Biology:Ploceus

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Short description: Genus of birds

Ploceus
The birds of Africa, comprising all the species which occur in the Ethiopian region (1896) (14748527162).jpg
Bocage's weaver (P. temporalis) and
Bertram's weaver (P. bertrandi) ♀
Scientific classification e
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Aves
Order: Passeriformes
Family: Ploceidae
Genus: Ploceus
Cuvier, 1816
Type species
Loxia philippina[1]
Linnaeus, 1766
Species

See text

Synonyms[2]
  • Sharpia Sundevall, 1872
  • Swainson, 1837 Hyphanturgus
  • Cabanis, 1851 Nelicurvius
  • Bonaparte, 1850 Nelicurvus
  • Pollen, 1863 Oberholser, 1905
  • Shelley, 1896 Shelley, 1896
  • Reichenow, 1903 Billberg, 1828
  • Merrem, 1826 Barboza de Bocage, 1878
  • Reichenbach, 1850 Temminck, 1827
  • Sitagroides Thomasophantes
  • Ploceus Ploceëlla
  • Plocus Simplectes
  • Roberts, 1947 Sclater, 1925
  • Notiospiza Othyphantes
  • Pachyphantes Phormoplectes
  • victoriae Ash, 1986 Oates, 1874
  • Lafresnaye, 1835 Lesson, 1844
  • Cabanis, 1851 Symplectes
  • Textor Sycobrotus
  • Hyphanthurgus Ploceys
  • Plocion Sitagra
Ploceinae, 1st group
Black-breasted weaver
"true Ploceus"
Madagascar fody
(genus Foudia)
Red-billed quelea
(genus Quelea)
Southern red bishop
(genus Euplectes)
Ploceinae, 2nd group
Nelicourvi weaver
(genus Ploceus)
"reinstated Nelicurvius"
Cassin's malimbe
(genus Malimbus)
"extended Malimbus"
Red-headed weaver
(genus Anaplectes)
"extended Malimbus"
Southern masked weaver
(genus Ploceus)
"extended Malimbus"

Ploceus is a genus of birds in the weaver family, Ploceidae. They are native to the Indomalayan and Afrotropical realms.

Taxonomy and systematics

Phylogeny

The genus Ploceus was introduced by the French naturalist Georges Cuvier in 1816.[3] The type species was subsequently designated as the baya weaver.[4] The genus name is from Ancient Greek πλοκευς plokeus meaning "weaver", and is derived from the Greek word πλεκω plekō "to entwine".[5]

Based on recent DNA-analysis, the genus Ploceus is almost certainly polyphyletic. If all species currently included in the genus would remain and the genus would be made monophyletic, it would have to encompass the entire subfamily Ploceinae. The Ploceinae can be divided into two groups. In the first group, the widowbirds and bishops (genus Euplectes) are sister to a clade in which the genera Foudia and Quelea are closest relatives and which further includes the Asiatic species of Ploceus, i.e. P. manyar, P. philippinus, P. benghalensis, P. megarhynchus, (and P. hypoxanthus, although untested). Since Georges Cuvier picked P. philippinus as the type species, these five species would logically remain assigned to the genus Ploceus.

Basic to the second group is a clade consisting of both species so far included in Ploceus that live on Madagascar, P. nelicourvi and P. sakalava, and these are morphologically very distinct from the remaining species. These two species could in future be assigned to the genus Nelicurvius that was erected by Charles Lucien Bonaparte in 1850, but which was merged with Ploceus later on. This second group further contains the genera Malimbus and Anaplectes, and all remaining Ploceus species. As Malimbus is the earlier name, erected by Vieillot et al. in 1805, the remaining species of Ploceus, as well as Anaplectes rubiceps, could in future be assigned to Malimbus.[6] These changes are largely corroborated by morphological revisions.[7][8] Provided that the other genera that have not been proposed to be merged into an extended "Malimbus" are monophyletic, the following (incomplete) tree expresses current insights.

subfamily Ploceinae
 
 
 
"true Ploceus"
 

P. megarhynchus

 
 
 

P. benghalensis

 
 
 

P. manyar

 
 

P. philippinus

 
 
 
 
 
 

genus Foudia

 
 

genus Quelea

 
 
 
 

genus Euplectes

 
 
 
 
"reinstated Nelicurvius"
 

P. nelicourvi

 
 

P. sakalava

 
 
"extended Malimbus"
 
 
 
 

Malimbus malimbicus

 
 

Malimbus nitens

 
 
 
 
 

Malimbus cassini

 
 

Malimbus racheliae

 
 
 
 
 

Anaplectes rubiceps

 
 

P. bicolor

 
 
 
 
 

Malimbus rubricollis

 
 

P. albinucha

 
 
 
 

P. insignis

 
 

P. olivaceiceps

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

P. xanthops

 
 
 

P. velatus

 
 

P. subaureus

 
 
 
 
 

P. nigricollis

 
 
 

P. ocularis

 
 
 
 
 

P. pelzelni

 
 

P. luteolus

 
 
 
 

P. melanogaster

 
 

P. alienus

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

P. vitellinus

 
 
 

P. rubiginosus

 
 
 

P. aurantius

 
 
 
 

P. bertrandi

 
 

P. baglafecht

 
 
 
 
 

P. nigerrimus

 
 

P. weynsi

 
 
 
 

P. cucullatus

 
 
 
 

P. castaneiceps

 
 

P. xanthopterus

 
 
 
 

P. heuglini

 
 
 

P. taeniopterus

 
 

P. melanocephalus

 
 

P. castanops

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

Species list

Speke's weaver (Ploceus spekei, below) and village weaver (Ploceus cucullatus subsp. nigriceps)

The genus contains 68 species.[9]

Image Common name Scientific name Distribution
Baglafecht Weaver - Tanzania 0106 (22850517295).jpg Baglafecht weaver Ploceus baglafecht eastern and central Africa
Bannerman's Weaver (Ploceus bannermani).jpg Bannerman's weaver Ploceus bannermani Cameroon and Nigeria.
OthyphantesBatesiGronvold.jpg Bates's weaver Ploceus batesi Cameroon.
Black-chinned weaver Ploceus nigrimentus Bailundu Highlands of western Angola, on the Batéké Plateau in Republic of the Congo, and in eastern Gabon.
HyphantornisBertrandiKeulemans.jpg Bertram's weaver Ploceus bertrandi Malawi, Mozambique, Tanzania, and Zambia.
Slender billed weaver fem1.jpg Slender-billed weaver Ploceus pelzelni western Africa.
Loango weaver Ploceus subpersonatus Angola, Republic of the Congo, Democratic Republic of the Congo, and Gabon.
Little Weaver - Baringo - Kenya NH8O1263 (22229369863).jpg Little weaver Ploceus luteolus western, central and eastern Africa.
Spectacled Weaver.jpg Spectacled weaver Ploceus ocularis central, eastern and south-eastern Africa
Ploceus nigricollis.jpeg Black-necked weaver Ploceus nigricollis tropical Africa from Senegal and northern Angola to South Sudan and Tanzania.
Black-necked Weaver - Ghana S4E2483 (22458282099).jpg Olive-naped weaver Ploceus brachypterus West Africa from Senegal and Gambia to Camaroon..
Strange weaver.jpg Strange weaver Ploceus alienus Albertine Rift montane forests.
Black-billed Weaver - Kakamega - Kenya 6 1635 (22227722834).jpg Black-billed weaver Ploceus melanogaster central Africa.
Cape Weaver (44031839504).jpg Cape weaver Ploceus capensis southern Africa.
The birds of Africa, comprising all the species which occur in the Ethiopian region (1896) (14748527162), Ploceus temporalis.jpg Bocage's weaver Ploceus temporalis Angola, southern Democratic Republic of the Congo and northwestern Zambia.
Eastern golden weaver - KwaZulu-Natal (8450712989).jpg Eastern golden weaver Ploceus subaureus eastern and south-eastern Africa.
Holub's golden weaver (Ploceus xanthops) (22561083782).jpg Holub's golden weaver Ploceus xanthops Gabon to Uganda and Kenya, south to northern Namibia, northern Botswana and eastern South Africa
Orange Weaver near Ankasa - Ghana 14 S4E2261 (15578575333).jpg Orange weaver Ploceus aurantius western and central Africa.
Heuglin's Masked Weaver specimen RWD.jpg Heuglin's masked weaver Ploceus heuglini Senegal, Gambia and Mali to Ivory Coast and east to Uganda and western Kenya.
Golden Palm Weaver - Meru - Kenya 06 8317 (22850470935).jpg Golden palm weaver Ploceus bojeri eastern Africa.
Taveta Golden Weaver RWD.jpg Taveta weaver Ploceus castaneiceps African Savannah in Kenya and Tanzania.
Príncipe golden weaver (Ploceus princeps) male.jpg Príncipe weaver Ploceus princeps São Tomé and Príncipe
Northern Brown-throated Weaver (Ploceus castanops) (45671971275).jpg Northern brown-throated weaver Ploceus castanops Uganda, Rwanda and adjacent northern Burundi, eastern Democratic Republic of the Congo, western Kenya and northwestern Tanzania.
Southern brown-throated weaver (Ploceus xanthopterus castaneigula) male.jpg Southern brown-throated weaver Ploceus xanthopterus southern Africa.
Ruvu weaver Ploceus holoxanthus eastern Africa.
Kilombero weaver Ploceus burnieri Tanzania.
Al-habbak.jpg Rüppell's weaver Ploceus galbula Sudan to Somalia and extreme northern Kenya.
Northern masked weaver (Ploceus taeniopterus) male.jpg Northern masked weaver Ploceus taeniopterus Democratic Republic of the Congo, Ethiopia, Kenya, and Sudan.
Black Headed Oriole (6290941942).jpg Lesser masked weaver Ploceus intermedius eastern, south-eastern and southern Africa.
Maskenwebervogel2.jpeg Southern masked weaver Ploceus velatus southern Africa.
20160605 0518 Bangweulu Tisserin du Katanga (cropped).jpg Katanga masked weaver Ploceus katangae south-eastern Democratic Republic of the Congo and northern Zambia.
Lufira masked weaver Ploceus ruweti Democratic Republic of the Congo.
Tanzanian masked weaver Ploceus reichardi south-western Tanzania and north-eastern Zambia.
Vitelline Masked Weaver male RWD.jpg Vitelline masked weaver Ploceus vitellinus western, central and eastern Africa.
Speke's weaver (Ploceus spekei).jpg Speke's weaver Ploceus spekei northern and eastern Somalia, Ethiopia, Kenya, and north-eastern Tanzania
Fox's Weaver specimen RWD.jpg Fox's weaver Ploceus spekeoides Uganda.
Black-headed weaver (Ploceus cucullatus bohndorffi) male.jpg Village weaver Ploceus cucullatus Sub-Saharan Africa; introduced to Hispaniola, Dominica, Mauritius and Réunion.
Ploceus grandis cropped.jpg Giant weaver Ploceus grandis São Tomé Island.
Vieillot's black weaver (Ploceus nigerrimus castaneofuscus) male.jpg Chestnut-and-black weaver Ploceus castaneofuscus western and central Africa
Viellot's Weaver - Kibale - Uganda 06 4155 (22850466945).jpg Vieillot's black weaver Ploceus nigerrimus West Africa
Weyns's Weaver specimen RWD.jpg Weyns's weaver Ploceus weynsi eastern Democratic Republic of the Congo and north-western Tanzania.
Clarke's Weaver specimen RWD.jpg Clarke's weaver Ploceus golandi Kenya.
Juba Weaver.jpg Juba weaver Ploceus dichrocephalus Horn of Africa.
Yellow backed weaver.jpg Black-headed weaver Ploceus melanocephalus West, Central, and East Africa
Golden-backed Weaver - Baringo - Kenya NH8O1102 (28909840167).jpg Golden-backed weaver Ploceus jacksoni Burundi, Kenya, South Sudan, Tanzania, and Uganda.
Cinnamon weaver Ploceus badius Sudan and South Sudan
Chestnut weaver (Ploceus rubiginosus) male.jpg Chestnut weaver Ploceus rubiginosus eastern and south-western Africa.
Golden-naped weaver Ploceus aureonucha northeastern Democratic Republic of the Congo.
Yellow-mantled Weaver - Kakum - Ghana 14 S4E2382 (16012589227).jpg Yellow-mantled weaver Ploceus tricolor African tropical rainforest.
Maxwell's Black Weaver, Kakum, Ghana S4E1381, crop.jpg Maxwell's black weaver Ploceus albinucha African tropical rainforest.
Nelicourvi Weaver.jpg Nelicourvi weaver Ploceus nelicourvi Madagascar
Sakalavawever 2.JPG Sakalava weaver Ploceus sakalava Madagascar.
Asian Golden Weaver - Petchaburi - Thailand S4E4522 (14072230600) (2) (cropped).jpg Asian golden weaver Ploceus hypoxanthus Cambodia, Indonesia, Laos, Myanmar, Thailand, and Vietnam.
Compact Weaver - Kibale - Uganda 06 4363 (22432186368) (cropped).jpg Compact weaver Ploceus superciliosus Angola, Benin, Burkina Faso, Burundi, Cameroon, Central African Republic, Republic of the Congo, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Ivory Coast, Ethiopia, Gabon, Ghana, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Kenya, Liberia, Nigeria, Rwanda, Senegal, Sierra Leone, Sudan, Tanzania, Togo, Uganda, and Zambia.
Blackbreastedweaver DSC 6530 040813 dadri.jpg Black-breasted weaver Ploceus benghalensis South Asia
Streaked Weaver (Ploceus manyar) (37514260752).jpg Streaked weaver Ploceus manyar Bangladesh, Bhutan, Cambodia, China, Egypt, India, Indonesia, Myanmar, Nepal, Pakistan, Singapore, Sri Lanka, Thailand, Vietnam
Baya Weaver Ploceus philippinus male Breeding plumage by Dr. Raju Kasambe DSC 5420 (15).jpg Baya weaver Ploceus philippinus Indian Subcontinent and Southeast Asia.
Finn's Weaver Baur Reservoir Uttarand India 05.10.2014.jpg Finn's weaver Ploceus megarhynchus India and Nepal
Dark-backed weaver, Ploceus bicolor, also known as the forest weaver at Ndumo Nature Reserve, KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa (28841131011).jpg Dark-backed weaver Ploceus bicolor Angola, Burundi, Cameroon, Republic of the Congo, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Equatorial Guinea, Eswatini, Gabon, Kenya, Malawi, Mozambique, Nigeria, Rwanda, Somalia, South Africa, South Sudan, Tanzania, Uganda, Zambia, and Zimbabwe.
Original18.jpg Preuss's weaver Ploceus preussi Cameroon, Central African Republic, Republic of the Congo, DRC, Ivory Coast, Equatorial Guinea, Gabon, Ghana, Guinea, Liberia, and Sierra Leone.
Yellow-capped weaver Ploceus dorsomaculatus Cameroon, Central African Republic, Republic of the Congo, Democratic Republic of the Congo, and Gabon.
Olive-Headed Weaver (6885957391).jpg Olive-headed weaver Ploceus olivaceiceps Malawi, Mozambique, Tanzania, and Zambia.
Usambara weaver Ploceus nicolli Tanzania.
Brown-capped Weaver - Kakamega - Kenya 06 2716 (22227720784) (cropped).jpg Brown-capped weaver Ploceus insignis Angola, Burundi, Cameroon, Republic of the Congo, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Equatorial Guinea, Kenya, Nigeria, Rwanda, South Sudan, Tanzania, and Uganda.
Ploceus angolensis Keulemans.jpg Bar-winged weaver Ploceus angolensis Angola, Democratic Republic of the Congo, and Zambia.
Ploceus sanctithomae - Beitrag zur Ornithologie Westafrica's (cropped) (cropped).jpg São Tomé weaver Ploceus sanctithomae São Tomé and Príncipe.
Yellow-legged weaver Ploceus flavipes Democratic Republic of the Congo.

References

  1. ↑ "Ploceidae". The Trust for Avian Systematics. https://www.aviansystematics.org/4th-edition-checklist?viewfamilies=190. 
  2. ↑ "Ploceus". Species. GBIF. http://www.gbif.org/species/2494008. 
  3. ↑ Cuvier, Georges (1816) (in fr). Le Règne animal distribué d'après son organisation : pour servir de base a l'histoire naturelle des animaux et d'introduction a l'anatomie comparée. 1. Paris: Déterville. p. 383. https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/1844893. 
  4. ↑ Mayr, Ernst; Greenway, James C. Jr, eds (1962). Check-list of birds of the world. 15. Cambridge, Massachusetts: Museum of Comparative Zoology. p. 32. https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/14485405. 
  5. ↑ Jobling, J.A. (2018). "Key to Scientific Names in Ornithology". in del Hoyo, J.; Elliott, A.; Sargatal, J. et al.. Handbook of the Birds of the World Alive. Lynx Edicions. https://www.hbw.com/dictionary/definition/ploceus. 
  6. ↑ De Silva, Thilina N.; Peterson, A. Townsend; Bates, John M.; Fernandoa, Sumudu W.; Girard, Matthew G. (2017). "Phylogenetic relationships of weaverbirds (Aves: Ploceidae): A first robust phylogeny based on mitochondrial and nuclear markers". Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 109: 21–32. doi:10.1016/j.ympev.2016.12.013. PMID 28012957. 
  7. ↑ Wolters, H.E. (1970). "On the generic classification of the weaver-birds of the Malimbus-Ploceus group". Natural History Bulletin of the Siam Society 23: 369–391. http://www.siamese-heritage.org/nhbsspdf/vol021-030/NHBSS_023_3p_Wolters_OnTheGenericC.pdf. 
  8. ↑ Del Hoyo, J.; Elliott, A.; Christie, D. (2010). Handbook of the Birds of the World. 15. Weavers to New World Warblers. Barcelona: Lynx Edicions. 
  9. ↑ Gill, Frank; Donsker, David; Rasmussen, Pamela, eds (January 2023). "Old World sparrows, snowfinches, weavers". IOC World Bird List Version 13.1. International Ornithologists' Union. https://www.worldbirdnames.org/bow/weavers/. 

External links

Wikidata ☰ Q1093619 entry



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