Biology:Quereuxia

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Quereuxia is an extinct genus of aquatic angiosperms known from fossil leaves and leaf rosettes primarily dating to the Late Cretaceous period.[1] It also survived into the Paleocene,[2] with Quereuxia angulata documented as a member of aquatic plant communities persisting across the Cretaceous-Paleogene boundary in northeastern Russia.[3] These plants are notable for their floating growth habit, with morphological features suggesting adaptation to still freshwater environments.[4] Fossil Quereuxia leaves from the Upper Cretaceous of the Amur region in Russia preserve ovipisition marks from damselflies and dragonflies, providing evidence of plant-insect interactions in ancient freshwater ecosystems.[5]

Classification

Morphological studies have confirmed the genus' distinctiveness based on features such as heterophyllous leaf arrangements (both simple and compound), floating rosettes, and submerged rhizomatous growth. Quereuxia angulata, the most well-known species, has often been compared to extant members of Trapa (water chestnut), and fossil fruits of extinct genus Paleotrapa, found in direct association with Quereuxia leaves, show morphological similarities to modern Trapa fruits.[6] However, differences in growth habit and floral morphology have prevented confident placement within any modern family, leaving its exact taxonomic position unresolved.[4]

Distribution

Fossils are known from a wide variety of locales including Russia,[7] Austria,[8] The United States,[9] Canada,[10] China,[11] and Mongolia.[12]

References

  1. ↑ Hickey, Leo J. (2001). "On the nomenclatural status of the morphogenera, Quereuxia and Trapago" (in en). Taxon 50 (4): 1119–1124. doi:10.2307/1224729. ISSN 1996-8175. https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.2307/1224729. 
  2. ↑ Wing, Scott (February 1994). "Flora of the Ravenscrag formation (paleocene), southwestern Saskatchewan, Canada". Review of Palaeobotany and Palynology 80 (3-4): 341. doi:10.1016/0034-6667(94)90012-4. ISSN 0034-6667. 
  3. ↑ Golovneva, L.B. (2000). "Aquatic plant community at the Cretaceous-Palaeogene boundary in north-eastern Russia". Acta Paleobotanica 40 (2): 139-151. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/262918848. 
  4. ↑ 4.0 4.1 Stockey, Ruth A.; Rothwell, Gar W. (January 1997). "The Aquatic Angiosperm Trapago angulata from the Upper Cretaceous (Maastrichtian) St. Mary River Formation of Southern Alberta". International Journal of Plant Sciences 158 (1): 83–94. doi:10.1086/297417. ISSN 1058-5893. https://www.journals.uchicago.edu/doi/10.1086/297417. 
  5. ↑ Vasilenko, D. V. (2008-08-01). "Insect ovipositions on aquatic plant leaves Quereuxia from the Upper Cretaceous of the Amur region" (in en). Paleontological Journal 42 (5): 514–521. doi:10.1134/S0031030108050067. ISSN 1555-6174. https://doi.org/10.1134/S0031030108050067. 
  6. ↑ Golovneva, L.B. (1991). "The new genus Palaeotrapa (Trapaceae) and new species Quereuxia from the Rarytkin series (the Koryak Upland, the Maastrichtian-Danian)". Botanicheskii Zhurnal 76 (4): 601-610. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/308607949. 
  7. ↑ "Obeshchayushchiy (PIN collection 3901) (Cretaceous of Russian Federation)". https://paleobiodb.org/classic/basicCollectionSearch?collection_no=105375&is_real_user=1. 
  8. ↑ Kvaček, Jiří; Herman, Alexei (2004). "The Campanian Grünbach Flora of Lower Austria: Palaeoecological interpretations". Naturhist. Mus. Wien 106: 91-101. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/285820884_The_Campanian_Grunbach_Flora_of_Lower_Austria_Palaeoecological_interpretations. 
  9. ↑ Johnson, Kirk R. (2002-09-01), Hartman, Joseph H.; Johnson, Kirk R.; Nichols, Douglas J., eds., "Megaflora of the Hell Creek and lower Fort Union Formations in the western Dakotas: Vegetational response to climate change, the Cretaceous-Tertiary boundary event, and rapid marine transgression", The Hell Creek Formation and the Cretaceous-Tertiary boundary in the northern Great Plains: An Integrated continental record of the end of the Cretaceous (Geological Society of America): p. 0, doi:10.1130/0-8137-2361-2.329, ISBN 978-0-8137-2361-7 
  10. ↑ Aulenback, Kevin R.; LePage, Ben A. (March 1998). "Taxodium wallissii Sp. Nov.: First Occurrence of Taxodium from the Upper Cretaceous". International Journal of Plant Sciences 159 (2): 367–390. doi:10.1086/297558. ISSN 1058-5893. 
  11. ↑ Liang, Fei; Tian, Ning; Sun, Wei; Wu, Qi; Liu, Bingcai; Wang, Hongshan (2021-09-01). "Epidermal features of the floating leaves of Quereuxia angulata (Newberry) Krištofovič, an aquatic angiosperm from the Upper Cretaceous of Northeast China". Cretaceous Research 125. doi:10.1016/j.cretres.2021.104835. ISSN 0195-6671. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0195667121000823. 
  12. ↑ Khand, Yo.; Badamgarav, D.; Ariunchimeg, Ya.; Barsbold, R. (2000-01-01), Okada, Hakuyu; Mateer, Nlall J., eds., "Cretaceous system in Mongolia and its depositional environments", Developments in Palaeontology and Stratigraphy, Cretaceous Environments of Asia (Elsevier) 17: pp. 49–79, https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0920544600800242, retrieved 2025-08-26 

Wikidata ☰ Q135983985 entry



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