Biology:RMND5B

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A representation of the 3D structure of the protein myoglobin showing turquoise α-helices.
Generic protein structure example

Required for meiotic nuclear division 5 homolog B (S. cerevisiae), also known as RMND5B, is a protein which in humans is encoded by the RMND5B gene.[1] It has a zinc finger domain and is highly conserved throughout many eukaryotic organisms.

Protein sequence

This protein is rich in leucine (14.0%) and might belong to the protein family of leucine-rich repeats

        1 meqcacvere ldkvlqkflt ygqhcersle ellhyvgqlr aelasaalqg tplsatlslv
       61 msqccrkikd tvqklasdhk dihssvsrvg kaidrnfdse icgvvsdavw dareqqqqil
      121 qmaivehlyq qgmlsvaeel cqestlnvdl dfkqpfleln rilealheqd lgpalewavs
      181 hrqrllelns slefklhrlh firllaggpa kqlealsyar hfqpfarlhq reiqvmmgsl
      241 vylrlgleks pychlldssh waeicetftr dacsllglsv esplsvsfas gcvalpvlmn
      301 ikavieqrqc tgvwnhkdel pieielgmkc wyhsvfacpi lrqqtsdsnp piklicghvi
      361 srdalnklin ggklkcpycp meqnpadgkr iif

Homology

text shaded multiple sequence alignment of CAD28476; the shaded amino acids are conserved

CAD28476 is highly conserved in many eukaryotic organism. Its high conservation suggests that it plays a primary role in meiosis.

Orthologs

taxonomic name common name NCBI entry Percentage of sequence similarity Length (AAs) comments
Homo sapiens Human [1] 100% 393 hypothetical Protein for Meiosis
Pan troglodytes Chimpanzee [2] 99.7% 393 required for meiotic nuclear division 5 homolog B isoform 6
Macaca mulatta Rhesus macaque [3] 98.5% 393 Similar to CG3295-PA isoform 11
Rattus norvegicus Norway rat [4] 98.2% 393 Similar to RIKEN cDNA 0610039K22
Mus musculus House mouse [5] 97.7% 393 Required for meiotic nuclear division 5 homolog B
Equus caballus Horse [6] 97.7% 273 PREDICTED: similar required for meiotic nuclear division 5 homolog B
Bos taurus Cattle [7] 95.4% 393 required for meiotic nuclear division 5 homolog B
Danio rerio Zebrafish [8] 72.8% 391 required for meiotic nuclear division 5 homolog B
Xenopus laevis African clawed frog [9] 70% 391 MGC84431 protein
Canis lupus familiaris Dog [10] 70% 391 PREDICTED: similar to CG3295-PA isoform A
Tetraodon nigroviridis Spotted green pufferfish [11] 68.5% 417 unnamed protein product
Ornithorhynchus anatinus Platypus [12] 64.5% 389
Branchiostoma floridae Florida lancelet [13] 57% 491 hypothetical protein BRAFLDRAFT_126901
Nematostella vectensis Sea anemone [14] 50.1% 389
Culex quinquefasciatus Southern house mosquito [15] 48.5% 392 conserved hypothetical protein
Aedes aegypti Yellow fever mosquito [16] 48.2% 392 hypothetical protein AaeL_AAEL009407
Strongylocentrotus purpuratus Purple urchin [17] 48.2 405 PREDICTED: Similar to MGC88921 protein
Drosophila virilis Fruit fly [18] 41.5% 437 GJ20343
Drosophila melanogaster Fruit fly [19] 40.3% 431 CG3295
Acyrthosiphon pisum Acrythosiphon [20] 39.5% 366 PREDICTED: required for meiothic nuclear division 5 homolg A
Oryza sativa Rice [21] 32.2% 386 membrane protein-like

Zinc finger domain

This depiction shows the location of the two predicted protein domains.
Result of local sequence alignment- the amino acids found in the zinc finger domain are highlighted in different color
The three amino acids which are coordinated to the zinc ion.

Two domains were predicted by the program BLIMPS[2] to exist in the protein of which one of the domains contains a zinc finger domain.

Zinc finger domains assist the binding of the protein to nucleic acids. This points to a direct interaction of CAD28476 with DNA during meiosis. By comparing CAD28476 with a related zinc finger protein[3] in a local sequence alignment using LALIGN,[4] the amino acids His359, Cys381 and Cys384 could be attributed to the zinc finger domain. This zinc finger structure is uncommon in the way that it involves one histidine instead of two.

Expression

Microarray data show that CAD28476 is highly expressed in tissue where meiosis occurs like in testis and ovaries. Moreover, it is also highly expressed in the brain around the hypothalamus.

Transcriptional regulation

Listed binding sites for different transcription factors, the bold transcription factors are very likely to be involved in regulation.

The analysis of the promoter region (tools on the page rVista .[5] were used) shows that there are several transcription factor binding sites localized in conserved regions . It is very likely that the transcription factor Ets-1 which belongs to the ETS transcription factor family and its core binding factor CBF are involved in regulation of transcription since they both have independent binding sites.

Interacting proteins

There were two proteins predicted[6] which interact with CAD28476.

name of the protein Uniprot entry information about the gene
Ewing sarcoma breakpoint region 1, isoform CRA_a [22] gene encodes a putative RNA binding protein. Mutations in this gene, specifically a t(11;22)(q24;q12) translocation, are known to cause Ewing sarcoma as well as neuroectodermal and various other tumors.
Mothers against decapentaplegic homolog 4 [23] SMAD4

References

  1. "Entrez Gene: RMND5B required for meiotic nuclear division 5 homolog B (S. cerevisiae)". https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?Db=gene&Cmd=ShowDetailView&TermToSearch=64777. 
  2. Jorja Henikoff, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, 1100 Fairview AV N, A1-162, PO Box 19024 Seattle, WA 98109-1024 FAX: 206-667-5889
  3. Miyamoto, K.; Tochio, N.; Sato, M.; Koshiba, S.; Inoue, M.; Kigawa, T.; Yokoyama, S. (2005). "PDB entry of 2ct2". To be Published. doi:10.2210/pdb2ct2/pdb. http://www.rcsb.org/pdb/explore/explore.do?structureId=2CT2. Retrieved 12 May 2009. 
  4. © 1997 by William R. Pearson and the University of Virginia (This is from distribution "fasta20u66", version 2.0u66, Sep., 1998, sale or incorporation into a commercial product expressly forbidden without permission)
  5. "rvista Home Page". http://rvista.dcode.org/. Retrieved 12 May 2009. 
  6. "homepage of Genecard". https://www.genecards.org/index.shtml. Retrieved 12 May 2009. 

Further reading