Biology:Pimpla turionellae
| Pimpla turionellae | |
|---|---|
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Scientific classification 
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| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Arthropoda |
| Class: | Insecta |
| Order: | Hymenoptera |
| Family: | Ichneumonidae |
| Genus: | Pimpla |
| Species: | P. turionellae
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| Binomial name | |
| Pimpla turionellae (Linnaeus, 1758)
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Pimpla turionellae is a species of parasitoid wasp in the family Ichneumonidae.[1][2][3][4][5] It attacks the larvae and pupae of various moths[6] (including Galleria mellonella[7]).
This parasitoid is able to kill hosts with just its venom through cytotoxicity, but in order to reproduce, the parasitoid must be present and lay its eggs inside the host.[7]
Behaviour
Adults must locate, paralyse & lay their eggs inside moth pupae. However, P. turionellae’s prey are highly concealed endophytes, meaning sight alone is not always efficient enough to reliably find well-hidden prey. Instead, P. turionellae can use vibrational sounding, allowing it to ‘echolocate’ through the substrate, using its antennae to transmit and detect vibrations.[6] After receiving these signals, females insert their ovipositors toward density differences.[8]thumb
Subspecies
These three subspecies belong to the species Pimpla turionellae:
- Pimpla turionellae basiflava Constantineanu & Ciochia, 1967 c g
- Pimpla turionellae moraguesi Schmiedeknecht, 1888 c g
- Pimpla turionellae turionellae g
Data sources: i = ITIS,[9] c = Catalogue of Life,[1] g = GBIF,[2] b = Bugguide.net[3]
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 "Pimpla turionellae species details". http://www.catalogueoflife.org/col/details/species/id/ed873410359f16e7be84e45198c190c5. Retrieved 2018-04-06.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 "Pimpla turionellae". https://www.gbif.org/species/1278126. Retrieved 2018-04-06.
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 "Pimpla turionellae Species Information". https://bugguide.net/node/view/349702. Retrieved 2018-04-06.
- ↑ "Pimpla turionellae Overview". http://eol.org/pages/13355777/overview. Retrieved 2018-04-06.
- ↑ Carlson, Robert W.. "Superfamily Ichneumonoidea, Discover Life". http://www.discoverlife.org/proceedings/0000/6/html/Ichneumonidae.html. Retrieved 2018-04-06.
- ↑ 6.0 6.1 Otten, Hedi (2000). Vibrational sounding: a sophisticated host-searching strategy of the pupal parasitoid Pimpla turionella (Thesis). ETH Zurich. doi:10.3929/ETHZ-A-003929999.
- ↑ 7.0 7.1 Er, Aylin; Uçkan, Fevzi; Rivers, David B; Ergin, Ekrem; Sak, Olga (1 March 2010). "Effects of Parasitization and Envenomation by the Endoparasitic Wasp Pimpla turionellae (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae) on Hemocyte Numbers, Morphology, and Viability of Its Host Galleria mellonella Lepidoptera: Pyralidae)". Annals of the Entomological Society of America 103 (2): 273–282. doi:10.1603/AN09065.
- ↑ Otten H, Wäckers F, & Dorn S (1998). Variation in vibrations produced by Pimpla turionellae (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae). Proceedings of the section experimental and applied entomology of the netherlands entomological society (NEV), 73-74
- ↑ "ITIS, Integrated Taxonomic Information System". https://www.itis.gov/. Retrieved 2018-04-06.
Further reading
- Arnett, Ross H. Jr. (2000). American Insects: A Handbook of the Insects of America North of Mexico (2nd ed.). CRC Press. ISBN 0-8493-0212-9. https://books.google.com/books?id=DKzAmSDdLtsC.
- "Catalog of Hymenoptera in America North of Mexico". Smithsonian Institution Press. 1979. https://library.si.edu/digital-library/book/catalog-hymenoptera-america-north-mexico. Retrieved 2018-04-06.
External links
Wikidata ☰ Q14471991 entry
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