Biology:Phoneutria boliviensis
| Phoneutria boliviensis | |
|---|---|
| |
| In the Peruvian Amazon | |
Scientific classification 
| |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Arthropoda |
| Subphylum: | Chelicerata |
| Class: | Arachnida |
| Order: | Araneae |
| Infraorder: | Araneomorphae |
| Family: | Ctenidae |
| Genus: | Phoneutria |
| Species: | P. boliviensis
|
| Binomial name | |
| Phoneutria boliviensis (F.O. P-Cambridge, 1897)[1]
| |
Phoneutria boliviensis is a species of a medically important spider in the family Ctenidae found in Central and South America.[1][2]
Characteristics
Male
Males have a varied color. The prosoma, legs and sternum are brown, and the opisthosoma is dark. Males grow from 30 to 35 mm in length.
Females
The females are slightly larger, growing up to 30-40 mm in length, with a yellowish to brownish brown prosoma. There are clipped lateral black lines, a thin longitudinal black band and yellow bands dorsally on the pedipalp. The opisthosoma is dorsally yellowish, with a bright yellow-brownish pair of beams. The ventral part of the opisthosoma varies from gold to yellow with two sharp brown spots and two white spots. The chelicerae vary from red to reddish-brown. The legs have two small yellow spots dorsally and thin black transverse stripes.[3]
Distribution and habitat
Phoneutria boliviensis lives in both Central and South America. In South America it can be seen in Bolivia, Paraguay, Peru, Ecuador, Brazil and Colombia. They are also found in habitats associated with dry and humid tropical forests, usually in soil with little waste.[2][4]
Reproduction
Females lay up to 4 egg sacks, with 430-1,300 puppies hatching after 28-34 days. Reproductive behavior consists of the male riding on the female, showing a typical copulation position of modern wandering spiders.[2]
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 "Taxon details Phoneutria boliviensis (F.O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1897)", World Spider Catalog (Natural History Museum Bern), http://www.wsc.nmbe.ch/species/8080, retrieved 2017-04-27
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 Hazzi, Nicolas A. (2014). "Natural history of Phoneutria boliviensis (Araneae: Ctenidae): habitats, reproductive behavior, postembryonic development and prey-wrapping". The Journal of Arachnology 42 (3): 303–310. doi:10.1636/Hi13-05.1. ISSN 0161-8202. https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/partpdf/229476.
- ↑ "araneae - Phoneutria boliviensis" (in en). https://araneae.nmbe.ch/data/5237/Phoneutria_boliviensis.
- ↑ Estrada-Gomez, Sebastian; Vargas Muñoz, Leidy Johana; Lanchero, Paula; Segura Latorre, Cesar (2015-07-31). "Partial Characterization of Venom from the Colombian Spider Phoneutria Boliviensis (Aranae:Ctenidae)". Toxins 7 (8): 2872–2887. doi:10.3390/toxins7082872. ISSN 2072-6651. PMID 26264023.
Wikidata ☰ Q2642565 entry
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