Biology:Premunity
From HandWiki
Premunity is a term used to signify progressive development of immunity in individuals exposed to an infective agent,[1] mainly belonging to protozoa and Rickettsia, but not in viruses.[2] After the initial infection, which generally occurs in childhood, the effect in subsequent infections is diminished. Infections thereafter may exhibit little or no symptomatology in spite of parasitemia. The next stage is resistance to infection altogether. Loss of premunity is estimated to be the cause of the rebound of malaria[3] in 1965 in India after the dramatic success of the National Malaria Control Programme that was launched for rural India in 1953.
Infections demonstrating premunity
- Babesiosis[4][5]
- Malaria[1][6]
- Onchocerca volvulus[7]
- Trichomonas[8]
See also
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 "Effects of impregnated bednets". Modelling group at the Department of Medical Biometry, University of Tübingen. http://www.uni-tuebingen.de/modeling/Mod_Malaria_Bednets_en.html. Retrieved 18 January 2014.
- ↑ Seifert, Horst S. H. (1 January 1996). Tropical Animal Health. Springer. pp. 150. ISBN 978-0-7923-3821-5. https://books.google.com/books?id=CqG8YqIaKTEC&pg=PA150.
- ↑ "Reports of Expert Committees to the Interim Commission". Official Records of the World Health Organisation No.8. April 1948. http://apps.who.int/iris/bitstream/10665/85587/1/Official_record8_eng.pdf.
- ↑ Shaw, Susan E.; Day, Michael J. (11 April 2005). Arthropod-borne Infectious Diseases of the Dog and Cat. Manson Publishing. pp. 71. ISBN 978-1-84076-578-6. https://books.google.com/books?id=OwE4yoj3LukC&pg=PA71.
- ↑ Hoyte, HMD (November 1961). "Initial Development of Infections with Babesia bigeminal*". The Journal of Protozoology 8 (4): 462–466. doi:10.1111/j.1550-7408.1961.tb01242.x.
- ↑ Maegraith, B. G. (1 January 1973). Malaria. Spezielle pathologische Anatomie. 8. Springer Berlin Heidelberg. 319–349. doi:10.1007/978-3-662-00226-1_11. ISBN 978-3-662-00226-1.
- ↑ Duke, BO (1968). "Reinfections with Onchocerca volvulus in cured patients exposed to continuing transmission.". Bulletin of the World Health Organization 39 (2): 307–9. PMID 5303412. PMC 2554563. http://europepmc.org/articles/PMC2554563/pdf/bullwho00229-0168.pdf.
- ↑ blaz (5 October 2009). "DETAILED THREAD ON CANKER TRICHOMONIASIS". Unknown parameter
|publisher=ignored (help) copied from and citing Peters, Wim (1995). Fit to win : health, diagnosis and treatment in racing pigeons. Londin [sic]: Racing Pigeon. ISBN 978-0-85390-043-6.
Further reading
- Mayr, A (Feb 24, 1978). "[Premunity, premunization and paraspecific effect of immunizations (author's transl)]". MMW, Munchener Medizinische Wochenschrift 120 (8): 239–46. PMID 305537.
- Peters, W (November 1960). "Part VI. Unstable highland malaria—analysis of data and possibilities for eradication of malaria". Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene 54 (6): 542–548. doi:10.1016/0035-9203(60)90029-8.
- Saracino, Annalisa; Nacarapa, Edy A; da Costa Massinga, Ézio A; Martinelli, Domenico; Scacchetti, Marco; de Oliveira, Carlos; Antonich, Anita; Galloni, Donata et al. (2012). "Prevalence and clinical features of HIV and malaria co-infection in hospitalized adults in Beira, Mozambique". Malaria Journal 11 (1): 241. doi:10.1186/1475-2875-11-241. PMID 22835018.
- Fiennes, RN (Jun 14, 1947). "Immunity and premunity in cattle trypanosomiasis". The Veterinary Record 59 (22): 291–2. PMID 20251204. and PMID 20251205
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