Biology:Phlegmacium ponderosum
| Phlegmacium ponderosum | |
|---|---|
| |
Scientific classification 
| |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Fungi |
| Division: | Basidiomycota |
| Class: | Agaricomycetes |
| Order: | Agaricales |
| Family: | Cortinariaceae |
| Genus: | Phlegmacium |
| Species: | P. ponderosum
|
| Binomial name | |
| Phlegmacium ponderosum (A.H.Sm.) Niskanen & Liimat. (2022)
| |
| Synonyms | |
| |
| Cortinarius ponderosus | |
|---|---|
 | |
 | gills on hymenium |
 | cap is convex |
 | hymenium is adnate |
 | stipe is bare |
 | spore print is yellow |
 | ecology is mycorrhizal |
 | edibility: not recommended |
Phlegmacium ponderosum, also known as the Ponderous Cortinarius, is a species of mushroom producing fungus in the family Cortinariaceae.[1] It is very large and due to its thick stem it can be mistaken for Boletus edulis.
Taxonomy
It was described in 1939 by the American mycologist Alexander H. Smith who classified it as Cortinarius ponderosus.[2]
In 2022 the species was transferred from Cortinarius and reclassified as Phlegmacium ponderosum based on genomic data.[3]
Description
This mushroom is one of the largest mushrooms in the family Cortinariaceae, with a convex cap that ranges from 10–30 cm (4–12 in)[4] and becomes plane in age. It often has an olive metallic tinge, and the surface is viscid, often with small rusty brown scales.[4] The margin is ocher and remains inrolled until the mushroom is fully mature. The flesh of the mushroom is yellow-white, thick and firm, with a mild to sour odor.[4] The gills are rusty brown, adnate[4] and slightly decurrent. The stalk is 8–20 cm (3–8 in) thick, 4–10 cm wide, and bulbous at the base.[4] It has a slimy yellow universal veil, and the cortina leaves a rusty brown hairy area on the upper stalk. The spores are brown and elliptical.[4]
Its edibility is unknown, but it is not recommended due to its similarity to deadly poisonous species.[4]
Cortinarius infractus is a similar species that usually has a smaller cap.[4]
Etymology
The specific epithet ponderosum (originally ponderosus) is named for the Pinus ponderosa trees which Smith observed the mushrooms growing under.[2]
Habitat and distribution
Smith observed the mushrooms growing under Pinus ponderosa and Quercus (Oak) species near Cave City in Oregon and under Spruce trees near Crescent City, California .[2]
See also
References
- ↑ "Species Fungorum - Phlegmacium ponderosum (A.H. Sm.) Niskanen & Liimat.". http://www.speciesfungorum.org/Names/GSDSpecies.asp?RecordID=559017.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 Smith, Alexander H. (1939). "Studies in the Genus Cortinarius I". Contributions from the University of Michigan Herbarium (Ann Arbor: University Herbarium, University of Michigan) 2: 6. https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/46236#page/10/mode/1up.
- ↑ Liimatainen, Kare; Kim, Jan T.; Pokorny, Lisa; Kirk, Paul M.; Dentinger, Bryn; Niskanen, Tuula (2022-01-01). "Taming the beast: a revised classification of Cortinariaceae based on genomic data" (in en). Fungal Diversity 112 (1): 89–170. doi:10.1007/s13225-022-00499-9. ISSN 1878-9129. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13225-022-00499-9.
- ↑ 4.0 4.1 4.2 4.3 4.4 4.5 4.6 4.7 Davis, R. Michael; Sommer, Robert; Menge, John A. (2012). Field Guide to Mushrooms of Western North America. Berkeley: University of California Press. pp. 261–262. ISBN 978-0-520-95360-4. OCLC 797915861. https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/797915861.
Wikidata ☰ Q5173323 entry
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