Biology:Pseudotyrannochthoniidae
Pseudotyrannochthoniidae is a family of pseudoscorpions, belonging to the superfamily Chthonioidea. It is one of the most primitive living groups of pseudoscorpions and contains fewer than 100 species in 6 genera. Living members of the group have a strongly disjunct distribution with a preference for humid Mediterranean and temperate forest habitats, likely reflecting ancient vicariance from the breakup of Pangaea, with species occurring in Australia, Asia, Southern Africa and Madagascar, Western North America and southern South America.[1] Fossils species are known from the Eocene Baltic and Bitterfeld amber, which represent members of extant Asian genera,[2] though the group likely has a much older origin during the Mesozoic, with diversification during the Cretaceous.[1]
Taxonomy
- Afrochthonius Beier, 1930 South Africa, Madagascar and Sri Lanka (paraphyletic[1])
- Allochthonius Chamberlin, 1929 East Asia (Fossil species known from Baltic amber)
- Centrochthonius Beier, 1931 Central Asia (Fossil species known from Bitterfeld amber)
- Pseudotyrannochthonius Beier, 1930 from Chile, Australia, eastern Asia, and the western United States (paraphyletic[1])
- Selachochthonius Chamberlin, 1929 South Africa
- Spelaeochthonius Morikawa, 1954 East Asia
- Karrichthonius Harms et al. 2025[3] Australia.
Phylogeny (with the exclusion of Centrochthonius and the later described Karrichthonius) after Harms et al. 2024:[1]
| Chthonioidea |
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References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 Harms, Danilo; Harvey, Mark S.; Roberts, J. Dale; Loria, Stephanie F. (June 2024). "Tectonically driven climate change and the spread of temperate biomes: Insights from dragon pseudoscorpions (Pseudotyrannochthoniidae), a globally distributed arachnid lineage" (in en). Journal of Biogeography 51 (6): 1032–1048. doi:10.1111/jbi.14801. ISSN 0305-0270. https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/jbi.14801.
- ↑ Schwarze, Daniel; Harms, Danilo; Hammel, Jörg U.; Kotthoff, Ulrich (2021-06-22). "The first fossils of the most basal pseudoscorpion family (Arachnida: Pseudoscorpiones: Pseudotyrannochthoniidae): evidence for major biogeographical shifts in the European paleofauna" (in en). PalZ 96: 11–27. doi:10.1007/s12542-021-00565-8. ISSN 1867-6812.
- ↑ Harms, Danilo; McRae, Jane; Curran, Michael; Harvey, Mark S. (2025-09-30). Benavides, Ligia. ed. "Identifying refugia for invertebrate conservation in biodiversity hotspots: examples from a new genus of dragon pseudoscorpions (Pseudotyrannochthoniidae: Karrichthonius)" (in en). Invertebrate Systematics 39 (9). doi:10.1071/IS25028. ISSN 1445-5226. https://connectsci.au/is/article/39/9/IS25028/238075/Identifying-refugia-for-invertebrate-conservation.
Wikidata ☰ Q21044770 entry
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