabolic Dysfunctions via Production of Succinate and Secondary Bile Acids" (in en). Cell Reports 26 (1): 222–235.e5. doi:10.1016/j.celrep.2018.12.028. ISSN 2211-1247. PMID 30605678. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2211124718319582.
- ↑ 9.0 9.1 Zeng, Qiang; Li, Dongfang; He, Yuan; Li, Yinhu; Yang, Zhenyu; Zhao, Xiaolan; Liu, Yanhong; Wang, Yu et al. (2019-09-17). "Discrepant gut microbiota markers for the classification of obesity-related metabolic abnormalities" (in en). Scientific Reports 9 (1): 13424. doi:10.1038/s41598-019-49462-w. ISSN 2045-2322. PMID 31530820. Bibcode: 2019NatSR...913424Z.
- ↑ 10.0 10.1 Wu, Tsung-Ru; Lin, Chuan-Sheng; Chang, Chih-Jung; Lin, Tzu-Lung; Martel, Jan; Ko, Yun-Fei; Ojcius, David M.; Lu, Chia-Chen et al. (2019-02-01). "Gut commensal Parabacteroides goldsteinii plays a predominant role in the anti-obesity effects of polysaccharides isolated from Hirsutella sinensis" (in en). Gut 68 (2): 248–262. doi:10.1136/gutjnl-2017-315458. ISSN 0017-5749. PMID 30007918. https://gut.bmj.com/content/68/2/248.
- ↑ Yang, Falong; Kumar, Anand; Davenport, Karen Walston; Kelliher, Julia Mae; Ezeji, Jessica C.; Good, Caryn E.; Jacobs, Michael R.; Conger, Mathew et al. (2019-09-05). "Complete Genome Sequence of a Parabacteroides distasonis Strain (CavFT hAR46) Isolated from a Gut Wall-Cavitating Microlesion in a Patient with Severe Crohn's Disease". Microbiology Resource Announcements 8 (36): e00585–19. doi:10.1128/MRA.00585-19. ISSN 2576-098X. PMID 31488526.
- ↑ Rolls, Edmund T. (2016). "Reward Systems in the Brain and Nutrition". Annual Review of Nutrition 36 (1): 435–470. doi:10.1146/annurev-nutr-071715-050725. PMID 27146018. https://www.annualreviews.org/toc/nutr/36/1.
Further reading
- Krogh, Thøger Jensen; Agergaard, Charlotte Nielsen; Møller-Jensen, Jakob; Justesen, Ulrik Stenz (20 August 2015). "Draft Genome Sequence of Parabacteroides goldsteinii with Putative Novel Metallo-β-Lactamases Isolated from a Blood Culture from a Human Patient". Genome Announcements 3 (4): e00937-15. doi:10.1128/genomeA.00937-15. PMID 26294633.
- Sakamoto, M; Benno, Y (July 2006). "Reclassification of Bacteroides distasonis, Bacteroides goldsteinii and Bacteroides merdae as Parabacteroides distasonis gen. nov., comb. nov., Parabacteroides goldsteinii comb. nov. and Parabacteroides merdae comb. nov.". International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology 56 (Pt 7): 1599–605. doi:10.1099/ijs.0.64192-0. PMID 16825636.
- Bilen, Melhem; Cadoret, Frederic; Daoud, Ziad; Fournier, Pierre-Edouard; Raoult, Didier (December 2016). "Parabacteroides timonensis sp. nov., identified in human stool". Human Microbiome Journal 2: 1–2. doi:10.1016/j.humic.2016.10.002.
- Versalovic, James (2011). Manual of Clinical Microbiology (10th ed.). Washington, DC: ASM Press. ISBN 978-1-555-81463-2.
- Gophna, Uri (2013). Lateral Gene Transfer in Evolution. New York, NY: Springer. ISBN 978-1-461-47780-8.
Wikidata ☰ Q21219470 entry
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